• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to define the primary factors obstructing the bus services that play an important part in mass transportation in almost the cities, and then to develop the models for travelling speed. To define the primary factors, two video cameras were used in this study, one for speed meter, the other for traffic condition, from which time-speed graphs were made. In the graphs, the gaps between road regulation speed and travelling speed were analyzed by monitor analysis. After this, primary delay factors were classified by quantification theory type I. and then to develop the models for travelling speed, stepwise analysis was used.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2015

Most data used for urban planning is aggregated by administrative district. Thus, a fundamental limit to analysing the changes of micro-geographical units exists. The object of this study is to estimate spatial development patterns based on characteristic city indicators. Gangnam, an area that was analysed, was divided into hexagon polygons. The development density and characteristic city indicators were input into each polygon. Moreover, this study analysed the influence of characteristic city indicators on development density using multinomial regression analysis. According to the results, distance between a polygon and both a road and a bus stop led to a decrease of development density in the polygon. However, distance between a polygon and a river led to an increase of development intensity. The method of this analysis and the results can be used to disaggregate the zonal data in the urban planing area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6D
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• pp.541-552
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• 2010

The light rail transit (LRT) having bus lines as subsystem is being constructed or planned in the suburban area of metropolitans and medium size cities. However, there is difficulty in establishing the service coverage (SC) of the LRT because the LRT is a completely new transit mode in Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data and techniques to be used for establishing the SC of the future LRT by understanding the SC characteristics of buses and subways and building models to estimate the walking distances of their users. Busan City is selected as the study city and the SC's of buses and subways are surveyed simultaneously. A total of 9 variables for 82 stations are collected and the cluster analysis is conducted about the variables. The station areas are divided to three types of CBD (Central Business District), sub-CBD and regional center based on the analysis. A station in each area is selected as the study station. At the walking distance (WD) analysis for each mode, the 80 percentile WD of the subway is 672 m and that of the bus is 472 m. In comparing the SC's of both modes by the type of station areas, there are not significant differences between the SC's of sub-CBD and regional center except CBD. At analysis of the relationship between the personal attributes and the WD, for subway users the WD of female is longer than that of male and apartment residents use subway more positively than single house residents do. For the models to estimate the walking distances, the simple regression models were built employing the income as independent variable by dividing the stations into CBD abd non-CBD stations.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.5 s.347
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• pp.51-58
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• 2006

A variety of systems have been attempted for effective urban management. In this paper we introduce the Integrated Urban Management System (IUMS), which consists mainly of an optical line terminal (OLT), optical network terminals (ONTs) and wireless access points (APs), by combining passive optical network (PON) and radio over fiber (RoF) technologies so as to take advantage of both systems. Further, several IUMS services such as a disaster detection and prevention system (DDPS), a bus information system (BIS) and a real time location system (RTLS) we demonstrated in order to verify the employment of IUMS for the realization of a future ubiquitous city (U-city).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1393-1399
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• 2007

This research helps you understand the road traffic noise levels by using a noise map. We have observed the change of the road traffic noise levels around $07:00{\sim}08:30\;and\;22:00{\sim}23:00$ using the noise map in the city. The road traffic noise level is very high both at noon and at night around a beltway and an interchange that is linked with a highway. It seems that the main route of so many vehicles, which are at neighboring cities such as N city and D and H districts and which avoid traffic jams in the city, is the beltway and interchange. The road traffic noise level of a nearby express bus terminal, railroad station, and airport is more than 75 dB at noon and 65 dB at night. The road traffic noise level of G city at night is observed to be more than 55 dB. The noise levels of a residence area and a university are higher than a road with high noise levels when the commuters drive to work. The end of the day exceeds 11 o'clock because of a culture level of development that arouses spare time, eating out, adults' drinking culture, nightlife of the youth, etc. Therefore, the road traffic noise level is high during late night hours, and it exceeds regulatory guidelines(55 dB(A)). It also damages the residence area that is located near the road.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2000

Trade areas of the commercial centers in Chongiu City are rapidly changing as the urban spacial structure is transformed, consumer behaviors are changed and large shopping stores are located in the area. The City's CBD has been in the Sung-an-gil district. The trade areas of the CBD have expanded along the major roads in the directions of north, south and west from the Sang-dang park. Especially, two newly formed secondary commercial centers are noticeable: one is the center around the express bus terminal in Gagyong-dong, and the other is formed in the Yongam, Bunpyong and Sannam district. As such changes are intensified, small retailers in the traditional markets that are mainly concentrated in the Yukgerri market place have faced hardship in business and management. The commercial hardship has been hastened up by openings of large discount stores and expanding tendency of internet shopping businesses. Acknowledging the changes in the business environment of traditional markets, this paper attempts to suggest policies to gentrificate the declining market areas in the CBD. The suggested polices are differentiated according to the types of traditional markets, stores. and merchants. And also suggestion is provided regarding amendments of the City's codes.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.55-63
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• 2020

Recently, people have come to enjoy using movies and music applications, such as YouTube, Netflix, and Watcha Play, on their smart devices while riding public transportation. However, they sometimes miss their destination stations because of these activities. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a disembarking notification system for public city buses using smart devices and high frequencies generated via the buses' speakers. The high frequencies are generated by the public buses' station information broadcasters. Smart devices then analyze the high-frequency signals with their inner microphones, and the proposed application displays a disembarking notification to the user when the user's destination or stop-over station's signal is the same. To evaluate this system's performance, we tested 1,000 real-time disembarking notifications, and the test results showed 98.9% accuracy. Moreover, we compared these results to those using only OpenAPI, and our proposed system featured far better outcomes. Thus, this proposed notification system can prove a useful technology for many people who often use public city buses, as it can notify specific users of their destination stations. Furthermore, this system will become innovative technology for global public transportation by informing users of their desired stations using speakers.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2010

Today, our country is experiencing serious graying without parallel. The government is executing various services and welfare policies to solve this problem using ubiquitous technology. But the old and disabled people are not good for using the u-service and system, because it is made for ordinary people. The purpose of this study is to solve the graying society-problem and improve the eldery as well as disabled's quality of life by integrating each information centers based on ESB(Enterprise Service Bus). The results of this study can be divided by system architecture and communication system for the eldery and disabled. The research development results of this study can be used to build the integrated information center for u-service of the old people and disabled. It will contribute to realizing the Ubiquitous-society by promotion of young people's quality of life as well as the eldery and disabled.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.273-286
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• 2013

Recently, due to problems with subway and bus operations, a need has emerged for a solution such as the introduction of an Advanced Transit System. In several municipalities, systems have been introduced using light rail as AGT urban aesthetics construction. There is high inhibition and civil cases are delayed by more environmentally friendly and accessible remedies. For the purpose of this study, Changwon city would be transformed to have an environmentally friendly transportation system such as a tram with an overview. Features, advantages, and disadvantages are analyzed, and systems are established the existing public transport routes by transfer system. Changwon city's tram plan is first step in open in year 2018, and second step with the opening goal of the year 2021, and the total line length of 33.9 km, the station will be built in the 38 locations. and also in 2011 a feasibility study, evaluated a low economic as B/C to 0.88, but it evaluated the high value of the policy analysis as AHP to 0.502. However, introduction of a tram project that should precede the as following condition. The first step in Changwon city's tram plan would be as follows : The introduction of the tram system would demand traffic management along with a restructuring of the bus system, and the tram system would be selected for domestic realities. Secondly, the introduction of trams would comprehend the advanced traffic composition in accordance with the consensus of the citizenship, and a legal system should be established for the introduction of the trams.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2016

With approximately 20 million transportation card data entries of the metropolitan districts being generated per day, application of the data to management and policy interventions is becoming an issue of interest. The research herein attempts a model of the possibility of dynamic demand change predictions and its purpose is thereby to construct a Dynamic Passengers Trip Assignment Model. The model and algorithm created are targeted at city rail lines operated by seven different transport facilities with the exclusion of travel by bus, as passenger movements by this mode can be minutely disaggregated through card tagging. The model created has been constructed in continuous time as is fitting to the big data characteristic of transport card data, while passenger path choice behavior is effectively represented using a perception parameter as a function of increasing number of transfers. Running the model on 800 pairs of metropolitan city rail data has proven its capability in determining dynamic demand at any moment in time, in line with the typical advantages expected of a continuous time-based model. Comparison against data measured by the eye of existing rail operating facilities to assess changes in congestion intensity shows that the model closely approximates the values and trends of the existing data with high levels of confidence. Future research efforts should be directed toward continued examination into construction of an integrated bus-city rail system model.