• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1341-1350
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 국내산 감귤과즙을 이용하여 고기능성 세균 셀룰로오스를 대량생산하기 위해 감귤과즙으로부터 감귤 내성의 Gluconacetobacter hansenii TL-2C를 선별한 후 pilot 시설을 이용하여 감귤겔을 대량 생산할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 유기산의 약 80%가 citric acid로 내성균의 분리가 부득이한 것으로 판정되어, 겔 발효균의 모체인 tea fungus에서 G. hanenii TF-2를 분리, 여기에 UV를 조사하여 TL-2를 분리한 후, 감귤배지에서 반복배양하여 citrate내성균인 G. hansenii TL-2C를 분리하였다. 감귤농축액 100배 희석액에 initial sucrose 함량 10%(w/v), ethanol 1%(v/v) 을 첨가한 배양액에 종균을 5%(w/v)접종하였다. 대형 4각의 FRP 용기에 뚜껑을 덮고 과즙의 높이를 26 mm로 충진하였으며, $30^{\circ}C$ 배양실에서 14일간 정치배양한 후 세로 360 mm,가로 650 mm, 두께 25 mm 이상의 대형 겔을 지속적으로 생산할 수 있었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.833-838
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• 2013

양조용 곰팡이 12균주에 대하여 WEB(wheat extract broth), PDB(potato dextrose broth), MEB(malt extract broth) 배지에서의 배양특성 및 전분분해 효소 활성을 조사하였다. PDB 배지에서의 균체 생산량은 1.26(R. oryzae KACC 45741)~4.80(A. oryzae KACC 46959) g/100 mL로 WEB, MEB 배지보다 각각 2.3~9.2배, 1.7~14.6배 낮았다. A. oryzae의 경우, 상업유통 균주인 Suwon, CF1001, CF1003 균주들이 야생 균주인 KACC 46421, KACC 46423, KACC 46424, KACC 46959보다 건조 균체량이 높았다. Rhizopus sp.의 산 생성량은 WEB, PDB, MEB 배지에서 각각 0.12~0.47, 0.22~1.0, 0.16~0.68%(as lactic acid)이었으며, A. oryzae는 0.06~0.11, 0.03~0.04, 0.06~0.08%(as citric acid) 범위이었다. 전분분해효소 활성은 Rhizopus sp.의 경우, R. delemer KACC 46419 균주만 WEB와 MEB에서 각각 0.013 U, 0.019 U의 활성을 보인 반면, A. oryzae의 효소 활성은 WEB, PDB, MEB 배지에서 각각 0.019~0.037, 0.017~0.033, 0.028~0.046 U 범위였다. 결론적으로 액체 종국용 배지는 균체 생산성이 비교적 우수하였고, 효소활성이 높았던 MEB 배지를 사용하는 것이 유리한 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1724-1734
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• 2010

A phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strain isolated from Hippophae rhamnoides rhizosphere was identified as Rahnella sp. based on its phenotypic features and 16S rRNA gene sequence. The bacterial strain showed the growth characteristics of a cold-adapted psychrotroph, with the multiple plant growth-promoting traits of inorganic and organic phosphate solubilization, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-deaminase activity, ammonia generation, and siderophore production. The strain also produced indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-acetaldehyde, indole-3-acetamide, indole-3-acetonitrile, indole-3-lactic acid, and indole-3-pyruvic acid in tryptophan-supplemented nutrient broth. Gluconic, citric and isocitric acids were the major organic acids detected during tricalcium phosphate solubilization. A rifampicin-resistant mutant of the strain exhibited high rhizosphere competence without disturbance to the resident microbial populations in pea rhizosphere. Seed bacterization with a charcoal-based inoculum significantly increased growth in barley, chickpea, pea, and maize under the controlled environment. Microplot testing of the inoculum at two different locations in pea also showed significant increase in growth and yield. The attributes of cold-tolerance, high rhizosphere competence, and broad-spectrum plant growth-promoting activity exhibited the potential of Rahnella sp. BIHB 783 for increasing agriculture productivity.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.301-307
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• 1997

유자의 이용가치를 향상시키기 의하여 유자과즙을 이용하여 식초를 제조하고 그 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유자식초제조의 최적 발효조건은 공시균주로서 Acetobactor sp. PA97, 온도는 3$0^{\circ}C$ 초기 알코올농도는 8% 및 초발산도는 1.5%였다. 유자과즙 농도별 초산발효에서 초산의 생성량은 과즙의 농도가 낮을수록 높게 나타났으며, 부영양원 첨가구가 무첨가구보다 높았다. 부영양원이 첨가되고 유자과즙이 10, 20 및 30%가 첨가된 구에서 총산은 5.42, 5.36 및 5.04%이었고, 순수 초산생성율은 각각 52.69, 45.25 및 35.10%이었다. 잔류알코올은 부영양원 무첨가구가 첨가구보다 많았다. 관능검사 결과 유자원액의 희석비는 30%가 종합적인 점수에서 가장 높아 유자식초 제조시 가장 적당한 희석배수임을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1172-1185
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• 2019

Objective: Meat quality attributes in postmortem muscle tissues depend on skeletal muscle metabolites. The objective of this study was to determine the key metabolic compounds and pathways that are associated with postmortem aging and beef quality in Japanese Black cattle (JB; a Japanese Wagyu breed with highly marbled beef). Methods: Lean portions of Longissimus thoracis (LT: loin) muscle in 3 JB steers were collected at 0, 1, and 14 days after slaughter. The metabolomic profiles of the samples were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by statistical and multivariate analyses with bioinformatics resources. Results: Among the total 171 annotated compounds, the contents of gluconic acid, gluconolactone, spermidine, and the nutritionally vital substances (choline, thiamine, and nicotinamide) were elevated through the course of postmortem aging. The contents of glycolytic compounds increased along with the generation of lactic acid as the beef aging progressed. Moreover, the contents of several dipeptides and 16 amino acids, including glutamate and aromatic and branched-chain amino acids, were elevated over time, suggesting postmortem protein degradation in the muscle. Adenosine triphosphate degradation also progressed, resulting in the generation of inosine, xanthine, and hypoxanthine via the temporal increase in inosine 5'-monophosphate. Cysteine-glutathione disulfide, thiamine, and choline increased over time during the postmortem muscle aging. In the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database, a bioinformatics resource, the postmortem metabolomic changes in LT muscle were characterized as pathways mainly related to protein digestion, glycolysis, citric acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism, pentose phosphate metabolism, nicotinamide metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, purine metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. Conclusion: The compounds accumulating in aged beef were shown to be nutritionally vital substances and flavor components, as well as potential useful biomarkers of aging. The present metabolomic data during postmortem aging contribute to further understanding of the beef quality of JB and other breeds.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2023년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.32-32
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• 2023

Cadmium and salt exposure to crops is considered vulnerable for production as well as consumption. To address these challenges, the current study aimed to mitigate the toxicity induced by salt and cadmium in soybean plants through the application of bacterial strain Bacillus safensis KJW143 isolated from the rhizosphere of oriental melon..The bioassay analysis revealed that KJW143 is a highly salt-tolerant and cadmium-resistant (Cd) strain with an innate ability to produce melatonin, gibberellin (GA3), Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), and organic acids (i.e., acetic, succinic, lactic, and propionic acids). Soybean plants at 20 days old were treated with KJW143 in a different form (pellet, broth, and together) and their effect on plant performance was investigated. Inoculation with KJW143enhanced plant biomass and growth attributes in soybean plants compared to the control (non-treated). In particular, we observed that only pellet-treated showed 65%, 27.5%, and 28.7% increase in growth (shoot fresh weight) compared to broth, broth with pellet, and control. In addition, bacterial strain KJW143 treatment (only pellet) modulated the physiochemical apparatus of soybean plants by increasing glucose (390%), arabinose (166%), citric acid (22.98%) and reducing hydrogen peroxide (29.7%), catalase (32.1%), salicylic acid (25.6%) compared to plants with combined stressed plants (cd and salinity). These findings suggest that bacterial strain KJW143 could be usedas a biofertilizer to minimize the probable risk of heavy metal and salinity stress on crops.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.541-546
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• 2009

전분 분해활성과 알코올 발효능을 모두 보유한 효모융합체 FA776과 알코올 발효능이 우수한 Saccharomyces cerevisiae KOY-1을 각각 이용하여 누룩의 첨가량에 따른 발효주를 제조하여 이화학적 성분분석과 관능검사를 수행하였다. 발효주의 알코올 함량은 K-100와 F-50이 각각 135.0 mg/mL과 119.4 mg/mL으로 확인되었으며, 효모융합체 FA776이 전분을 기질로 하는 배지에서 알코올을 생산한다는 사실은 관찰하였지만, 전분 분해효소의 역가는 실제 약주 담금과정 중의 누룩에서 유래된 전분 분해효소의 역가보다 낮음을 확인하였다. pH는 발효종료시 모든 처리구에서 pH와 산도는 pH 4.3-4.5과 0.47-0.60%로 각각 유지되었다. 효모융합체 FA776을 이용하여 제조한 발효주에서 유기산 함량이 높은 반면, 아미노산 함량은 더 적게 나타났다. 모든 처리구에서 lactic acid와 citric acid의 함량이 높게 관찰되었으며, 특히 S. cerevisiae KOY-1을 사용한 발효주에서는 fumaric acid와 succinic acid가 검출되지 않았고 효모융합체 FA 776을 사용한 발효주에서만 각각 2 g/mL와 60-141 g/mL의 함량이 확인되었다. 발효주의 향기성분은 S. cerevisiae KOY-1을 사용한 발효주보다 효모융합체 FA 776을 사용하였을 때 향기성분의 함량이 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 관능검사에서는 효모융합체 FA 776을 이용하여 제조한 발효주가 종합기호도가 4.00점으로 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 이로써 효모융합체 FA 776을 이용할 때, 기호성이 우수한 발효주로서의 제조 가능성이 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.925-932
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• 2017

Changes in the metabolite profiles of Lactobacillus sakei and its growth media, based on different culture times (0, 6, 12, and 24 h), were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography-MS with partial least squares discriminant analysis, in order to understand the growth characteristics of this organism. Cell and media samples of L. sakei were significantly separated on PLS-DA score plots. Cell and media metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, and organic acids, were identified as major metabolites contributing to the difference among samples. The alteration of cell and media metabolites during cell growth was strongly associated with energy production. Glucose, fructose, carnitine, tryptophan, and malic acid in the growth media were used as primary energy sources during the initial growth stage, but after the exhaustion of these energy sources, L. sakei could utilize other sources such as trehalose, citric acid, and lysine in the cell. The change in the levels of these energy sources was inversely similar to the energy production, especially ATP. Based on these identified metabolites, the metabolomic pathway associated with energy production through lactic acid fermentation was proposed. Although further studies are required, these results suggest that MS-based metabolomic analysis might be a useful tool for understanding the growth characteristics of L. sakei, the most important bacterium associated with meat and vegetable fermentation, during growth.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.528-530
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• 2002

The study was designed to evaluate the seasonal influences on cross-bred cow milk composition and paneer yield in Dhauladhar mountain range of sub-himalayan region. Fifty samples from each season were collected from a herd of $Jersey{\times}Red\;Sindhi{\times}Local$ cross-bred cows during summer (April-June), rainy (July-September) and winter (November-February) and analyzed for fat, total solids (TS) and solids not fat (SNF). Paneer was prepared by curdling milk at $85{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ with 2.5 per cent citric acid solution. Overall mean for fat, TS and SNF content of milk and paneer yield were 4.528, 13.310, 8.754 and 15.218 per cent respectively. SNF and TS content varied among seasons being highest in winter (8.983% and 13.639%) followed by summer (8.835% and 13.403%) and lowest in rainy season (8.444% and 12.888%). Paneer yield was lowest (14.792%) in rainy season and highest (15.501%) in winter season.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1048-1060
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• 2005

Dietary acidifiers appear to be a possible alternative to feed antibiotics in order to improve performance of weaning pigs. It is generally known that dietary acidifiers lower gastric pH, resulting in increased activity of proteolytic enzymes, improved protein digestibility and inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in GI tract. It is also hypothesized that acidifiers could be related to reduction of gastric emptying rate, energy source in intestine, chelation of minerals, stimulation of digestive enzymes and intermediate metabolism. However, the exact mode of action still remains questionable. Organic acidifiers have been widely used for weaning pigs' diets for decades and most common organic acidifiers contain fumaric, citric, formic and/or lactic acid. Many researchers have observed that dietary acidifier supplementation improved growth performance and health status in weaning pigs. Recently inorganic acidifiers as well as organic acidifiers have drawn much attention due to improving performance of weaning pigs with a low cost. Several researchers introduced the use of salt form of acidifiers because of convenient application and better effects than pure state acids. However, considerable variations in results of acidifier supplementation have been reported in response of weaning pigs. The inconsistent responses to dietary acidifiers could be explained by feed palatability, sources and composition of diet, supplementation level of acidifier and age of animals.