• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2006

Twenty-four different natural food materials extracted with 80% methanol were used to investigate the inhibition of cell-mediated immediate type allergic reactions induced by compound 48/80 in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). Nine 80% methanol extracts screened at a concentration of $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited histamine release from RPMCs induced by compound 48/80. Of these, two materials (Ulmus parvifolia and Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang) were extracted and fractionated into four different solvent types (chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, and water), and the fractions with major anti-allergic effects were assessed. The chloroform fraction of U. parvifolia (UP) at $5\;{\mu}g/mL$ and the ethylacetate fraction of L. platyphylla Wang et Tang (LPWT) at $1\;{\mu}g/mL$ showed the greatest inhibition of histamine release induced by compound 48/80. The chloroform fraction of UP and the ethylacetate fraction of LPWT in combination showed a greater inhibition of histamine release than either fraction alone. The cAMP levels in RPMCs treated with UP and LPWT were significantly greater than in cells treated with compound 48/80 alone. Our studies suggest that extracts from UP and LPWT may alleviate immediate type hypersensitivity reactions through the increase of cAMP levels in the mast cells.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.289-294
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• 2021

The antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction fractionated from the methanol extract of Saururus chinensis Baill were examined. As a result of measuring the yields of methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, and water fractions, the extraction yield of fraction was 18.60, 3.38, 24.03, 7.75, 8.11 and 62.57%, respectively. The total polyphenol content of the methanol extract of Saururus chinensis Baill was 13.40, 4.62, 7.39, 31.24, 25.76 and 5.64 mg GAE/g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC_50%) results were 20.81, 5.47, 10.15, 22.63, 19.68 and 21.06 ug/mL, respectively, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (IC_50%) results were 15.81, 2.69, 8.84, 12.80, 3.70 and 3.39 ug/mL. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity scavenging activity measurement (IC_50%) showed 33.63, 8.88, 16.93, 32.84, 33.79, and 33.71 ug/mL in methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate butanol, and water fractions, respectively. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction fractionated with the methanol extract of 300 sec was measured for the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate butanol, and water fraction, respectively, 15.85, 10.84, 15.74, 24.90, 2.58 and 35.70%.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2013

To isolate a novel antifungal compound, we obtained 571 kinds of endolichenic fungi from Lichen Bioresources Center and examined their antifungal abilities. Four fungi Stereocaulon sp. (1429), Stereocaulon sp. (1430), Cryptosporiopsis sp. (0156), and Graphis sp. (1245) showed high antifungal activity against Candida albicans when they grew in both liquid and solid media. We extracted the culture supernatants of these fungi with chloroform and then ethyl acetate. The chloroform fraction exhibited the highest anti-fungal activities when those fractions were examined for the growth inhibition of Candida albicans with disc diffusion method. To see information for the inhibitor present in chloroform fraction we employed GC-MS for the fractions of Stereocaulon sp. (1429). We found that hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, decanoic acid, hexadecanonic acid-methyl ester, 14-octadecenoic acid-methyl ester, and octadecenoic acid-methyl ester were present more in chloroform fraction than in ethylacetate fraction. This indicates that those compounds could be possible antifungal candidates since antifungal activity of chloroform extract was two times higher than that of ethyl acetate extract.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.933-940
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• 2010

To confirm antioxidant activity of black garlic, methanol extract of black garlic was fractioned by hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, buthanol and water. Antioxidant activities of solvent fractions were assayed in 100, 250, 500 and $1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$ concentrations. The contents of total phenol and flavonoids were significantly higher 5.5~11.6 times in chloroform, ethyl acetate and hexane fraction than other fractions. Antioxidant activities of solvent fractions were increased by higher sample concentrations and their activities were significantly higher in chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions than others. DPPH radical scavenging activity was over 50% in $1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$ concentration, except butanol and water fraction. In the same concentration, reducing power was also significantly lower in butanol and water fraction. ABTS radical scavenging activity was higher in hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions and was over 70% at $1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. In $1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$ concentration, the range of hydroxy radical scavenging activity was 50.27~81.02% and SOD-like ability was 26.73~47.64%. Antioxidant activity in linoleic acid reaction system was significantly higher when storage time was longer and sample concentration was higher in non-polar solvent fractions. Nitrite scavenging activity was relatively higher than antioxidant activity and the activity in $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ concentration was over than 50%, except butanol fraction.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2016

Objectives : The objective of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities of stem bark of Maackia amurensis extract.Methods : Stem bark of Maackia amurensis extract were prepared using 70% methanol. Methanol extracts were fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, water fractions and investigated. The antioxidant activities of fractions was evaluated by four different assays as total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity and ABTS(2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging ability.Results : The yield of methanolic extracts from stem bark of Maackia amurensis was 10.16%, whereas those of its solvent fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, and water) were 5.45, 11.39, 13.88, 26.07, and 40.80%, respectively. The total polyphenol contents and electron donating ability of 70% methanol extracts from stem bark of Maackia amurensis were 15.44 mg/g and 194.15 μg/mL of its IC₅₀, respectively. The 70% methanol extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity. The total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content of chloroform fractions were higher in each of 201.98 mg/g and 13.55 mg/g. The chloroform fraction showed the lowest levels of DPPH(IC₅₀, 183.95 μg/mL) and ABTS scavenging activity(IC₅₀, 10.0 μg/mL). The antioxidant activity was detected in methanol extract, chloroform fractions.Conclusions : These results indicate that 70% methanol extract and its fractions of stem bark of Maackia amurensis, especially chloroform fraction, have the properties of anti-oxidant suggesting stem bark of Maackia amurensis may be a candidate for natural and functional materials.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1065-1072
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• 1995

Mugwort was successively fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water and the fractions were evaluated by their growth-promoting activites for Bifidobacterium sp. in vitro experiments. The growths of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. bifidum, B. infantis and B.longum were enhanced with the addition of the water fraction, while the fractions of chloroform and ethylacetate inhibited Clostridium perfringens. When the wate fraction was added to media at a concentration of 0.01-0.5%(w/v), the growhts of Bifidobacterium sp. were increased according to the concentration of water fraction used. The water fraction stimulated also the growth of lactobacillus acidophillus, whereas those of E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis were not affected. The growth-promoting activity of water fraction was stable at the range of pH 2 to pH 10 and kept in thermal treatment at 10$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the biological activities of Carthamus tinctorius including antioxidative, fibrinolytic, thrombin inhibitory, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory and collagenase inhibitory activities. Carthamus tinctorius, hot water extract was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction. Each of these was assayed individually. The hot water extract showed high antioxidative activity and thrombin inhibitory activity at 90.17% and 97.10% respectively. In the fraction activity tests, chloroform fraction showed the highest antioxidative activity at 81.85%. The fibrinolytic activity was strong only in the butanol fraction at 0.70 plasmin units/ml. The thrombin inhibitory activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were 97.35%, 86.74% and 93.18% respectively. In collagenase inhibitory activity test, hexane fraction showed the highest activity at 87.78%. In conclusion, the hot water extract and solvent fractions of Carthamus tinctorius L can be used as a material for the development of biofunctional tea and foods respectively.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.771-775
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• 1999

The antimutagenic activities of the total extract and several fractions of starfish, Asterina pectinifera (Asteriidae), were investigated in vitro by SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37 and Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100. When various fractions was tested, the chloroform and butanol fractions showed low induction factors, which means both fractions increased antigenotoxicity against the base substitution mutagen MNNG. Even though higher antigenotoxic effect of the chloroform fraction, no effective result of Ames test was found in revertant formation of S. typhimurium TA100. The most effective antigenotoxic and antimutagenic fraction was a butanol one: i.e., When 0.5 mg/tube of butanol fraction was applied, the induction factor was 0.68. As the concentration of the fraction was increased the formation of revertants of S. typhimurium TA100 by about 81%. There was no cytotoxic effect of butanol fraction against S.typhimurium TA100. This result might be useful for further study to search a possible anticancer agent from the starfish, Asterina pectinifera.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.305-312
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• 1995

Ixeris dentata was extracted with methanol and then the methanol extract was further fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fraction. The methanol extract of lxeris dentata had the strong antimutagenic effect on the aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Ames mutagenicity test and SOS chromotest. Among the solvent extracted fractions from the methanol extract, the chloroform fraction exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect suppressing the mutagenicity of AFB1 with inhibition rate of 74 percent. The methanol extract of Ixeris dentata also revealed the inhibitory effect on the growth of MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells after 6 days of breeding at 37℃. The chloroform fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction from the methanol extract of lxeris dentata were most effective and inhibited the growth of MG-63 cells by 97 and 93 percent, respectively. It is suggested that the inhibitory effects of lxeris dentata on the mutagenicity and the growth of MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells are strong in the lipid soluble fractions.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2000

The production of malondiadehyde(MDA) was significantly decreased when the methoanol extract of persimmon leaves was added to the system. The methanol extract of persimmon leaves was fractionated by using various solvents such as hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol. Among the above fractions especially the chloroform fraction, ethylacetate fraction revealed the strong antioxidative activities. The hot water extract of the persimmon leaves was less effective than tannin which was extracted from persimmon leaves in antioxidative activity.