• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2008년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.118-121
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the wearing sensation of T-shirts made with silver combination yarns. The four different single jersey fabrics were knitted to make long sleeve T-shirts: cotton(C), cotton/silver(CS), polyester(P), and polyester/silver(PS). The four kinds of T-shirts were evaluated by six healthy male subjects in a climatic chamber($25^{\circ}C$, 65%RH, 0.5m/sec). The results were as follows. Thermal and fatigue sensation of wearing CS was best. It was found that overall subjective sensation was improved by using silver yarn with cotton for health knitwear.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.447-451
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• 1991

Effects of insulation after exposure of the extremities on the temperature regulation in clothed men were studied. Experiment was carried out with six males in a climatic chamber fixed at $10^{\circ}C$, $55\%$ R.H. treated with Type A (face only was exposed) and Type B (face and half of the extremities were exposed). Mean skin temperature fell greater in Type B due to intense vasoconstriction than in Type A. Rectal temperature rose a little in Type B and resumed in Type A without any significant differences in metabolism between two types of clothing. These findings suggest that Type B is more effective in physiological defense to the cold stimuli than Type A at least at $10^{\circ}C$.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermal properties of soccer wear with different materials and designs. As a beginning step, the questionnaire survey about the actual condition of soccer wears was conducted. with the results of the questinnaire, two soccer wears with new material and design that were improved in tactile sensations, absorption and ventilation were developed. We evaluated thermal and subjective responses of subjects wearing Korea national soccer team uniform in 1998 World Cup (Uniform 98), soccer wear with new material and same design(New II) and with new material and new design(New I). New I was made with mesh in armhole for improving ventilation. Rectal temperature, skin temperature, clothing microclimate, and heart rate were measured in climatic chamber test(twelve times) and field test(eighteen times). The results were as follows. 1. As the results of the climatic chamber test, rectal temperature was lower in New I and New II than Uniform98, and mean skin temperature was lower in New I than Uniform 98 and New II. Heart rate was lower in New I than New II, and total body weight loss and local sweating were not significantly different by soccer wears. 2. As the results of the field test, rectal temperature was lower in New I than Uniform98 and New II. Mean skin temperature was lower in New II than Uniform98 and New I. Clothing microclimate temperature was lower in New II than Uniform98 and New 1, and clothing microclimate humidity was lower in New I, New II than Uniform 98. Heart rate was lower in New I than Uniform 98, New II and total body weight loss and local sweating were lower in New I, New II than Uniform 98. In conclusion, New I using new design using mesh in armhole and new material using sweat absorbent finishing was excellent from the point of view of physical responses, ventilation and sweat absorption.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.5877-5884
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• 2014

최근 기후변화와 기상이변 등으로 동절기에 더욱 가혹한 기상 조건이 자주 보고되고 있다. 그러나, 철도차량의 난방용량은 이렇게 극도로 추운 기후환경에서는 객실을 난방하기에 충분하지 않은 경우가 많으며, 이는 난방에 대한 승객의 민원을 야기하는 주요 원인이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 외기 온도와 난방 출력이 객실 온도에 미치는 영향을 알아봄으로써 차량의 난방용량에 따른 운행 가능한 외기온도를 실험적으로 도출하고자 하였다. 실험방법으로는 우선 시험용 철도차량을 대형 기후환경 챔버에 넣고, 다양한 외기온도조건을 모사하였다. 난방 장치 출력의 영향은 난방 장치의 출력을 변화시키면서 객실의 온도를 측정하여 조사하였다. 외기온도가 $-10^{\circ}C$인 조건에서는 난방기의 출력을 최대로 한 경우에도 객실의 평균 온도는 $14.0^{\circ}C$에 불과하여, 동절기의 객실온도 최소 요구조건인 $18^{\circ}C$보다 훨씬 낮았으나, 외기 온도가 $0^{\circ}C$와 $10^{\circ}C$인 경우의 객실온도는 각각 $26.1^{\circ}C$와 $34.0^{\circ}C$였다. 내삽법으로 계산한 결과 객실 내부 온도를 $18^{\circ}C$ 이상으로 유지할 수 있는 최저 외기온도는 $-6.7^{\circ}C$임을 알 수 있었다. 객실 내부에서의 수직 온도 차이는 난방기 출력이 높을수록, 외기온도가 높을수록 커서 10 K 이상 차이가 나는 경우도 있었다. 그러나, 수평 온도 차이는 난방기 출력이나 외기온도에 무관하게 최대 2 K 이하로 매우 낮게 나타났다. 따라서, 우수한 난방성능을 확보하기 위해서는 수직 온도 차이를 줄이는 것이 중요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2011

This study was to present the preferred and the suggested indoor temperature of college students in winter based on their body composition. A total of 14 subjects(6 males and 8 females) participated in this study. They sat in a climatic chamber controlled at $24^{\circ}C$ wearing experimental garments(0.7clo). The air temperature decreased $1^{\circ}C$ every 15 minutes until it reached $19^{\circ}C$. After the stepwise temperature change, subjects were asked to select a comfortable air temperature by dialing the temperature control switch inside the chamber. The preferred temperature was determined when subjects did not change the air temperature for 10 minutes. The measurements were oxygen consumption, rectal temperature, skin temperature, and subjective sensation. Main results are as follows. In a mild cold condition, females demonstrated lower oxygen consumption and mean skin temperature than males while keeping a constant rectal temperature. Females increased rectal temperature and decreased mean skin temperature greater than males from $24^{\circ}C$ to $19^{\circ}C$. Males showed larger oxygen consumption increase than females. It appears that the thermo-physiological responses in a mild cold condition might be different between males and females. The preferred winter indoor temperature was $22.3^{\circ}C$ for males and $23.4^{\circ}C$ for females, and the suggested temperature was $21^{\circ}C$ for males and $23^{\circ}C$ for females.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2014

Chilled Beam system is the kind of water-air system which reduces the conveyance energy for air conditioning as well as allows efficient installation and comfortable indoor environment, and has been increasingly popular mainly in Europe. To effectively install such Chilled Beam system domestically, it is necessary to develop the product considering domestic climatic condition and the requirements for air conditioning system, and particularly the way to deal with condensation during operation of cooling system in summer shall be provided. In this study, the optimal design on induction structure of Chilled Beam unit was carried out through a numerical method, and the performance test for the prototype of unit was conducted in a real-scale experiment facilities of Chilled Beam unit. While the flowrate of 1st air is 101.3 CMH, the pressure in pressure chamber is 158.7 Pa and the cooling capacities of 1st air side and 2nd air side are 498.1 W and 709.5 W respectively.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.763-770
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• 2002

The objective of the study was to investigate skin temperature responses of Hanbok when it was worn. Two healthy females(average 21 years, 155cm and 60kg were exposed to a climatic chamber(Room Temp. $21{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;52{\pm}2%R.H.$, 0.15m/s). During the experiment, rectal temperature, skin temperature of 9 areas, clothing microclimate, subjective sensation were measured. Chima and Jogory to be made of silk nobang(SN) or Ramie were worn for summer. Polyester(P) Chima and Jogori(R) could be wort for spring and autumn. For winter, silk Chima, Jogori(S) and Durumagi(D) were commonly worn. Rectal temperature was high in order of naked(N), R, SN, P, S, D. However Mean skin temperature was reversely high in order of D, S, SN, R, P, naked. In naked, skin temperature was high in order of head, trunk upper extremity and lower extremity. But on wearing of Hanbok, it was the highest at the chest except head regardless of kinds of clothing ensembles. Skin temperature of upper arm was secondly highest on wearing the silk ensemble and the Durumagi ensemble, but skin temperature of buttock was secondly highest on wearing the silk nobang ensemble and the ramie ensemble. Skin temperature on wearing the silk ensemble was generally higher than those on other clothing ensembles. Local and mean skin temperatures on wearing the silk ensemble and the Durumagj ensemble were generally higher than on other clothing ensembles. Heat resistance of the fabric might have affected on the local skin temperature.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.747-754
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• 2003

The actual clothing conditions were surveyed to diagnose clothing condition of Korean female in the view point of the adaptation to the thermal environment according to seasonal changes. Then, clothing microclimate, physiological responses, and subjective sensation were investigated through wearing trials on human body in climatic chamber based on the results from the survey. Factors to evaluate validity of clothing condition were clothing weight, clothing microclimate, physiological response of human body, and subjective sensation. The results were as follows: 1. Clothing weight per body surface area of the season was $856g/m^{2}$, $439g/m^{2}$ in summer, $630g/m^{2}$ in fall, and $1184g/m^{2}$ in winter. Cold - resistance of Korean female in office was superior to Japanese, inferior to residents of rural areas of Korea, and similar to male in office. However, in heat - resistance, female in office was inferior to residents of rural areas of Korea. 2. In spring, fall, winter, clothing microclimate temperature was a little higher than that in summer. Therefore, it was not a desirable wearing condition even though the clothing microclimate was comfortable zone. 3. Mean skin temperature of female in office was including within the range of Winslow's comfortable zone, but the range of comfortable zone in mean skin temperature of female was more narrow than Winslow's. Thus, it has problem for female to adaptation to thermal environment.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the skin temperature over the exercised muscle and corresponding non-exercised muscle after unilateral isokinetic exercise using digital thermography. Thirty-two young healthy volunteers with no history of knee injury were tested. After isokinetic exercise at 60 degree per second angular velocity using the right leg in a climatic chamber at ambient temperature of $23-26^{\circ}C$, skin temperature of the anterior thigh was tested. After exercise, the skin temperature of both the right and left leg had fallen significantly. The skin temperature of the exercised leg fell less than that of the non-exercised leg. The fall in skin temperature after work was not due to increased evaporative cooling, but was the result of segmental vasoconstriction probably caused reflexly in the spinal cord by non-thermal afferents from exercising muscle or moving tissues. The effect of thermoregulatory vasodilation was reduced by reflex vasoconstriction caused by non-thermal factors such as catecholamine.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2011

This study was designed to present the preferred indoor temperature of college students in summer based on their body composition. A total of 19 subjects, 10 females and 9 males, participated in this study. They sat in a climatic chamber controlled at $27^{\circ}C$ wearing a short sleeved shirt and short trousers. The air temperature decreased by $0.5^{\circ}C$ every 10 minutes until it reached $24^{\circ}C$. Oxygen uptake, rectal temperature, and skin temperature, subjective sensation were measured and recorded. Females increased the rectal temperature and decreased mean skin temperature in an air conditioned environment, showing better physiological responses. But they felt more thermal discomfort than males. The preferred indoor temperature of college students in summer was $25.3^{\circ}C$, $25.7^{\circ}C$ for females and $24.97^{\circ}C$ for males.