• 제목/요약/키워드: Chun-pi

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Analysis and Quantitative Distribution of Glycosided Flavonoids in Citruses and Korean Chung-pi (감귤류와 한국산 청피에 함유된 Glycosided Flavonoids의 분석과 정량적 분포)

  • Baik, S.O.;Bock, J.Y.;Chun, H.J.;Jeong, S.I.;Baek, S.H.;Oh, H.B.;Kim, I.K.
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.340-348
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    • 2001
  • Glycosided flabonoids (naringenin, naringin, narirutin, hesperidin, and hesperetin) in Citrus and Korea Chung-pi were isolated and analyzed with HPLC, GC-mass, UV and high resolution NMR. Contents of glycosided flavonoids were compared according to kinds of Citrus and fruit ripening periods. Major compound of Korean Chung-pi was hesperidin and minors were narirutin and hesperetin. Major compounds of Gisil were naringin, narirutin, naringenin and were narirutin, hesperidin in Gigak. Major compounds of milgam and orange were narirutin, hesperidin, and the contents of glycoside flavonoids decreased according to the age of maturity.

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A Symbol Synchronization Detection by Difference Method for OFDM Systems (차분방법에 의한 OFDM 심볼 동기검출 방식)

  • Joo Chang-Bok;Park Nam-Chun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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    • v.43 no.2 s.344
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    • pp.56-65
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, we introduce modified difference type symbol timing detection method of simple structure and show the relations between S/N ratio and timing detection performance which less influenced by multipath channel delay profile and added noise level and it show very exact GI detection performance characteristics. In the computer simulations, 4 symbol time duration of short and long training of IEEE802.11a standard OFDM frame are used for symbol synchronization timing detection. The computer simulation results show the very exact symbol timing detection performance characteristic within 1 sample error of OFDM signal regardless channel delay profile from minimn phase channels of phase rotation ${\pi}/2$ to non-minimum phase channels of phase rotation ${\pi}/2$ of received OFDM signal and added noise level in channel.

Thrombin-induced Migration and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression Are Regulated by MAPK and PI3K Pathways in C6 Glioma Cells

  • Kim, Ji-Young;Lee, Jae-Won;Kim, Song-In;Choi, Yong-Joon;Lee, Won-Ki;Jeong, Myung-Ja;Cha, Sang-Hoon;Lee, Hee-Jae;Chun, Wan-Joo;Kim, Sung-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.211-216
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    • 2011
  • Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most common and aggressive tumors in central nervous system. It often possesses characteristic necrotic lesions with hemorrhages, which increase the chances of exposure to thrombin. Thrombin has been known as a regulator of MMP-9 expression and cancer cell migration. However, the effects of thrombin on glioma cells have not been clearly understood. In the present study, influences of thrombin on glioma cell migration were examined using Boyden chamber migration assay and thrombin-induced changes in MMP-9 expression were measured using zymography, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blotting. Furthermore, underlying signaling pathways by which thrombin induces MMP-9 expression were examined. Thrombin-induced migration and MMP-9 expression were significantly potentiated in the presence of wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor, whereas MAPK inhibitors suppressed thrombin-induced migration and MMP-9 expression in C6 glioma cells. The present data strongly demonstrate that MAPK and PI3K pathways evidently regulate thrombin-induced migration and MMP-9 expression of C6 glioma cells. Therefore, the control of these pathways might be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for treatment of invasive glioblastoma multiforme.

A Receiver for Dual-Channel CIS Interfaces (이중 채널 CIS 인터페이스를 위한 수신기 설계)

  • Shin, Hoon;Kim, Sang-Hoon;Kwon, Kee-Won;Chun, Jung-Hoon
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.51 no.10
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    • pp.87-95
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    • 2014
  • This paper describes a dual channel receiver design for CIS interfaces. Each channel includes CTLE(Continuous Time Linear Equalizer), sampler, deserializer and clocking circuit. The clocking circuit is composed of PLL, PI and CDR. Fast lock acquisition time, short latency and better jitter tolerance are achieved by adding OSPD(Over Sampling Phase Detector) and FSM(Finite State Machine) to PI-based CDR. The CTLE removes ISI caused by channel with -6 dB attenuation and the lock acquisition time of the CDR is below 1 baud period in frequency offset under 8000ppm. The voltage margin is 368 mV and the timing margin is 0.93 UI in eye diagram using 65 nm CMOS technology.

Effects of Exposure of Propidium Iodide and Bisbenzimide on Differential Staining of Mouse Blastocysts (마우스 배반포 배의 Differential staining에서 Propidium Iodide와 Bisbenzimide의 노출이 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Kee-Sang;Park, Sung-Baek;Lee, Taek-Hoo;Chun, Sang-Sik;Song, Hai-Bum
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.317-322
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    • 2002
  • Objective: These experiments were conducted to investigate the optimal expose length of propidium iodide (PI) and bisbenzimide on differential staining of mouse blastocysts. Materials and methods: A total 964 blastocysts (early${\sim}$hatched) was exposed to PI (n=831) (group I: $\leq$ 10; II: $11{\sim}15$; III: $16{\sim}20$; IV: $\geq$21 sec) and bisbenzimide (n=133) (group A: $\leq$1; B: $1{\sim}$3; C: $\geq$ 4 hr) in several periods for differential staining. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test with SigmaPlot-2001. P-values < 0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. Results: In case of PI exposure, differential staining rates were significantly higher (p<0.05) in group I (89.8%) than in any others (group II: 77.6%; III: 29.6%; IV: 22.2%) and higher (p<0.05) in group II than in group III and IV. In case of bisbenzimide exposure, differential staining rates were not statistically differences in three groups (group A: 97.4%; B: 87.8%; C: 93.3%). Conclusion: The differential staining rates of mouse blastocysts are not affected by the exposure length of bisbenzimide. However, blastocysts were exposed to PI with period of shorter than 15 sec show best outcomes of differential staining rates.

Effect of Coupling Agent, Methylene Diisocyanate, in the Blending of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Modified Starch and Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트)-개질된 전분과 스티렌-부타디엔 고무의 혼합에서 커플링제 메틸렌 디이소시아네이트의 효과)

  • Li, Mei-Chun;Cho, Ur Ryong
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.117-126
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    • 2014
  • Methylene diisocyanate (MDI) was investigated as a novel interfacial modifier to enhance the performances of poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified starch/styrene-butadiene rubber (PMMA-modified starch/SBR) composites. Owing to the formation urethane linkage on one side and ${\pi}-{\pi}$ adhesion on the other side, MDI acted as an intermediated linkage role in the PMMA-modified starch/SBR interfaces, which was evidenced by the morphological, mechanical, dynamic mechanical and thermal decomposition studies. As a result, the presence of MDI significantly improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites. In addition, the effect of starch concentration on the various performances of the resulted MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites, such as morphology, vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, toluene swelling behavior, and thermal stability were investigated and discussed in detail. The obtained MDI/PMMA-modified starch/SBR composites exhibited superior mechanical properties to carbon black/SBR (CB/SBR) composites, demonstrating the potential use of the renewable starch as a substitute for CB in the rubber compounds.

Immune Responses of Mice Intraduodenally Infected with Toxoplasma gondii KI-1 Tachyzoites

  • Shin, Eun-Hee;Chun, Yeoun-Sook;Kim, Won-Hee;Kim, Jae-Lip;Pyo, Kyoung-Ho;Chai, Jong-Yil
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.115-123
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    • 2011
  • Toxoplasma gondii Korean isolate (KI-1) tachyzoites were inoculated intraduodenally to BALB/c mice using a silicon tube, and the course of infection and immune responses of mice were studied. Whereas control mice, that were infected intraperitoneally, died within day 7 post-infection (PI), the intraduodenally infected mice survived until day 9 PI (infection with $1{\times}10^5$ tachyzoites) or day 11 PI (with $1{\times}10^6$ tachyzoites). Based on histopathologic (Giemsa stain) and PCR (B1 gene) studies, it was suggested that tachyzoites, after entering the small intestine, invaded into endothelial cells, divided there, and propagated to other organs. PCR appeared to be more sensitive than histopathology to detect infected organs and tissues. The organisms spread over multiple organs by day 6 PI. However, proliferative responses of splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells in response to con A or Toxoplasma lysate antigen decreased significantly, suggesting immunosuppression. Splenic $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ T-Iymphocytes showed decreases in number until day 9 PI, whereas IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-10 decreased slightly at day 6 PI and returned to normal levels by day 9 PI. No TNF-${\alpha}$ was detected throughout the experimental period. The results showed that intraduodenal infection with KI-1 tachyzoites was successful but did not elicit significant mucosal immunity in mice and allowed dissemination of T. gondii organisms to systemic organs. The immunosuppression of mice included reduced lymphoproliferative responses to splenocytes and MLN cells to mitogen and low production of cytokines, such as IFN-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-10, in response to T. gondii infection.

Introduction of Integral Controller and Its Tuning for the improvements of AGC performance (자동발전제어(AGC) 제어 성능 개선을 위한 비례적분제어기의 도입 및 튜닝)

  • Ko, Dong-Wook;Kim, Jung-Woo;Chun, Yeong-Han
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2006.07a
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    • pp.288-289
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    • 2006
  • Conventional AGC controller implemented by considering ACE and bias factors always contains error terms due to inaccuracy of bias factors. To improve this steady state AGC performance, PI controller can be introduced to the ACE processing and plant controller part. Even though more rigorous inspections are required, a simple application shows that it can be very useful for the improvements of AGC performances.

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Improvement of the Growth and Fruit Quality of Mini Watermelons Grafted onto Rootstocks of the Wild Watermelon Accessions (소형과 수박의 생육과 과실 품질 증진을 위한 야생종 수박 대목 이용)

  • Jang, Yoonah;Moon, Ji Hye;An, Sewoong;Kim, Sang Gyu;Huh, Yun Chan;Lee, Hee Ju;Wi, Seung Hwan;Chun, Hee
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.438-446
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    • 2019
  • The interest in mini watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) with small fruits weighing 2-3 kg has increased by the increasing trend in one-person households and consequent tendency to consume small meals. Watermelon grafting onto cucurbit rootstocks is a very effective way to control soil-borne diseases, such as Fusarium wilt; however, this practice negatively impacts the fruit quality. This study was conducted to investigate the growth, fruit set, and fruit quality of mini watermelon grafted onto wild watermelon accessions (Citrullus spp.) resistant to Fusarium wilt. Five watermelon accessions (Galactica, IT 208441, PI 482322, PI 500303, and PI 593358) were evaluated as rootstocks for the mini watermelon "Ministar". Non-grafted "Ministar" and "Ministar" grafted onto "Shintozwa" (Cucurbita maxima D. C. moschata D.) or "Bullojangsaeng" (Lagenaria leucantha) were used as controls. The roots of the transplants grafted onto "PI 593358" and "Shintozwa" weighed more than those on other rootstocks. Additionally, the transplants on "PI 593358" showed better growth and fruit set in the field than the other transplants. However, the total soluble solid contents and fruit quality indices of the transplants on "PI 593358" and "Shintozwa" were lower, whereas the total fruit quality index of those on "PI 482322" was higher. Thus, the wild watermelon accessions tested can potentially be used as basic germplasm for developing watermelon rootstocks instead of cucurbit rootstocks. The most promising accession for this purpose was found to be "PI 482322".

Correlations of Cross-sectional Areas of Psoas and Paraspinal Muscles in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation According to the Age Groups (연령대별 요추 추간판탈출증 환자의 요근과 척추주위근 단면적에 대한 분석)

  • Kong, Deok-Hyun;Bae, Kwang-Ho;Go, Ho-Yeon;Kang, Myung-Jin;Kim, Jun-Su;Yang, Kee-Young;Lee, Jae-Hoon;Eun, Young-Jun
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.159-169
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis(iliocostalis lumborum, multifidus, longissimus thoracis parts lumborum) and psoas muscle and sex, age, change of the VAS(visual analogue scale) and past history of chronic low back pain in patients suffering from HIVD(herniation of intervertebral disc). Methods : Medical records of 140 subjects with HIVD were retrospectively reviewed. The MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) findings on the patients were scanned and analyzed by PiView program to find the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and were evaluated by the correlation of sex, age, change of the VAS, and past history of chronic low back pain. Results : There was significant difference between groups in male and female, young-adults age and middle age, middle age and old age, young-adults age and old age. But the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and past history of chronic low back pain were partially significant. On the other hand, the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and change of the VAS were not significant. Conclusions : These results suggest that the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis and psoas muscle have relevance to sex and age.