• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.405-416
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• 2007

This study was to examine the needs among elementary school dietitians (n = 115) for developing a nutrition information internet site for children. A survey questionnaire included general characteristics, internet use regarding health and nutrition information, and needs for developing a nutrition information site. The mean age of the subjects was 36.2 years. The higher working experience group (> 10 years of working as dieticians) had higher mean age (p < 0.001), had a larger number of enrolled students at school (p < 0.01) and the number of those receiving school lunch (p < 0.01) than the counterparts (${\le}10$ years group). Sources of health and nutrition information were mainly PC/internet (60.4%) and seminar (14.4%). About 95% used health or nutrition information using the internet, however, the majority of users (71.6%) used internet information only when they needed it. Major reasons for using internet information was 'to get nutrition education materials' (63.8%) and 'to obtain general nutrition information' (21%). One third of the subjects were satisfied with nutrition information internet sites; major problems with internet sites were 'lack of content' (38.9%) and 'lack of practical information' (33%). These characteristics regarding internet use were not different between work experience groups. Major problems with nutrition education were 'lack of nutrition educational materials' (41.1 %) and 'lack of nutrition education skills' (32.1%). These were significantly different between the work experience groups (p < 0.01). Subjects preferred CD/internet to leaflet/booklet as nutrition educational materials. In developing nutrition sites for children, subjects wanted topics such as obesity assessment, dietary assessment, and obesity. Subjects responded that contents of nutrition information should be 'suitable to the children's knowledge levels' (31.1%), 'interesting enough by including quizzes, games and songs' (27.8%), 'inserting many illustrations/icons' (16.3%). In terms of designing internet sites for children, they wanted that internet sites should 'be easy enough to find the sites' (29.2%), 'use illustrations and characters' (24.8%), 'use communication channels such as Q&A' (18.7%). Needs for developing internet sites for children were not different by the work experience group. This study suggests that web sites for children should be carefully developed considering the contents and design, have less information with more illustrations, designed to induce the interest of children, as well as including sections such as eating habit assessment and games.

• Journal of Korea Artificial Intelligence Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2024

Kodály hand signs are symbols that intuitively represent pitch and note names based on the shape and height of the hand. They are an excellent tool that can be easily expressed using the human body, making them highly engaging for children who are new to music. Traditional hand signs help beginners easily understand pitch and significantly aid in music learning and performance. However, Kodály hand signs have distinctive features, such as the ability to indicate key changes or chords using both hands and to clearly represent accidentals. These features enable the effective use of Kodály hand signs. In this paper, we aim to investigate the changes in recognition rates according to the complexity of scales by creating a device for learning Kodály hand signs, teaching simple Do-Re-Mi scales, and then gradually increasing the complexity of the scales and teaching complex scales and children's songs (such as "May Had A Little Lamb"). The learning device utilizes accelerometer and bending sensors. The accelerometer detects the tilt of the hand, while the bending sensor detects the degree of bending in the fingers. The utilized accelerometer is a 6-axis accelerometer that can also measure angular velocity, ensuring accurate data collection. The learning and performance evaluation of the Kodály learning device were conducted using Python.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.15-28
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• 2006

Music plays significant roles in the process of human development. The requirement in each process of development can be encouraged by children's participating in various musical activity and so the musical circumstance can make an important factor. Acknowledging that, there were some attempts to use music as a means of treatment or education for children. The subjects of clinic studies in music therapy, especially in Korea, have mainly been children with delay or disability in development. The purpose of this article is focused on collecting and analyzing articles which are written about children who are the main subjects of clinic studies. By collecting and analyzing those articles, the tendency of domestic studies about music therapy concerned with children can be widely examined. Ninety thesis about music therapy related with normal and disabled children have been collected and analyzed considering the subjects, methods, fields of the studies and musical intervention. The conclusions are the same with followings. First, considering the subjects, the studies on children with disabilities are more than normal children and the studies on autistic children occupy the largest portion of them Recently the studies on normal children have been increased as well as the studies on children with disability. Second, for the methods1 experimental studies have been performed more widely than descriptive studies. Third, considering the fields of development, the studies on the social field occupies the largest part of all and they are followed by emotion, language and communication, cognition in turn. Last, in case of musical intervention, it is clear that musical intervention is more used as forms of singing songs and playing instruments than special skills of music. Through this article, the achievements and shortcomings in this territory could be possibly shown at the same time. Moreover, the direction which it has to move toward could be shown.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.213-220
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• 2012

This study was conducted on 4th and 5th grade elementary school students in Daegu, Korea for the purpose of promoting health and proper dietary habits. A children food safety education program was developed and its effects evaluated on 4th and 5th graders (3,932 students for 4th year, 4,438 students for 5th year) at 46 elementary schools, which were under the jurisdiction of the four educational bureaus of Daegu city. Education was conducted in accordance with an education design plan, of which there were two goals, including know the contents of 'special act on children's dietary life safety management' and 'practice proper hand-washing'. 'Special act on children's dietary life safety management' was explained, and the education curriculum included proper hand-washing for prevention of food poisoning, quality certification mark on children's favorite foods, harmful foods such as unsanitary and adulterated foods, and green food zone. Flash songs, PowerPoint, 'glitter burger' notice note, and banner were used as education media. It was found that the awareness level of items related to 'special act on children's dietary life safety management' increased significantly after education (p<0.001). 'Necessity of nutrition education and children's food safety' also increased significantly (p<0.05) after education. Lastly, children answered that they washed their hands more often after education (62.9%) than before (60.7%).

• MALSORI
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• no.31_32
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• pp.141-162
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• 1996

Hopkins의 도약률(Sprung Rhythm)은 영어의 운율자질인 강세에 의한 엄격한 정형률을 고수하고 있다. 즉 약강 5보격이나 약강 6보격의 정형률을 지킨다고 Hopkins는 주장한다. 일반 독자나 운율비평가는 이를 인정한다. 문제는 시인의 음량(quantity) 기준에 의하여 강, 약 자리를 어떻게 충족시키고 있느냐 하는 점이다. 모든 비평가는 Hopkins의 음량 기준의 지나친 편의성과 임의성, 및 응통성?에 대하여 그의 음량 이론을 수용하려하지 않는다. 그러나 Kiparsky는 Hopkins의 설명에 따라 시인의 도약률을 분석하면 시인의 음량 이론이 이유 있음을 설명해 보인다. Kiparsky의 분석에서 문제점은 없는가? 만약 있다면 그것은 바로 Hopkins의 음량이론의 문제점이 될 것이다. 이 연구에서는 Hopkins의 편지 속의 설명은 실제로 독자의 낭송 속에서 어떻게 실현될 것인가 즉 '귀로 듣고 감상(ear and taste)'할 때 나타날 리듬형, 즉 낭송의 틀에 의한 분석을 시도하였다. 그것은 도약률이야 말로 읽히기 위한 것이며 '보는 시'가 아니라는 전제에서이다. 여기에서는 낭송에서 나타날 도약률의 음량과 장단, 즉 지속시간을 하나의 '낭송보(Textsetting for Sprung Rhythm)'에서 투사해 보고자 했다. 그 낭송보는 Hayes & Kan(1994)의 '어린이의 민속노래 보(Textsetting for Children's Folk Songs)'를 원용하였다. 약강 4,5,6보격, 강약 4,5,6보격의 일정한 강세 모습과 일정한 지속시간을 보여주는 도약률의 '낭송보'는 다음과 같다('약'자리와 '강'자리의 간격은 일정하게 보고 '강'의 돋들림은 격자로 더 높게 표시하였다). 이와 같은 낭송보는 독자, 즉 낭송자의 낭송 가능 범위를 그려 준다. 즉 약자리의 두개나 그 이상의 음절을 한꺼번에 낭송할 수 있음을 보여 준다. 그 음은 자연히 연음(slurring)이 되기 마련이다. 그러므로 이 연구는 다음과 같은 사실을 규명해 준다. 첫째, 어떤 시행도 규칙적인 박으로 낭송된다. 둘째, 음량은 박자에 의하여 좌우된다. 즉 강과 약자리의 일정한 지속시간의 범위 내에서는 몇 개의 음절도 낭송이 가능하다. 그것은 일정한 간격의 자리를 나타내는 격자로 결정된다. 따라서 모라(morae)의 개념보다도 박자의 개념으로 도약률은 낭송된다. 셋째, 모든 약자리와 강자리는 일정한 간격과 실제의 박(묵박도 포함)에 의하여 규칙적이다. 넷째, 외율음보는 격자의 길이내에서 낭송된다. 그러나 이 연구의 기본은 시인과 독자의 율형(Metrical Pattern)에 대한 의식과 의도(intention)가 전제된다. 이것은 이 연구의 문제임과 동시에 장점이다. 시율의 분석은 보는 율형이 아니라 읽고 낭송하는 율형으로 분석되어야 함을 보여 준 것이 이 연구의 기여이다.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.97-112
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop a nutrition education curriculum with teacher's guide which includes discretionary activities for obese children. A survey was carried out to investigate the recognition of body image and food behaviors according to the obesity index (mild, moderate, severe) in school children (4~6th grade, 158 boys and 60 girls) who were selected based on a physical examination in May, 2006 in the Gyeongnam province. Next, a nutrition education curriculum with teacher's guide was developed on the basis of the findings from the survey and from preceding researches. The results are summarized as follow. The results of this study showed the existence of some nutritional problems such as overeating, prejudice, skipping meals, snacking patterns, etc, which indicate the need for nutritional management for obese children. Most overweight children (80.3%) showed the most interest in the nutrition education program, particularly with regards to dieting for weight control (64.7%). The developed nutrition education curriculum consisted of 8 main subjects and 13 subtitles. The curriculum was prepared for 13 lessons and included songs and singing, making-up lyrics, games about nutrition, discussions of the experience of eating (satiety, thirst, hunger), debates on dietary habits, writing and others to promote the interest for learning. We aimed to develop this program in an attempt to improve the dietary habits of obese school children. This is very important because once a dietary habit is formed in adults, it is difficult to change and the best adjustable stage is during childhood. Therefore, early nutrition education during elementary school can change and build-up the awareness of health in young elementary school children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.394-400
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• 2016

This study reviewed critically the music regulations of broadcasting advertising and analyzed the post reviews of Korea Communications Standards Commission(KCSC) to find their problems and suggest alternatives for their improvements. As general core regulations, lyrics changes of children's song is banned except in non-commercial public advertising and lyrics changes to folk songs are permitted unless it includes the product related expressions, such as brand name; both of their arrangements are permitted. According to the items, the lyrics of the CM song of drug advertising should not include its brand name; alcoholic beverage advertising is banned if the lyrics of the CM song include product-related brand name or an expression encouraging drinking. The rationales of these regulations of restrictions or prohibitions of music in broadcasting advertising are unclear and are insufficient. Therefore, it will be necessary to improve them based on the evidence or knowledge by more valid research in the future.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine how primary school teachers use music for classroom teaching and management and how they perceive the effects of using music in their classroom. A total of 190 questionnaires were collected from primary school teachers and 119 responses were analyzed after excluding four responses from music teachers who are not in charge of a classroom. The results demonstrated that a greater number of respondents reported the use of music for classroom teaching than for classroom management. With regard to music use for classroom management, teachers most often attempted to enhance positive emotions of their students by playing children's songs. For classroom teaching, music was frequently used to increase students' motivation for learning. Also, while first through third grade teachers tended to use music frequently for both classroom teaching and management, fourth through sixth grade teachers mainly used music for teaching. Although most of the respondents perceived the positive influence of music on their children, they reported difficulties in using music in their classrooms. Respondents indicated the needs for music-related training or provision of materials to support teachers for effectively using music. Future studies are needed to develop music resource materials that could be readily utilized by teachers in a variety of contexts in primary school.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.41
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• pp.133-156
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• 2020

This is a paper that examines the meaning and changes of how Dalgang Song, a parenting song, is accepted in pansori works and how it plays a role in the narrative of the work. In Chapter 2, Compared the lyrics of Dalgang-Dalgang in actual parenting scene and Dalgang-Dalgang in Pansori's work. As a result, the songs in Pansori, show some differences in lyrics, but most of them kept the narrative structure intact. Among them, Gangreung-maehwa-ga maintained the phrase "Dalgang-Dalgang" in front and back, making the least changes. Simcheong-ga and Jeokbyeok-ga maintained their epic structures, but the the front and the rear phrase turned into a "Uh huh, Doong doong". And Dalgang-Dalgang was sung mostly by its mother or grandmother at the actual parenting scene, but the song in Pansori, was all sung by men. Dalgang song in Pansori, had a mostly Gyemyeon melody due to the genre characteristics of Pansori. Also Dalgang-Dalgang for actual parenting, was sung with a leisurely, soft beat. But Dalgang song in Pansori's works were sung rhythmical with Jungjungmori rhythm or Jajinmori rhythm to maximize joy. In Chapter 3, I discussed the roles and meanings of Dalgang song contained in Pansori. Dalgang-Dalgang of Simcheong-ga appeared in the crucial process of Sim Hak-kyu's return to will of life through Simcheong after the death of his wife. In Jeokbyeok-ga, Dalgang song also appeared as a tool to recall the happy memories with his son. On the other hand, Dalgang-Dalgang of Gangreung-maehwa-ga played a role of expressing affection for relationships between men and women, not between parents and children. This is beyond the original meaning of parenting, which means the hedonistic and excessive affection of Mr. Gol. The desire to change a relationship between a man and a woman into between parents and children is also found in Kim Yeon-soo's Chunhyang-ga. This change is an example of how the role and meaning of Dalgang song has changed dramatically as it was inserted into pansori. And the reason why Dalgang-Dalgang was so important in the narrative of Pansori was because of The lyrics of the song contain the love of the baby.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.55-80
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the effects of songwriting on the self-acceptance of adolescent in palliative care. Three participants were recruited from a university hospital in an urban area in South Korea. The songwriting intervention was conducted in six sessions, and each session was composed of an introduction, song writing and wrap-up. Participants were asked to complete the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ) before and after the intervention. Their verbal expressions and written song lyrics observed during the intervention were also measured. The results showed that the USAQ scores increased after the intervention, indicating the improvement in their acceptance of the self without judgement or high reactivity to feedback. In addition, the participants exhibited greater recognition of their emotions and acceptance of themselves as they are. They were also better able to discover internal resources and psychological competence. The participants reported that they could more freely express their emotions through song writing and that recording the songs they created was a means of communicating their feelings to others. Based on this study, it is expected that adolescents in palliative care will be able to experience self-acceptance through such brief song writing interventions.