• 영어어문교육
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.67-88
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• 2004

Given the noteworthy increase in the number of native-born English-speaking. EFL instructors teaching overseas, this research examined 6 American EFL instructors who had taught English abroad with special reference to their experience as foreigner instructors in their respective host countries. With the use of interviews as the major technique employed, this research was centered on identifying conflicts or difficulties the research participants encountered as novice instructors, both internal and external to the classroom settings of their host countries. Research findings revealed that the current participants were not adequately prepared to cope with new and unfamiliar physical settings of their host countries, or to familiarize themselves with their new classroom settings and students. Studying the various the conflicts which native EFL instructors encountered, both internal and external to the classroom environment, will hopefully shed light on, and provide a more accurate portrayal of EFL professionals' teaching overseas and may provide possible insights into potential solutions to them. Furthermore, the research findings were considered and discussed in terms of acculturation theory.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.375-410
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• 2003

As Snow (1989) and Sternberg (1985) have long argued, learning, and adaptation to the learning environment or classroom context (at the levels of instructional treatment, interventionist focus on form technique, or pedagogic task) is a result of the interaction of context at each of these levels of description with learners' patterns of abilities. In this paper I argue that this is an important area of research for SLA pedagogy, as well as SLA theory development, and I review recent developments in the study of L2 learning conditions; of the abilities contributing to L2 aptitude; and of their interaction with the processes involved in successful classroom learning and practice, and propose a model of ‘multiple aptitudes’ for classroom learning based on these findings.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.155-176
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• 2012

It is an important issue to explore classroom environments which are conducive to developing students' mathematical performance. This study explores the effects of different classroom environments (solution-demand and corresponding-time setting) on mathematical performances. Fourteen and eighteen prospective teachers were required to prove a task under different conditions respectively: a) Cognitive demand of multiple-solution corresponding time of three hours, and b) Cognitive demand of a right solution corresponding time of 20 minutes. We used SOLO as the assessment tool for mathematical performance from quality perspective. Significant differences were found in the quantity and quality of mathematical performance. The regular environment focusing on speed and accuracy were found to be directly linked to low levels of performance. The findings above provide implications to the cognitive benefits of multiple-solution demand and corresponding time setting.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.193-204
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to measure some physical environmental factors and to doucument students' perceptions of them. 11 middle schools in Cheju City were divided into four areas according to their locations and two schools were selected for the study. 144 thirteen-year-old students in two middle school in a overcrowded area in Cheju City-one middle school building is insulated and the other is not insulated-were taken for the questionnaire survey. The finding of the study are as follows: 1) The classrooms were not equipped with any heating equipment. The buildings are not insulated well. As a result, the room temperature was much lower(12.9-16.2℃) than comfortable indoor temperature in winter(21.5-24.5℃). The classroom were found to be colder(12.9-16.2℃) than usual pleasant indoor temperature(21.5-24.5℃) in winter. 2) The classroom were so far from the street(20m) that there was little noise from traffic. Nevertheless, the noise level was higher(62.5-66.2 dB(A), when the windows were open; 51.7-62.8dB(A), when closed than the noise tolerance level specified in the Environment Protection Laws(50.0dB(A)). 3) As for the visual environment, the location of classroom, the adequate sun exposure, and the total states of windows in classrooms influenced on the illuminance. While standard indoor illuminance is 300 Lux, the classrooms facing south had illuminance of 231 Lux, from day light: and the ones facing west, 380 Lux. 4) Students generally found other aspects of the physical environment of their classrooms unsatisfactory. Chalk dust was generated to a serious extent near the main chalkboard(0.25mg/㎥) of classrooms.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2021

Background and objective: The physical environment where children spend most of their time is closely associated with their emotional development. To improve the emotional health of children, the introduction of natural elements in the indoor space has been suggested, the benefits of which have been shown in preliminary studies. This study aims to examine the effects that a biowall - a wall installation - in a classroom has on the emotional health of children in kindergarten. Methods: A total of four biowalls were separately installed in four kindergarten classrooms at a school in Seoul, South Korea, and the 60 children in these classrooms participated in the study. We assessed the children's emotional intelligence (via an Emotional Intelligence Rating Scale), resilience (via the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment), and eco-friendly attitudes (via the Children's Attitudes Toward Scale) before the installation of the biowalls and then again 3 months later. Results: The children's emotional intelligence, resilience, and eco-friendly attitudes had been significantly improved after the installation of the biowalls (p = .01). The sub-categories of the children's emotional intelligence and resilience were also significantly improved (p < .001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of biowalls-as an indoor environmental factor-in promoting the healthy emotional development of children. By bringing natural elements into indoor classroom settings, biowalls appear to increase children's direct/indirect contact with nature. To extrapolate the results of the study to the general population, future studies should be conducted with broader age groups.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.419-430
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• 2019

This study examined the influences of middle school students' affective empathy and guilt-proneness on defending behavior against bullying and investigated if class climate (teacher support and student support) had moderating effects. The participants consisted of 163 second to third grade students (77 boys and 86 girls) in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression. Moderating effects were examined using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that guilt-proneness, teacher support, and student support had significant effects on the defending behavior of middle school students. The higher the level of guilt-proneness, the higher the level of defending behavior. Defending behavior was also higher when students perceived a belongingness to a classroom where their teacher and students provided support. However, affective empathy had no effect on defending behavior. Second, teacher support moderated the relation between guilt-proneness and defending behavior. The effects of guilt-proneness on defending behavior against bullying were greater when teacher support was high compared to low. The results suggested that guilt-proneness and classroom climate play important roles in increasing defending behavior in middle school students. Some implications for future research were also discussed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2010

Natural lighting is directly connected with our mental and physical health. For working or learning effect, the proper natural lighting is required for improving our living conditions. School facilities, especially, are the place where includes students' ordinary activities with learning behaviors during the school years from elementary to high school. This study was carried out for the purpose introducing a basic database in that planning a school by researching on the actual in the natural lighting system of some schools' classroom, estimating, and analyzing through a simulation, which resulted in a method of improving the natural lighting system. As a result of measuring and analyzing Daylight Factor(DF) during the time from 9 am to 3 pm when students are activating in their classroom, generally DF range of the sides near to window and aisle seats zone are not distributed well. Besides, two out of four school which are researched would not reach the standards of the law for school sanitary while rest of the schools meet the standards; Average DF 5% and Minimum DF 2%. And the result of a simulation by RADIANCE program shows the most appropriate DF range when it is applied in variable numbers about an oriehows the- South-east 15, south-east 30, south-east 45, south-west 15, south-west 30, and south-west 45 degrees. When it is applied in the variable numbers about glass transmittance - 60%, 70%, and 80% in condition facing south of a classroom, the result shows that the DF range of 80% transmittance is relatively higher than other glasses in the classroom. Thus, when a school is built, plans for an orientation is necessary for improve of elementary schools' environment with the glass installation which is made for high transmittance and is regarded with the students' activities time.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the two different types of chairs on trapezius muscle activation during dictation tasks. Seventeen university students, each of whom were within ${\pm}1$ standard deviation of the mean Korean standard body size, voluntarily participated in this study. Surface electromyography was used to collect electrical signals from both the upper and lower trapezius muscles. Amplitude Probability Distribution Function (APDF) was performed to analyze the muscle activity. The findings of this study were 1) The backrest-point height of the auditorium chair and the height, length and width of the connected desk were shorter than what was suggested by the KS. Another difference was that the auditorium chair had a bigger angle of the backrest compared to the classroom chair. 2) Regarding within-subject effect the sole statistically significant difference was found between activation of the upper trapezius muscle. The upper trapezius muscle's %RVC in the APDF 10th-50th-90th percentile was statistically higher for participants sitting in the auditorium chair than for participants sitting in the classroom chair (p<.05). 3) There was an interaction effect between the 'two chair-types' and the 'two muscle-sides' in the APDF 10th-50th percentile (p<.05). 4) There was an interaction effect between the 'two chair-types' and the 'three gaze-direction' in the APDF 90th percentile (p<.05). The findings of this study indicated that maintaining a writing posture for a prolonged period of time in an auditorium chair significantly increased the left upper trapezius muscle activation compared to a classroom chair.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2007

This study compares, analyzes and reevaluates color conditions and images before and after the execution of the 7th curriculum with elementary schools in Gwang-ju Metropolitan City based on the fact that color among physical environments of elementary classrooms has an important influence on children's emotion and draws problems and aims to accumulate the basic materials for preparing guidelines of improving color environment at general classrooms of elementary schools. Consequently, according to color conditions, major colors on ceiling and wall were high brightness/nigh chroma of Y and YR line regardless of division of grades and other color factors of classroom showed that wall and ceiling used similar colors, but brightness was higher after change than before it. In evaluation of color images, lower grades showed negative color images such as 'common,' 'rustic,' and 'strange' before change, but they showed positive color images after change such as 'clean,' 'unique,' and 'soft'. But, most of higher grades showed negative reactions before change such as 'common,' 'strange,' and 'rustic' and they showed positive reactions after change only in such items as 'clean,' 'warm,' and 'unique', but Indicated negative reactions in remaining items such as 'strange,' 'rustic,' 'stiff,' and 'artificial'. Accordingly, in using colors for lower grade classroom, arrangement of colors through adjustment of brightness and chroma between ceiling, wall and other components based on coloring of high brightness and low chroma of similar colors should be considered and for higher grade classroom, arrangement of colors of unique images of mid-brightness/mid-chroma among warm color lines of similar colors should be examined.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.351-358
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• 2015

최근 다양한 센서를 내장한 스마트폰의 발달로 인해 웨어러블 기기를 사용한 동작 인식 연구가 늘어나는 추세이다. 기존의 동작 인식 연구는 사용자 개인의 동작 인식에만 국한되어 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 인간의 집단 개념동작을 인식하는 기법을 제안한다. 인식에 앞서 장소 별 집단 동작의 특징을 분석하여 데이터를 생성한다. 강의실 환경에서의 집단 개념동작을 중점적으로 수업하기, 발표하기, 회의하기로 세 가지 동작을 연구한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 알고리즘을 적용하여 96% 이상의 높은 인식률을 도출하였다. 실시간으로 활용한다면 자동적으로 강의실의 사용률 및 사용 목적을 쉽게 분석할 수 있다. 나아가 분석된 데이터를 통해 장소 활용도를 높일 수 있다. 향후 다른 장소에 대한 집단 동작 인식을 연구하여 집단 동작 인식 시스템을 개발할 것이다.