• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.154-160
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• 2014

Purpose: The efficiency of an anchor plate placed during orthognathic surgery via minimal presurgical orthodontic treatment was evaluated by analyzing the mandibular relapse rate and dental changes. Methods: The subjects included nine patients with Class III malocclusion who had bilateral sagittal split osteotomy at the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry in Ajou University Hospital, after minimal presurgical orthodontic treatment. During orthognathic surgery, anchor plates were placed at both maxillary buttresses. The anchor plates were used to move maxillary teeth backward and for maximum anchorage of Class III elastics to minimize mandibular relapse during the postoperative orthodontic treatment. The lateral cephalometric X-ray was taken preoperatively (T0), postoperatively (T1), and one year after the surgery (T2). Seven measurements (distance from Pogonion to line Nasion-Nasion perpendicular [Pog-N Per.], angle of line B point-Nasion and Nasion-Sella [SNB], angle of line maxilla 1 root-maxilla 1 crown and Nasion-Sella [U1 to SN], distance from maxilla 1 crown to line A point-Nasion [U1 to NA], overbite, overjet, and interincisal angle) were taken. Measurements at T0 to T1 and T1 to T2 were compared and differences tested by standard statistical methods. Results: The mean skeletal change was posterior movement by $13.87{\pm}4.95mm$ based on pogonion from T0 to T1, and anterior movement by $1.54{\pm}2.18mm$ from T1 to T2, showing relapse of about 10.2%. There were significant changes from T0 to T1 for both Pog-N Per. and SNB (P<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant changes from T1 to T2 for both Pog-N Per. and SNB. U1 to NA that represents the anterior-posterior changes of maxillary incisor did not differ from T0 to T1, yet there was a significant change from T1 to T2 (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study found that the anchor plate minimizes mandibular relapse and moves the maxillary teeth backward during the postoperative orthodontic treatment. Thus, we conclude that the anchor plate is clinically very useful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.578-584
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• 2004

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a rare cardiac anomaly and a long-term survival after surgical treatment has not been well established. This study was designed to evaluate the long-term surgical results after the repair of sinus Valsalva aneurysm. Material and Method: From April 1991 to November 2003, 35 patients (23 male, 12 female, mean age 35.2 years, range 11∼64) underwent operation for sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. Twenty six patients (74.3%) were in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III∼IV before surgery. In preoperative echocardiogram, mean EF was 63.32 $\pm$ 11.43% and nine patients (25.7%) were in AR grade III∼IV. Direct closure, patch closure of ruptured sinus Valsalva were performed in fourteen patients (46.7%), sixteen patients (53.3%) respectively. Aortic valve replacement, valvuloplasty were performed in five patients (14.3%), three patients (8.6%) respectively. Three patients (8.6%) underwent the Bentall procedure. Concomitant procedures were performed in 15 patients (42.9%), which were closure of VSD and ASD. Mean CPB time and ACC time were 116.79 $\pm$ 38.79 and 81.2 $\pm$ 28.97 minutes. Result: There was no operative mortality. One patient (2.9%) developed complete heart block that required a permanent pacemaker implantation. Three patients (8.6%) required reoperation due to a recurred rupture of the sinus Valsalva aneurysm and developed aortic insufficiency. Mean follow-up time was 58.55 $\pm$ 38.38 months. There was one late death. Actuarial 5 year freedom rate from reoperation was 87.1 $\pm$ 7%. Conclusion: Surgical treatment for sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is safe and has satisfactory long-term results.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.3 s.92
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• pp.185-194
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• 2002

When treating borderline cases which have mild crowding, non-extraction treatment may be considered firstly. But crowding may be reappeared by relapse and it may have problems in esthetics and stability. Secondarily four first premolar extraction treatment may be considered. But this may cause dish-in face by overretracting anterior teeth. In this cases, extraction of four second premolar is preferred because this resolves crowding without aggravating profile and has good stability after treatment. So we review cases treated by four second premolar extraction which show good treatment results and stability. The patients had good profile, Class I molar relationship, mild crowding and skeletal discrepancy and their growth had almost completed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.5 s.70
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• pp.865-875
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the angle formed by the Sella-Nasion(SN) plane and Frankfort-Horizontal(FH) plane and evaluate the correlation and difference of the FH plane to other horizontal reference planes. Through this study we hope to present a basis for selecting a horizontal reference plae which can be implemented in cephalometric studies and in surgical orthodontic treatment planning. 600 subjects were chosen following a clinical examination md lateral cephlometric X-rays were taken. According to cephalometric analysis the subjects were classified into 3 groups , Skeletal Class I malocclusion or normal occlusion group(male 50, female 50), Skeletal Class II malocclusion group(male 50, female 65) and Skeletal Class III malocclusion group(male 50, female 50). The results were as follows. 1. The angle formed by the SN plane and FH plane showed no difference among the malocclusion groups, but there was a significant sex difference. For males the angle measured was $7.47^{\circ}{\pm}2.40^{\circ}$ whereas for females it was $8.93^{\circ}{\pm}2.72^{\circ}$. 2. The angle formed by the SN plane or FH plane and Mandibular plane was higher in females for all malocclusion groups. This angle in the Skeletal Class I malocclusion group was lower than in the other two groups. 3. There was no difference among the sexes or malocclusion groups considering the angle formed by the FH plane and Palatal plane. 4. The genial angle in the Skeletal Class III malocclusion group was higher than in the Skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion groups in both sexes.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.360-367
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to perform three-dimensional (3D) assessment of facial soft tissue in patients with skeletal Class III and mandibular asymmetry after orthognathic surgery. Methods: Samples consisted of 3D facial images obtained from five patients with A point-nasion-B point angle less than 2 degrees, and more than 5 mm of menton deviation. All patients had been treated at Gangneung-Wonju National University Dental Hospital from 2009 to 2012. They had undergone orthognathic surgery of Lefort I, and sagittal split osteotomy for correction of skeletal deformity, and orthodontic treatment. Facial scanning was performed before treatment (T1) and post-surgical orthodontic treatment (T2). Linear and angle variables of soft tissue landmarks, antero-posterior facial depth, and facial volume were measured. Results: No significant differences in width of the alar base, mouth width, and nasal canting were observed between T1 and T2. However, lip deviation, menton deviation, alar canting, lip canting, and menton deviation angle were significantly reduced at T2. Antero-posterior facial depth on the axial plane parallel to the left cheilion was significantly reduced on the deviated side and significantly increased on the non-deviated side at T2. Volume of the lower lateral and lower medial parts of the face was reduced on the deviated side, and volume of upper lateral and lower lateral parts on the non-deviated side was significantly increased at T2. Conclusion: After orthognathic surgery, facial asymmetry of soft tissue was improved following skeletal changes, especially the mandibular region. Although the length of the alar base and mouth width did not change, lip and soft tissue menton were displaced to the medial side after treatment. Facial depth also became symmetric after treatment. Facial volume showed a decrease on the lower part of the deviated side and that on lateral parts of the non-deviated side showed an increase after treatment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.568-573
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• 2002

The purpose of study was to investigate the caries activity factors of children during orthodontic treatment. Fifty children with fixed or removable intraoral orthodontic appliances were examined for their Cariostat caries activity test scores, gender, age, duration of treatment, appliance type, treatment site, Angle's classification of malocclusion, and the number of teeth with caries experience. The mean age of the high caries activity group was significantly higher than that of the low caries activity group(P<0.01). The duration of treatment of the high caries activity group was longer than that of the low caries activity group, but the difference was not significant(P>0.05). The fixed appliance group showed higher caries activity than the removable appliance group(P<0.01). The caries activity of Angle Class III group was lower than that of Angle Class I group, not significant statistically(P>0.05). The number of teeth with caries experience in the high caries activity group was lower than that in the low caries activity group, not significant statistically(P>0.05).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2012

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the current data regarding age, sex, and Angle Classification of Korean orthodontic patients and influence of these factors on the tendency to undergo extraction and orthognathic surgery. Methods: The recent trends of Korean orthodontic patients were assessed using questionnaire survey. The questionnaires were e-mailed to orthodontists who met the study criteria; 58% of the orthodontists opened the e-mails, and 27.7% replied to the e-mails. In all, the medical records of 11,340 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment at private clinics and small dental hospitals in Korea were analyzed. Results: The percentage of female patients in the study sample was 69.6%, and the average age of the patients was 19.87 years. The percentage of patients who were older than 19 years was 50.2%. Class II and Class III malocclusions were noted in 33.6% and 23.6% of patients, respectively. Extraction and orthognathic surgery were performed in 60.4% and 6.9% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: The results showed that there were a high percentage of adult, Class II malocclusion and extraction patients in private practices and small dental hospitals during the study period. Further, a relatively high proportion of adult patients opted to undergo orthognathic surgery.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 1993

There are many patients who complain of shoulder pain with stiffness. Sadly these patients are often neglected by many physicians. An effective treatment is necessary in clinical practice. In our pain clinic, the fifty patients who were diagnosed frozen shoulder were randomly selected and followed up from Oct. 1992 to Mar. 1993. Important factors affecting outcome include; time from onset of pain and stiffness until treatment, initial severity of the pain and stiffness. We found that appropriate treatment led overall to improved patient satisfaction. The results are as follows. For patients treated within 3 weeks of syndrome occurrence, the recovery rate was in excess of 80%. But, if the patients had suffered for more than 6 months prior to treatment, the recovery rate was below 70%. For problems present in excess of six years only slight improvement was observed. These patients were difficult to manage. If the condition of patients was class I, the recovery rate was 94.4%. But in the cases of class III, only 25% of patients were recovered. From our results, we believe that early treatment is the best choice in management of frozen shoulder patients.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluated the process of model analysis, design, and production for a full mouth prosthetic rehabilitation of function, esthetics, and pronunciation. Methods: This is a case report of class III malocclusion with a severe anterior incisor occlusion and a prosthetic treatment of patient with poor occlusion of posterior teeth. A provisional restoration based on the diagnostic wax-up was applied to the patient. And then functions, esthetics, and occlusal stability were observed during 4 week tracking period. Final restorations were delivered and evaluated based on a systematic analysis, diagnosis and treatment plan. Results: We confirms that this case study obtained the satisfactory results in terms of functions and esthetics. Conclusion : If we can give the patient the continuous evaluation and progress monitoring, we expect the dentist and the dental technician to design the prosthesis successfully.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.249-254
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• 1984

This is a case report of Crouzon's disease as a kind of craniofacial dysostosis by premature closure of unilateral coronal suture, showed plagiocephalic skull. 5-year-old boy was visited for the treatment of dental caries and oral examination. Physical examination showed hypertelorism, internal strabismus, and saddle nose. Intraoral radiographs showed congenital missing of upper right and left deciduous and permanent lateral incisors. Cephalometric analysis showed shortening the posterior cranial base length, clockwise growth pattern and class III and open bite tendency. Posterior-anterior and submentovertex view showed multiple radiolucencies-digital impression on inner surface of cranial vault. Maxillo-facial and neuro-surgical treatment was required to improvement of facial esthetics and optic complications. Continuous examination was needed to the growth and development.