• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2021

Purpose - This study investigated the development process of the Chinese distribution industry and analyzed the current status of China's offline and online distribution industries under the development process of the Chinese distribution industry. In addition, the current status of offline distributors in China and representative companies were analyzed as case studies. Research design, data, and methodology - This study analyzed the overall environment of the Chinese distribution industry by using literature data. Then, this study conducted a case analysis using RT Mart and Jingdong, major companies in the distribution industry. Result -The main research results of this study show that the Chinese distribution market has already matured, and retailers are fiercely competing to secure sales and operating profits through various methods such as finding new management methods, improving awareness and customer loyalty by expanding the number of stores. Conclusion -Recently, the characteristic of China's distribution industry is that the boundaries of distribution are breaking down. Chinese retailers are taking strategies to expand the scope of services by erasing the boundaries of distribution. In other words, distribution companies are promoting a borderless distribution strategy in which consumers purchase products online and offline without restrictions on time and space. In addition, small stores in residential areas are on the rise compared to large-scale stores in the city center. The existing distribution industry operates various types of distribution stores to prepare for the post-COVID-19 crisis.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2015

China's rapidly growing cities offer a unique opportunity to create highly sustainable communities. Architects and their clients, typically real estate developers, are highly focused on strategies that are effective at reducing energy and water usage at the scale of the individual building or within a master plan of multiple related buildings. However, a closer look at energy consumption reveals that transportation uses more energy worldwide than residential and commercial buildings combined. In light of this, it is appropriate that China is making massive investments in transportation infrastructure like heavy rail rapid transit and grade separated expressways, but the end result of these investments to date has been to enable people to live further from where they work and shop rather than closer - while simultaneously not creating walkable communities. Using positive and negative examples from Asia and the rest of the world, this article will investigate the specific urban design policies such as height limits, setbacks, land use restrictions, parking ratios, and parcel size which might change to enable the creation of truly sustainable communities for China's 21st century.

• 한국과 국제사회
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.151-182
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• 2019

중국의 부상과 그에 상응하여 세계 각지의 국제무대와 지역 수준에서 중국인의 참여가 증가했다. 이는 중국이 지금까지 미국의 영향력 대체를 위해 노력하고 있다고 알려져 있기 때문에 중국과 미국 사이에 전략적 경쟁과 경쟁의 주장이 설득력을 얻고 있다. 결과적으로 미국이 미국의 영향력과 이익을 보호하기 위해 중국의 개입 증가에 대응해야 한다는 요구가 있었다. 이 연구는 아프리카에 대한 중국의 참여가 증가하면 대륙에서 미국의 전략적 이익을 대체하는 정도를 조사함으로써 이 논쟁에 기여하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 이 연구는 아프리카에 대한 중국의 개입은 중국이 대륙에서 널리 묘사되고 상상한 것처럼 미국의 이익을 위협할 필요가 없는 틈새시장을 만드는 것을 수반했다고 주장한다. 이는 중국이 현저하게 위협할 수 있는 세계의 다른 전략적 부분에 비해 미국은 역사적으로 아프리카에 대한 전략적 이해관계가 비교적 미미하다는 점을 전제로 한 것이다. 이런 식으로 볼 때, 아프리카에서의 중국인의 침투 증가는 미국의 핵심 전략적 이익에 즉각적인 위협을 가하지 않았기 때문에, 아프리카에서의 중국 주둔에 대항하기 위해 미국이 측정한 대응을 설명한다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2021

Korean education in China began at Peking University in the 1950s. At present, The Korean language education in China has made remarkable progress in many aspects such as scale, scope, level and achievement. In addition, with the increasingly frequent economic and cultural exchanges or cooperation between China and South Korea and the increasing trend of internationalization, the prosperity of Korean wave culture and the sound development of China-South Korea relations, the country's demand for Korean language talents is increasing day by day. However, with the rise of Korean education in China in recent years, some hidden problems also surfaced. In this paper, the Korean language proficiency test(TOPIK) is used to evaluate the Korean language proficiency of Korean learners, and Chinese juniors are used to evaluate the Korean language proficiency. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the learning media of Chinese Korean learners at the present stage, and the relationship between learning media and learning outcomes was concluded. At the same time, deficiencies and problems existed in Korean education in colleges and universities were proposed and their own ideas were put forward.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2021

최근 베트남 건설시장 규모는 지속적으로 증가추세이고, 중국, 일본 등 외국 건설기업들이 진출을 확대하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 베트남에서 한중일의 건설경쟁력을 비교하기 위하여 베트남에 진출한 한중일의 건설기업과 베트남 건설기업의 설계역량, 시공역량, 건설사업관리역량을 조사한 결과, 일본, 한국, 중국, 베트남 순으로 경쟁력 높다고 도출되었다. 특히 베트남에서 한국의 경쟁력은 초고층건축과 플랜트분야에서 경쟁력이 높게 나타났다. 이를 토대로 우리나라의 건설기업의 베트남 진출시 건설경쟁력 강화방안을 제안하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.369-379
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• 2022

과학기술과 문화산업의 융합이 심화되면서 중국의 디지털 문화산업이 부상하고 있다. 디지털 문화산업은 디지털 경제 시대에 문화소비에 대한 새로운 욕구를 충족시켜 소비자들에게 신선한 경험을 선사하고 있다. 본 논문은 중국 A주 36개 디지털 문화 상장기업의 2018년~2019년의 공개 데이터를 이용하여 중국 디지털 문화산업 상장기업의 기술혁신 효율성 평가지표체계를 구축했다. 자료포락분석(DEA)을 활용하여 36개 중국 디지털 문화산업 상장기업의 기술혁신 효율성을 평가했다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중국 상장기업 36곳은 기술혁신 효율성이 낮다. 둘째, 상장기업의 연구개발 자원의 배치가 불합리하다. 셋째, 상장기업 간 기술혁신 효율성의 차이가 크다. 따라서 연구개발 자금 투입의 확대, 연구개발 자원의 합리적 배치, 연구개발 인력 도입과 육성 확대, 효과적인 동적 인센티브 메커니즘 구축, '정산학연용(政产学研用)'의 긴밀한 결합 촉진 및 정부 정책의 충분한 발휘 등의 조치를 통해 중국 디지털 문화산업 상장기업의 기술혁신 효율성을 제고해야 한다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.135-172
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• 2004

While doing business in China foreign companies occasionally find themselves embroiled in disputes with Chinese individuals, companies or the Chinese Government. There are three primary ways to resolve a commercial dispute in China are negotiation, arbitration and litigation. The best way of dispute resolution is negotiation as it is the least expensive method and the working relationship of both parties concerned in dispute. But negotiations do not always give rise to resolution. Arbitration is the next choice. Unless the parties concerned can agree to resort to arbitration after the dispute has arisen, the underlying contract namely, sales contract or separate agreement must show that disputes will be resolved by arbitration. Agreements to arbitration specify arbitration body and governing law. There are two Chinese government -sponsored arbitration bodies for handling cases involving at least one foreign party: China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission(CIETAC) and China Maritime Arbitration Commission(CMAC) for maritime disputes. Contracts regarding foreign companies doing business in China often designate CIETAC arbitration. CIETAC distinguishes between two kinds of dispute resolutions, foreign-related arbitration and domestic arbitration. For a dispute to be classified as foreign-related arbitration, one of the companies must be a foreign entity without a major production facility or investment in China. CIETAC has published rules which govern the selection of a panel if the contract does not specify how the choice of arbitration will be handled. CIETAC's list of arbitrators for foreign-related disputes, from which CIETAC's arbitrators must en chosen, includes may non-Chines arbitrators. But many foreign experts believe that some aspects of CIETAC needs to be improved. The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of arbitration in China, CIETAC by way of studying the current situation and improvement of international commercial arbitration in China.

• 해양안보
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.73-114
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• 2021

본 연구는 현실주의의 대표적 이론인 세력균형이론을 기초로 군사력을 국가의 핵심 힘으로 전제하여 동북아시아의 힘의 분포를 살펴본다. 이전 세력균형과 군사력 수준에 관한 연구결과를 고찰하고, 그 연구한 결과를 활용하여 2020년까지 미국, 중국, 러시아, 일본, 한국과 북한의 힘의 변화를 분석하여 2030년경 안보환경을 전망하여 본다. 세력균형이론에서 국가(nation)나 국가군(a group of power) 간에 힘의 균형이 무너지면 전쟁 가능성이 높고, 그 불확실성과 불신이 높은 국제사회에서 생존과 안전을 확보하기 위하여 국가는 힘의 증강(자조, self-help)과 더불어 협력(cooperation)과 동맹(alliance)을 더욱 강화하는 행동을 한다고 본다. 동북아시아의 국가들도 자국의 군사력을 지속 증강하고 있으며, 특히 중국의 급속한 부상으로 국제 안보환경의 급격한 변화에 주변 국가들은 촉각을 세우고 경계심을 늦추지 않고 있다. 중국은 2030년대 중국 창군 100주년과 더불어 '국방 및 군현대화'를 실현하고, 2050년대 건국 100주년에 '세계일류군대건설'을 목표로 하고 있다. 그리고 미국은 국제사회의 협력과 동맹 강화 등 중국 견제에 분주하다. 미국과 중국이 패권경쟁이 진행되고 있는 상황에서 동북아시아의 안보환경과 힘의 역학관계도 서서히 변하고 있다. 세력균형이론에 기초하여 2030년 이후 동북아시아의 힘의 분포 변화와 함의를 살펴보고자 한다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제70권
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• pp.67-80
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• 2016

As China, the world's work shop was transformed into consumption market intermediary products and expensive consumer goods are more in highly demand recently. These will tend to diffuse especially to the west coastal cities of China. The economic growth of China needs to develop hub port facilities more and more in these days. We don't need to explain value of hub port in international trade. Furthermore If we are to retain access convenience of merchant vessel we really must maintain hub ports in Korea. This paper aims to vitalize Pyeongtaek port in times of the Pan Yellow Sea in readiness for an increase of trade between Korean, China, and Japan absorbing economic effects. The Rise of China leads to increase of trade of Korea that make necessary to develop a big and wide port to Pan Yellow Sea times. There is a lot of competition to be a hub port to become a center of international trade in the Pan Yellow Sea market. We need to improve the surrounding environment or facilities and industry clusters flexibly of Pyeongtaek port. It will guide to cost cutting and to raise business efficiency. Ultimately Pyeongtaek port should maintain and make advance its competitiveness especially in the Pan Yellow Sea times.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제1권
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• pp.333-362
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• 1997

Since the profess of the reformation and opening Policy in 1978, China has been outstandingly developed its economy and increased the real scale of its economy 4 times as big as before, and is expected to rise as a superpower holding in check U.S.A even in economy as well as politics, military affairs and diplomacy in the 21st century. In this position, China has constantly tried to join WTO since 1986, as an effort to gain a status in the international society. It hsa been making various economic reformations to provoke a crustal movement in its own economy such as tariffs lowering measurement for the almost whole items, remove of restriction of import items, lowering the refunding rate of over deposit tax and annihilation of the special treatments for the foreign investment. In short, recently Chinese government is cutting down the special treatments for the foreign capital enterprises and changing the policy to the direction of gradually reinforcing the control, so it requires that our enterprises trying to advance and invest in China have to consider these carefully. Investment in China of our enterprises become serious since 1990 is focused on such labor intensive industries as textiles, sewing and shoes which lost the competitive power due to the wage increase. Particularly, Pusan economy having played the role of locomotive for Korean economy in the past developing period has been weakened in the competitiveness and not yet activated in 1990s. In terms of this, the enterprises engaged in such typical industries of Pusan as shoes, textiles and sewing have borne much fruit from the investment in China with abundant and cheap labors. However, from a few years the enterprises in Pusan invested in China due to the cheap labors and rich resources and invested in China have suffered much troubles and failures more and more resulted from the advancement without sufficient previous knowledge and information related to the investment including investment environment. Therefore, at the time of advancement in China, Korean enterprises should make their decision related to the investment, after taking these investment environment into account previously to a full extent and making an investment strategy.