• ALGAE
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2009

The brown algae padina concrescens is widely distributed in the northwestern Pacific Mexico. We described the population of P. concrescens based on population parameters such as cover, density and size structure and reproduc-tion at two levels tide at the intertidal area in the southwestern Baja. California Peninsula. Monthly visits from January to December 2003 were done. Both cover and density were measured in situ by quadrants method. Samples were collected to obtain size structure and percentage of reproductive fronds. Our results show there is sparial vari-ation in the population structure more than temporal. Thus, cover and density peak were at different months ineach tide level studied, the lower tide level shows the high values in cover as well as density. The frond develop-ment was observed in height/width ratio this relation was consistent only in the low tidal zone. Size class distribu-tion has consistently small size plants in both tide levels.Reproduction was seasonal in the tide channel but in both tide levels all the reproductive plants were tetrasporophyte. Our results suggest that this population is pseudopere-nial and it strongly as a consequence of the intense competition in the intertidal zone.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1507-1519
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• 2020

Objective: The current research was aimed to profile the transcriptomic picture of the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) associated with immunity in Chinese Holsteins supplemented orally with coated folic acid during the periparturient period. Methods: The total of 123 perinatal cows were selected for this study and divided into three groups; group A (n = 41, 240 mg/500 kg cow/d), group B (n = 40, 120 mg/500 kg cow/d) and group C (n = 42, 0 mg/cow/d) based on the quantity of folic acid fed. Three samples of PBLs were selected from each folic acid treated group (high, low, and control) and RNA sequencing method was carried out for transcriptomic analysis. Results: The analysis revealed that a higher number of genes and pathways were regulated in response to high and low folic acid supplementation compared to the controls. We reported the novel pathways tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, antigen processing and presentation, Staphylococcus aureus infection and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B signaling pathways) and the key genes (e.g. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, TNF receptor superfamily member 1A, cluster difference 4, major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta, NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha, and TNF superfamily 13) having great importance in immunity and anti-inflammation in the periparturient cows in response to coated folic acid treatment. Conclusion: Collectively, our study profiled first-time transcriptomic analysis of bovine lymphocytes and compared the involved cytokines, genes, and pathways between high vs control and low vs control. Our data suggest that the low folic acid supplementation (120 mg/500 kg) could be a good choice to boost appropriate immunity and anti-inflammation as well as might being applied to the health improvement of perinatal dairy cows.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2008

Bombina orientalis, or Korean fire-bellied toad is belonging to Class Amphinia, Order Anura, Family Bombinatoridae, Genus Bombina. Ecological characteristics, such as small size, slow moving and swimming, gentle attitude to other species, under laboratory and/or wild condition lead the toad as suitable experimental animals with easy handling. Seasonal reproductive biology except breeding season (usually from Apr. to late Jun.) are unknown still caused by sampling methods for hibernating specimens have not been established yet. Most species of amphibian, include B. orientalis, are declined around the world related with global warming, therefore, wild caught specimen for any purposes must be limited controled soon. Even though, some pre-studies of biotope for increasing biodiversity have been reported, construction of an artificial biotope to get natural breeding cycling specimen for study of amphibian reproduction is unique modelling and only trial. In an effort to set year-round sampling for study of reproduction of B. orientalis, we suggest protocols for planning, construction manual and SOP(Standard Operation Process) to manage amphibian biotope. During pilot operation of a designed and constructed biotope, the seasonal acclimation during winter hibernation of B. orientalis were successful. It will be helpful for studying the reproductive biology of wild amphibians in temperate region and allow to get reasonable research conditions in amphibian laboratory.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.975-984
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• 2021

Objective: Inbreeding depression of reproduction is a major concern in the conservation of native chicken genetic resources. Here, based on the successful development of strongly inbred (Sinb) and weakly inbred (Winb) Langshan chickens, we aimed to evaluate inbreeding effects on reproductive traits and identify candidate genes involved in inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chickens. Methods: A two-sample t-test was performed to estimate the differences in phenotypic values of reproductive traits between Sinb and Winb chicken groups. Three healthy chickens with reproductive trait values around the group mean values were selected from each of the groups. Differences in ovarian and hypothalamus transcriptomes between the two groups of chickens were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Results: The Sinb chicken group showed an obvious inbreeding depression in reproduction, especially for traits of age at the first egg and egg number at 300 days (p<0.01). Furthermore, 68 and 618 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the hypothalamus and ovary between the two chicken groups, respectively. In the hypothalamus, DEGs were mainly enriched in the pathways related to vitamin metabolism, signal transduction and development of the reproductive system, such as the riboflavin metabolism, Wnt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, including stimulated by retinoic acid 6, serpin family F member 1, secreted frizzled related protein 2, Wnt family member 6, and frizzled class receptor 4 genes. In the ovary, DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways associated with basic metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. A series of key DEGs involved in folate biosynthesis (gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1), oocyte meiosis and ovarian function (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1, structural maintenance of chromosomes 1B, and speedy/RINGO cell cycle regulator family member A), spermatogenesis and male fertility (prostaglandin D2 synthase 21 kDa), Mov10 RISC complex RNA helicase like 1, and deuterosome assembly protein 1) were identified, and these may play important roles in inbreeding depression in reproduction. Conclusion: The results improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inbreeding depression in chicken reproduction and provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of species resources.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.96-106
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• 2016

Purpose: Stress distribution and mandible distortion during lateral movements are known to be closely linked to bruxism, dental implant placement, and temporomandibular joint disorder. The present study was performed to determine stress distribution and distortion patterns of the mandible during lateral movements in Class I, II, and III relationships. Methods: Five Korean volunteers (one normal, two Class II, and two Class III occlusion cases) were selected. Finite element (FE) modeling was performed using information from cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans of the subjects' skulls, scanned images of dental casts, and incisor movement captured by an optical motion-capture system. Results: In the Class I and II cases, maximum stress load occurred at the condyle of the balancing side, but, in the Class III cases, the maximum stress was loaded on the condyle of the working side. Maximum distortion was observed on the menton at the midline in every case, regardless of loading force. The distortion was greatest in Class III cases and smallest in Class II cases. Conclusions: The stress distribution along and accompanying distortion of a mandible seems to be affected by the anteroposterior position of the mandible. Additionally, 3-D modeling of the craniofacial skeleton using CBCT and an optical laser scanner and reproduction of mandibular movement by way of the optical motion-capture technique used in this study are reliable techniques for investigating the masticatory system.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.632-642
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• 2013

Legacy preferences has become the key issue of educational policy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition of university students and parents about legacy preferences. The questionnaire which was made by researcher of this study was used as the method of this study. As a sampling, university students 360 and parents 312 were sampled. And SPSSWIN 20.0 was used as the method of data analysis. As a conclusion, this study indicates as follows. First, the ratio of disagreement of legacy preferences was higher than the ratio of agreement of legacy preferences. But higher-income class parents were tended to agree with legacy preferences. Second, many university students and parents regarded 'economic advantages for tuition payments and a scholarship', 'excellences for education by helping financial deficit of university' as agreement reasons of legacy preferences. And many university students and parents regarded 'reproduction of social class', 'promotion of one's sense of values of mammonism' as disagreement reasons of legacy preferences.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2000

In evolutionary algorithm, there exist various models for the evolution of the population with respect to schemes and strategies for reproduction. In the application of the algorithm to a specific problem, one model suitable to the problem is to be properly chosen and a program expert or a software is needed to help implement and test a designed algorithm. In this study, abject oriented modeling and the class library for simple evolutionary algorithms(SEA) with one population is developed. The library proposed here can be used as a generalized tool for solving problems in a wide range of domains.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.485-506
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze of the effect in Mathematics Teachers beliefs on their students beliefs by Latent Class Regression Model (LCRM). For this analysis, the study used the findings and surveys of Kang, Hong (2020) who developed a belief profile by analyzing the mathematical beliefs of 60 high school teachers and 1,850 second-year high school students learning from them through the Latent Class Analysis (LCA). As a result It was observed that 'Nature of Mathematics', 'Mathematic Teaching' and 'Mathematical Ability' of mathematics teachers beliefs influence the mathematical beliefs of students. The teacher's belief of 'Nature of Mathematics' statistically significant effects on students' beliefs in 'School Mathematics', 'Problem Solving', 'Mathematics Learning'. The teacher's belief of 'Teaching Mathematics', 'Mathematical Ability' statistically significant effects on students' beliefs in 'School Mathematics', 'Problem Solving', 'Self-Concept'. The results of this study can give a preview of the phenomenon in which teacher's mathematical beliefs are reproduced into student's mathematical beliefs. In addition, the results of observation of this study can be used to the contents that can achieve the purpose of reorientation for mathematics teachers.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.503-512
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• 2024

This study examines the essays of academic background, written by students from a university, which is classified into prestigious universities in Korean society. By Latent Dirichlet Allocation, 172 essays were analyzed to explore the students' perspectives of the academic fractionalism. The analysis identified five topics such as, functional aspects (Topic 1), double-edged nature (Topic 2), power communities (Topic 3), symbols of victory (Topic 4), and dysfunctional aspects (Topic 5). The most frequently appearing keywords are 'individual,' 'status,' and 'means' in Topic 1, 'definition,' 'school,' and 'meaning' in Topic 2, 'people,' 'origin,' and 'power' in Topic 3, 'university,' 'ability,' and 'effort' in Topic 4, and 'academic achievement,' 'South Korea,' and 'origin' in Topic 5. By exploring the topics, we found that students regarded class reproduction by education as important social issues and they showed little interest in other factors influencing academic fractionalism, such as race or ethnicity. these findings suggest that professars, who teach the impact of education on academic fractionalism, deal with the influence of diverse factors on academic fractionalism.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.31 no.1_2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2013

In this paper we have developed a mathematical model of alcohol abuse. It consists of four compartments corresponding to four population classes, namely, moderate and occasional drinkers, heavy drinkers, drinkers in treatment and temporarily recovered class. Basic reproduction number $R_0$ has been determined. Sensitivity analysis of $R_0$ identifies ${\beta}_1$, the transmission coefficient from moderate and occasional drinker to heavy drinker, as the most useful parameter to target for the reduction of $R_0$. The model is locally asymptotically stable at disease free or problem free equilibrium (DFE) $E_0$ when $R_0$ < 1. It is found that, when $R_0$ = 1, a backward bifurcation can occur and when $R_0$ > 1, the endemic equilibrium $E^*$ becomes stable. Further analysis gives the global asymptotic stability of DFE. Our aim of this analysis is to identify the parameters of interest for further study with a view for informing and assisting policy-makers in targeting prevention and treatment resources for maximum effectiveness.