• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2011

최근 국제원자력기구와 방사성폐기물 분야 주요 선도국들은 리스크 차등접근법에 따라 방사성폐기물의 분류기준을 세분화하고 있는 추세이며, 이러한 맥락에서 극저준위폐기물을 새로운 방사성폐기물 범주로서 신설하거나 이에 대한 별도의 최적 관리방안을 모색하고 있다. 국제적으로 운영 사례가 점차 증가되고 있는 주요 국가의 극저준위폐기물 전용 공학적 표층매립형 처분시설들은 방사성핵종의 격리 및 지연 성능 측면에서 1960년대 주로 건설된 천층 트렌치형 중 저준위폐기물 처분시설 보다 개선된 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 주요 선도국들의 극저준위폐기물 관리방안은 규제해제 제도, 중 저준위폐기물 처분시설 및 비원자력 폐기물매립장의 활용 가능성, 사회수용성 등에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 관련하여, 국내에서도 향후 대형 원자력시설의 해체에 대비하여 극저준위폐기물의 최적 관리방안에 관한 종합적인 검토와 논의를 통해 리스크 차등접근법에 따른 최적화된 관리방안을 사전에 수립하고, 이를 국가 방사성폐기물 관리정책 및 관리계획의 틀 내에서 체계적으로 시행할 필요가 있다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.121-142
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify NANDA, NIC, and NOC frequently used and their linkages in major nursing departments for development of the nursing process and nursing management system. Methods: This study was a descriptive study. Data were collected from 123 nurses who worked in medical, surgical, pediatric, gynecologic, and psychiatric department. The questionnaire was based on the NANDA, NOC, NIC, and NANDA-NOC-NIC linkage system. This research was analyzed by an EXCEL program and SPSS $Pc^{+}15.0$. Results: Nursing diagnoses frequently used were 'anxiety', 'disturbed sleep pattern', 'activity intolerance', 'social isolation', 'nausea', 'ineffective airway clearance', 'chronic pain', nursing outcomes frequently used were 'thermoregulation', 'bowel elimination', 'pain control', 'vital sign status', 'pain level', and nursing interventions frequently used were 'nausea management', 'airway suctioning', 'bowel elimination management', 'diarrhea management', 'medication management'. NANDA-NOC-NIC linkages in major nursing departments were recognized, and these results were similar to the results of other researches. Conclusion: The results of this study will be provided as a guideline to apply to the nursing process and development of the nursing process system with the NANDA-NOC-NIC linkage in major nursing department.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.151-162
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• 1993

The author installed $3.75mm\times10mm$ $Br{\aa}nrmark$ osseointegrated implants and $3.5mm\times8mm$ I.T.I. hollow screw implants(Benefit) as a free standing abutment to replace lower left and right molars of 44-year-old female patient. Form the foregoing procedure, the author obtained the following results. 1. Free-standing $Br{\aa}nrmark$ and I.T.I. Hollow screw implants(Benefit) could be used to replace molars effectively without reduction of adjacent natural teeth, 2. Rotation of occlusal gold screw of $Br{\aa}nrmark$ implants was observed under occlusal force. 3. Adjustment of height of I.T.I. abutments was necessary in the mandibular second molar because of the limited occlusal clearance. 4. Form the oral examination, patient comments, panoramic and periapical radiographs, there were no pain, gingival imflammation and mobility, but slight reduction of alveolar bone level was shown around both implant systems. 5. Patient comments were comfortable on both systems. but the patient complained about economic problem of $Br{\aa}nrmark$ system and long treatment treatment time of both systems.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2006

In this research. the diesel cycle was thermodynamically interpreted to evaluate the possibility of high efficiency by converting diesel engines to the high expansion diesel cycle, and general cycle features were analyzed after comparing these two cycles. Based on these analyses. an experimental single cylinder a long stroke with high expansion-diesel engine. of which S/B ratio was more than 3, was manufactured. After evaluating the base engine through basic experiments, a diesel engine was converted into the high expansion diesel engine by establish VCR device and VVT system Accordingly, the high expansion diesel cycle can be implemented when the quantity of intake air is compensated by supercharge and the effective compression ratio is maintained at its initial level through the reduction of the clearance volume. In this case, heat efficiency increased by $5.0\%$ at the same expansion-compression ratio when the apparent compression ratio was 20 and the fuel cut off ratio was 2. As explained above, when the atkinson cycle was used for diesel cycle, heat efficiency was improved. In order to realize high expansion through retarding the intake value closing time, the engine needs to be equipped with variable valve timing equipment, variable compression ratio equipment and supercharged pressure equipment. Then a high expansion diesel cycle engine is realized.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.264-269
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• 2008

This paper presents the summary of control of abnormal vibration found in the COP motors of a nuclear power plant. All six identical units of COP pump-motor assemblies showed unstable vibration pattern of which one or two showed higher vibration enough to exceed the allowable level from the installation stage. Many trials of test, measurement, overhaul and replacement had been repeated to investigate and solve the problem but only to reach unsatisfactory settlement. Recently several times of site tests are made and followed by significant diagnostic actions in which the authors group participated. It was found that the coupled shafting system of motor and pump is in close resonance with the $1^{st}$ shaft rotating speed. Redesign of topside motor bearing clearance is made to increase bearing stiffness and hence to avoid the resonance which consequently led to reduce the troubled vibration to allowable and stable status.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제49권
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• pp.167-188
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• 2011

The World Customs Organization (WCO) has designed standards to secure and to facilitate the ever-growing flow of goods in international commerce since 9.11 terrorism in U.S.A. These standards are set forth in the SAFE Framework of Standards, which was adopted by the WCO Council at its 2005 Sessions and the SAFE Framework incorporates the concept of the Authorized Economic Operator (AEO), and the Council directed the WCO to develop more detailed implementing provisions for the AEO concept. It is considered to be reliable in customs-related operations and ensures an equivalent level of protection in customs controls for goods brought into or out of the customs territory, whereas it is difficult for many Korean companies to make a decision of introducing the AEO certification programs because of a lack of cost and benefit information. In this article, We have reviewed the definition and the developing status of an AEO programmes and have studied the benefit and expected effect through documentary research methods. Therefore, it is essential for Korean companies to be certified the AEO programmes from Korea customs service for increasing security in international supply chains through risk management and customs compliance, in addition, the key-driver in the future will be expectations from the business community to work with AEO partners.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.476-480
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• 2005

Immunosuppressive therapy in pediatric renal transplant recipients is changing consequence of the increasing number of available immunosuppressive agents. The optimal use of immunosuppressive agents requires a thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetic characteristics, but the information on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of these drugs in pediatric transplant recipients is still limited. In general, patients younger than 5 years old show higher clearance rates, therefore the need for higher dosages in younger patients seems evident. By the therapeutic drug monitoring, trough($C_{min}$) and peak level($C_{max}$) are measured and the area under the blood concentration-time curve(AUC), which is taken as being representative of total systemic exposure can be calculated. Cyclosporine A (CSA) has poor bioavailability, which contributes to high inter- and intra-patient pharmacokinetic variability. CSA concentration measured 2 hours after administration($C_2$) has better correlation with the AUC than $C_{min}$ and is an alternative technique that predicts the AUC. Tacrolimus(Tac) has a great deal of inter-individual variability like CSA but intra-individual variability in systemic exposure is considered to be low. Both CSA and Tac are metabolized by a cytochrome P-450 enzyme isoform(CYP3A4). We should consider changing the dosages when CSA or Tac is used in combination with the medicines that inhibit or induce the CYP3A4. In case of steroid-free immunosuppressive therapy, the blood concentration of Tac should be frequently checked and dosage adjustment may be needed.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제43권
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• pp.397-422
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• 2009

Electronic trade reduces additional costs generated from the issuing and management of paper documents, and overcomes the physical limitations of commercial transactions as well as the geographical and time limitations resulting from trading with foreign countries. These characteristics of electronic trade guarantees better and more effective global marketing for companies. In addition, by expanding relative superiority of large corporations to medium-small sized companies, many medium-small companies have shown great interest in electronic trade to promote its exporting businesses, and implementing changes to facilitate electronic trade into their business system. Therefore, it is expected that the electronic trade will be more widely distributed and utilized by businesses of all sizes in the future. The adaptation and implementation of the electronic trade system can only have prosperous effects when there is a high efficiency in the utilization and service process of the concerned company. Under this premise, this research first examined electronic trade, characteristics of the company and information utilization as the key elements to determine the effectiveness of the utility aspect. Then it examines confirmation of product demand, registration of revenues, and authorization as the key elements to determine the level of service process.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.547-552
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• 1990

산업적인 응용을 위한, 생 전분 분해력이 높고 액체 배양에 적용 가능한 균을 토양으로부터 분리한 결과, 옥수수 생 전분 당화 효소 생산력이 높은 곰팡이 No.55 균주를 분리하고 이 균주의 형태적, 생리적, 배양특성을 조사, 균 동정을 행한 결과 No.55 분리균은 Aspergillus niger 또는 그 유연균으로 동정되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.23-28
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• 1976

Author have already reported that urinary aldosterone excretion of the Korean who usually eat high sodium diet is significantly lower comparing with the American, although the plasma aldosterone concentration is identical in the former with that of the latter. Measurement of urinary aldosterone excretion and Plasma concentration only is insufficient to establish the pressence and/or mode of evolution of the Korean. In this experiments, aldosterone secretion rate(ASR) was measured in normotensive Korean during high and low dietary sodium intake with or without additional potassium supply. Results were as follows; 1) In normal Korean, dietary sodium restriction resulted in appreciable increase in ASR, and a sustained increase in urinary aldosterone excretion with an increase in plasma level. 2) Oral potassium loading easily stimulated the adrenal cortex of the Korean who already adapted to a high sodium diet when dietary sodium is still identical with not·mal American. 3) Quantitative relationships between aldosterone secretion rate, plasma concentration and urinary excretion of aldosterone were altered by potassium loading. 4) Urinary aldosterone excretion didn't reflect concurrent increase aldosterone secretion in subjects with Potassium intake. It was discussed that the changes of tile relationships and of adrenal hyper response on Potassium Beading in the Korean will be elucidated by measuring the metabolic clearance rate.