• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.85-105
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the variables on adolescents' perception of parents and children's relationship. Independent variables were the expectation of the parents' role, role performance by adolescents' perception and socio-demographic variables. In order to achieve this purpose, the survey was taken by 758 adolescents (middle & high school students) from Daegu. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, Factor Analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Multivariate Analysis of Variance, Scheffe test for post hoc, and Multiple Regression. The major findings were: 1) Role expectation had significant differences in the grade, gender, birth order, father's level of education, father's job, mother's age, and household economy of socio-demographic variables. Role performance showed significant differences in the grade, gender, father's age, parents' level of education, father's job, and household economy of socio-demographic variables. 2) Adolescents' perception of parents and children's relationship was affected by role expectation and role performance.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.194-200
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• 2022

Background: Injury is the leading cause of death or disability in children and adolescents. Rates of deaths from injuries have recently declined, but studies of the occurrence of nonfatal injuries are lacking. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate nonfatal injuries in children and adolescents younger than 20 years based on data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2007-2018. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine whether children and adolescents had experienced an injury requiring a hospital visit in the previous year. We investigated each injury's risk factors and characteristics. Results: Of a total of 21,598 children and adolescents, 1,748 (weighted percentage, 8.1%) experienced one or more injuries in the previous year. There was no yearly difference in the proportion of injuries experienced. Among the male subjects, 10.0% had an injury experience; among the female participants, 6.1% had an injury experience (P<0.001). The highest rate was 9.0% in children aged 1-4 years. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex; having an urban residence; having restricted activity due to visual, hearing, or developmental impairment; and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder were significant risk factors for injury experience. The characteristics of up to 3 injuries per patient were investigated, and 1,951 injuries were analyzed. Falls and slips accounted for 34.9%, collisions for 34.1%, and motor vehicle accidents for 11.3% of the total injuries. Ninety-six percent of injuries were unintentional, 20% caused school absences, and 10% required hospitalization. Conclusion: Among Korean children and adolescents, 8.1% experienced injuries at least once a year with no significant differences in incidence over the past 12 years. Greater attention and effort to prevent injuries are needed.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.17-33
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of registration of interventional studies focusing on children and adolescents in South Korea and the status of Korean medicine interventional studies through Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS). Methods CRIS was used to search interventional clinical researches which were registered from May, 2010 to October, 2018. Key words of 'child', 'children', 'adolescents', 'infant', 'toddler', 'elementary school student', 'middle and high school', 'middle school student', and 'high school student' were used. Results A total of 37 intervention clinical studies were selected. To identify the trends, years of registration in the CRIS, intervention types, disease categories, recruitment status, phase, institutions responsible for the research, consent, compensation and safety investigation were analyzed. Conclusions This study shows the current state of registration of interventional studies in children and adolescents in Korea. Since interventional studies in children and adolescents are essential for providing safe and effective treatment, further interventional studies, Korean medicine interventional studies and ethical considerations are needed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.99-117
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adolescents' academic stress on academic burnout and academic engagement and the moderating effects of parental academic involvement behavior on the relation between academic stress, academic burnout and academic engagement. The main results of this study were as follows. First, adolescents' academic stress had an influence on academic burnout and academic engagement. The higher adolescents' academic stress was, the higher academic burnout and the lowerer academic engagement were. Second, adolescents'academic stress and parental adequacy results pursuit behavior influenced academic burnout. That is, the level of adolescents'academic stress and parental behavior encouraging academic progress of children caused the low academic burnout. And parental behavior encouraging academic progress of children appeared to have a moderating effect on the relation between academic stress and academic burnout. Third, adolescents'academic stress, parental behavior pursuing adequate result, encouraging academic progress and granting their children academic options influenced academic engagement. However, parental academic involvement behavior appeared not to have a moderating effect on the relation between academic stress and academic engagement.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.28
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• pp.18.1-18.8
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• 2013

Objectives As public concern on possible harmful effects of mobile phone in children has been raised, information of epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone use in children and adolescents will be essential for public health policy. Methods Using three databases (n=21,693) collected from 2008 to 2011, we examined characteristics of mobile phone ownership and use, and socioeconomic positions (SEP) in Korean children and adolescents. Results The ownership rate and the amount of mobile phone use were higher in females than males, in higher school grades than lower grades, and at 2011 than 2008. The average age of first mobile phone ownership was shown to decrease from 12.5 years in currently high school students to 8.4 years in currently elementary school students at 2011. More than 90% of children in the 5th grade owned a mobile phone. More children owned a mobile phone in lower SEP communities than in higher SEP. Children with parents educated less than those with parents educated more were more likely to own and use mobile phone. Conclusions Considering the epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone use, precautionary measures to prevent unnecessary exposure to mobile phones are needed in children and adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analysis the health behaviors differences of adolescents depending on whether parenting behavior perceived by adolescents. Methods: The data which is used in this study was extracted from the 2011 second korean adolescents' penal data collected by the National Youth Policy Institute. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed in order to find how degree parents relationship factors are associated with adolescents' health behavior after adjusting sex, smoking(alcohol drinking) friends, and other significant variables. The data was processed by SAS 9.1. Results: Respondent's general characteristics such as smoking(alcohol drinking)friends, parents' job were positively relative to smoking and alcohol drinking experience. Also Parents's affection and experience of being abused from parents were significantly associated with smoking(alcohol drinking) experience. Conclusions: Negative vertical attitude for children is important for the health risk behaviors of adolescents. To increase effectiveness of the health policy for the adolescents in korea, it is important to adapt new strategy to include the positive empowerment of adolescents' social networks except for smoking(alcohol drinking)friends and policy support to turn negative vertical attitude for children into positive attitude for children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.123-136
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• 2001

The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure(Phinney, 1992) was administered to 179 Korean-Chinese mothers and their 8th and 9th grade children in the Yanbian region of China. Children also completed the Depression, Self-Esteem, and Social Competence scales. Findings were that while there was no difference between mothers and their adolescent children in Integration and Marginalization, more Separation in mothers and more Assimilation in adolescents were found. Korean-Chinese adolescents who belonged to the Integration type showed higher self-esteem and social competence than those of the marginalized type. Children's self-esteem and social competence were highest when both mother and child were in the Integration type. These results support the notion that Integration reflects the most adaptive, while Marginalization is the most at-risk attitude to acculturation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.99-110
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• 2018

As interest in adolescent and children's health risks increases, there is an increase in subscriptions to indemnity private health insurance. The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants of purchasing indemnity private health insurance. We conducted panel logit regression analysis on the sample of 4,567 adolescent and children using Korean Health Panel data from 2009 to 2015. As a result, it was analyzed that the participation of private health insurance for children and adolescents was affected not only by the characteristics of children and adolescents (age, birth order, residence, disability) but also by the characteristics of father (indemnity, disability, chronic disease) and mother (age difference between her and her children, indemnity, unmet needs) and the economic level of households (income). In views of this study, it is necessary to continuously implement policies to strengthen the healthcare of children and adolescents in order to alleviate the anxiety about the health risks of children and the burden of medical expenses caused by late marriages and maternal births. In particular, it is necessary to consider policies for multi-child families and vulnerable classes.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.106-112
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• 2022

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the clinical and psychological factors influencing depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Methods: We administered self-reported questionnaires assessing children's depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and anxiety (Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, RCMAS) to children and adolescents with epilepsy (n=87, age range=6-17 years). We asked their parents to complete questionnaires on epilepsy-related variables, parental stress (Questionnaire on Resources and Stress, QRS), parental anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), family functioning (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, FACES), children's attention problems (Abbreviated Conners Parent Rating Scale Revised, CPRS), and children's behavioral problems (Korean Child Behavior Checklist, K-CBCL). Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictive variables affecting depressive symptoms. Results: Family adaptability (r=-0.240, p=0.026), family cohesion (r=-0.381, p<0.001), children's attention problems (r=0.290, p=0.006), children's anxiety (r=0.714, p<0.001), children's behavioral problems (r=0.371, p<0.001), parental anxiety (r=0.320, p=0.003), and parental stress (r=0.335, p=0.002) were significantly correlated with children's depressive symptoms. Children's anxiety (β=0.655, p<0.001) and parental stress (β=0.198, p=0.013) were significantly related to their depressive symptoms (adjusted R²=0.539). Conclusion: Clinicians should detect and manage children's anxiety and parental stress, which may affect depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.115-127
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• 2004

This study was conducted to find out general status of family strength and self-esteem perceived by adolescent children. The major findings are as follows: 1 ) Adolescent children generally perceived their families as strong. Important factors that affected family strength were parents' level of education, economic status, father's religion, and parents' marital status. 2) Adolescents also evaluated their self-esteem positively, in general. Family type, father's level of education, economic status, father's religion, parents' marital status and mother's employment outside home were important factors that influenced adolescents' self-esteem. 3) The family strength and self-esteem as perceived by adolescents were positively correlated. That is, the more highly the adolescents estimated their family strength, the more likely they had high self-esteem.