• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.85-100
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• 2021

Objectives : The OunyukgiUihakbogam authored by Cho, Wonhee, despite its relevance to application of the five circuit theory today, has been under-researched. Methods : Contents on the unique treatment approach through the 'visiting circuit and visiting qi(客運客氣)' of the date of conception was studied. Results & Conclusions : The theory of calculating the date of conception with the date of birth applies the theory of the various combinations of the ten heavenly stems. The gestation period for those born on the day of the rabbit and chicken are either 246 or 306 days, while for those born on the day of the tiger and monkey, 256 days. For those born on the day of the cow or the lamb, 266; for those born on the day of the rat or horse, 276; for those born on the day of the snake or the pig, 286; for those born on the day of the dragon or the dog, 296 days. Once the date of conception is fixed, the visiting circuit and qi is estimated, and a matching formula is chosen and applied.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.285-304
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• 2017

Big data information and pattern analysis have applications in many industrial sectors. To reduce energy consumption effectively, the eco-driving method that reduces the fuel consumption of vehicles has recently come under scrutiny. Using big data on commercial vehicles obtained from digital tachographs (DTGs), it is possible not only to aid traffic safety but also improve eco-driving. In this study, we estimate fuel consumption efficiency by processing and analyzing DTG big data for commercial vehicles using parallel processing with the MapReduce mechanism. Compared to the conventional measurement of fuel consumption using the On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD-II) device, in this paper, we use actual DTG data and OBD-II fuel consumption data to identify meaningful relationships to calculate fuel efficiency rates. Based on the driving pattern extracted from DTG data, estimating fuel consumption is possible by analyzing driving patterns obtained only from DTG big data.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.04a
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• pp.125-128
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• 2015

최근 GPS가 기본 탑재된 스마트폰이 활성화된 이후 대량의 GPS 궤적 데이터를 전자지도에 매칭하여 분석하는 요구가 대두되고 있다. 그러나 기존에 연구된 맵매칭 기법은 주로 내비게이션용 알고리즘으로 대량의 GPS궤적을 서버에서 분석하기에는 속도 및 시스템 성능의 이슈가 있다. 본 연구는 대표적인 분산 NoSQL DB인 하듐 에코시스템의 HBase를 이용한 맵매칭 시스템에 대한 연구이다. 맵매칭을 위한 전자지도를 HBase탑재하기 위한 테이블 사양을 정의하였고, HBase와 연동하여 분석하는 맵매칭 알고리즘을 제시하고 Java로 구현하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 대량의 GPS궤적을 NoSQL 기반 방법론을 통하여 효율적으로 빅데이터를 분석하였다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.121-123
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• 2019

Urinary tract infection is common in the pediatric population. The most common causative agents are bacteria, among which Escherichia coli is the most frequent uropathogen. Although fungal urinary tract infection is rare in the healthy pediatric population, it is relatively common among hospitalized patients. Fungus may be isolated from the urine of immunocompromised patients or that of patients with indwelling catheters. The most common cause of funguria is Candida albicans. Although more than 50% of Candida isolates belong to non-albicans Candida, the prevalence of non-albicans candiduria is increasing. Herein, we report a case of community-acquired candiduria in a 4-month-old immunocompetent male infant who had bilateral vesicoureteral reflux and was administered antibiotic prophylaxis. He was diagnosed with urinary tract infection caused by Candida lusitaniae and was managed with fluconazole.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.176-179
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• 2013

본 연구는 최근 활성화된 스마트폰 내비게이션의 교통정보를 이용 시 상대적으로 품질이 취약한 지방지역의 빠른길 및 통행시간 정확도를 개선하는 방안에 대한 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 Hadoop기술을 이용하여 교통데이터에 대한 방대한 양의 데이터를 분석 처리한다. 특히, 실시간 교통정보가 제대로 수집되지 않는 지역의 도로 속도 정보에 대한 개선 방안으로 고객 단말로부터 올라오는 위치 데이터를 실시간으로 수집하여 전자지도 기본 속성값을 실시간 통계 데이터로 교체 반영하여 상대적으로 취약한 지방지역의 경로 품질 및 경로 탐색을 개선하는 방안을 제시하였다. 단말로부터 올라오는 많은 양의 GPS 위치정보등 대용량 데이터 처리를 위해 오픈소스프로젝트인 Hadoop플랫폼 환경에서 빅데이터 처리용 오픈소스를 활용하여 고가의 RDBMS를 대체하는 효과와 시간 단축의 효과를 기대할 수 있게 되었다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.192-198
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a novel double gate vertical channel tunneling field effect transistor (DVTFET) with a dielectric sidewall and optimization characteristics. The dielectric sidewall is applied to the gate region to reduced ambipolar voltage ($V_{amb}$) and double gate structure is applied to improve on-current ($I_{ON}$) and subthreshold swing (SS). We discussed the fin width ($W_S$), body doping concentration, sidewall width ($W_{side}$), drain and gate underlap distance ($X_d$), source doping distance ($X_S$) and pocket doping length ($X_P$) of DVTFET. Each of device performance is investigated with various device parameter variations. To maximize device performance, we apply the optimum values obtained in the above discussion of a optimization simulation. The optimum results are steep SS of 32.6 mV/dec, high $I_{ON}$ of $1.2{\times}10^{-3}A/{\mu}m$ and low $V_{amb}$ of -2.0 V.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.679-708
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• 2015

Almost all of natural gas demand in Korea is currently met by overseas LNG imports. More than 80% of LNG is imported through the mid to long-term contracts with oil-linked pricing. Despite LNG price estimation provides valuable information with various interested parties, an empirical study as well as an econometric model on LNG price hasn't yet been available in Korea. This paper therefore, aims at analyzing not only whether the long-run equilibrium relationship between oil prices and Korean LNG prices exists but also whether structural change occurred in such relationship. Further, it aims at building a conditional VECM taking account of a structural change. According to the final model, an oil price shock is passed through to the LNG prices in nonlinear and different manner from the past.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.47 no.8
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• pp.488-493
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• 2009

Direct syntheses of bulk $Ti_3Al$ via electro-discharge-sintering (EDS) of a stoichiometric elemental powder mixture were investigated. A capacitor bank of $450{\mu}F$ was charged with three input energies, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kJ. The charged capacitor bank was then instantaneously discharged through 0.3 g of a Ti-25.0 at.%Al powder mixture for consolidation. Complete phase transformation occurred in less than $200{\mu}sec$ by the discharge and a bulk $Ti_3Al$ compact was obtained. Compared with consolidated samples fabricated by conventional methods such as high vacuum sintering and casting, the electro-discharge-sintered $Ti_3Al$ compact shows a very fine microstructure with a hardness value of 425 Hv. Electro-discharge-sintering under a $N_2$ atmosphere successfully modified the surface Ti oxide of the $Ti_3Al$ compact into Ti nitride, which concurred with the synthesis and consolidation of $Ti_3Al$. Complete conversion yielding a single phase $Ti_3Al$ is primarily dominated by the fast solid state diffusion reaction.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.296-303
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• 2022

Background: Skin microbiota is important for maintenance of skin homeostasis; however, its disturbance may cause an increase in pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, we aimed to develop a red ginseng formulation that can selectively promote beneficial bacteria. Methods: The effects of red ginseng formulation on microorganism growth were analyzed by comparing the growth rates of Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes. Various preservatives mixed with red ginseng formulation were evaluated to determine the ideal composition for selective growth promotion of S. epidermidis. Red ginseng formulation with selected preservative was loaded into a biocompatible polymer mixture and applied to the faces of 20 female subjects in the clinical trial to observe changes in the skin microbiome. Results: Red ginseng formulation promoted the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis compared to fructooligosaccharide. When 1,2-hexanediol was applied with red ginseng formulation, only S. epidermidis showed selective growth. The analysis of the release rates of ginsenoside-Rg1 and -Re revealed that the exact content of Pluronic F-127 was around 11%. The application of hydrogel resulted in a decrease in C. acnes in all subjects. In subjects with low levels of S. epidermidis, the distribution of S. epidermidis was significantly increased with the application of hydrogel formulation and total microbial species of subjects decreased by 50% during the clinical trial. Conclusion: We confirmed that red ginseng formulation with 1,2-hexanediol can help maintain skin homeostasis through improvement of skin microbiome.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.363-370
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• 2022

In this paper, an estimation algorithm for state of charge (SOC) was applied using an equivalent circuit model (ECM) and an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to improve the estimation accuracy of the battery system states. In particular, an observer was designed to estimate SOC along with the aged capacity. In the case of the fresh battery, when SOC was estimated by Kalman Filter (KF), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was 0.27% which was smaller than MAPE of 1.43% when the SOC was calculated by the model without the observer. In the driving mode of the vehicle, the general KF or EKF algorithm cannot be used to estimate both SOC and capacity. Considering that the battery aging does not occur in a short period of time, a strategy of periodically estimating the battery capacity during charging was proposed. In the charging mode, since the current is fixed at some intervals, a strategy for estimating the capacity along with the SOC in this situation was suggested. When the current was fixed, MAPE of SOC estimation was 0.54%, and the MAPE of capacity estimation was 2.24%. Since the current is fixed when charging, it is feasible to estimate the battery capacity and SOC simultaneously using the general EKF. This method can be used to periodically perform battery capacity correction when charging the battery. When driving, the SOC can be estimated using EKF with the corrected capacity.