• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1672-1683
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• 2012

본 연구는 결혼이주 베트남 여성들의 완전모유수유 실천 기간 및 관련 요인을 파악하여 추후 이들의 모유수유실천 증진을 위한 교육프로그램 개발 시 기초자료로 활용하기 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 서술적 조사연구로, 대전, 충남지역에 거주하고 있는 결혼이주 베트남 여성 중 생후 6개월 이상 5세 이하의 자녀를 둔 125명을 대상으로 구조화된 질문지를 이용하여 면접법에 의해 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 빈도와 백분율, t-검정, ANOVA 및 단계별 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였고, 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 결혼이주 베트남여성의 완전모유수유 실천기간은 평균 15.9주 이었다. 둘째, 생후 6개월간 아기의 월령이 증가됨에 따라 완전모유수유 실천율은 감소하고, 분유수유와 혼합수유가 증가하였다. 셋째, 완전모유수유실천 기간에 영향을 미치는 요인은 가족형태, 모유수유 교육유무였으며, 이들 변인의 설명력은 30.8% 이었다. 이상의 연구결과 모유수유 교육유무가 완전모유수유 실천에 중요한 예측요인임을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 결혼이주 베트남 여성의 완전모유수유 실천기간 증진을 위한 체계적인 교육프로그램 개발과 그 효과를 검증하는 후속 연구의 필요성을 제언한다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.262-276
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• 2001

최근들어 특별한 하드웨어나 새 프로토콜의 도움없이 고속 라우터의 포워딩 검색을 지원하는 포워딩 테이블에 대한 연구가 다양하게 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어를 기반으로 일반적인 펜티엄 프로세서에서 기가비트급 포워딩 검색을 지원할 수 있는 새포워딩 테이블 자료구조를 제시한다. 포워딩 검색은 테이블의 크기에 비례해서 복잡도가 증가하는 라우터 성능의 병목지점으로 알려져 있다. 기존의 소프트웨어를 기반으로 하는 포워딩 검색 연구들은 포워딩 테이블 자료구조로 패트리샤 트라이와 그 변형을 이용하거나 프리픽스 길이를 키로 해서 함수를 구성하는 방법등을 사용하여 왔다. 본 논문에서 제안된 포워딩 테이블 자료구조는 라우팅 테이블의 프리픽스를 완전이진 트라이로 구성한후 트라이의 구조와 각 노드별로 링크 되어있는 라우팅 테이블 포인터 정보를 비트열로 표현하여 포워딩테이블을 구성한다. 트라이의 구조와 라우팅 프리픽스 포인터 정보는 배열이나 링크드-리스트로 표현하면 대량의 저장공간을 필요로하지만 제안된 자료구조에서는 각 정보가 하나의 비트로 표현되므로 작은 저장공간으로 충분하며 또한 트라이를 중간 레벨에서부터 검색할 수 있는 방법을 라우팅 테이블을 펜티엄 프로세서의 L2 캐쉬에 저장할 수 있는 작은 크기로 압축하고 검색경로를 단축함으로써 일반적인 펜티엄 프로세서를 이용하여 고속의 포워딩 엔진을 구현할 수 있음을 보여준다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해서 실제 라우팅 테이블을 대상으로 실험한 결과 초당 5.7백만 번의 라우팅검색성능을 기록하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.230-241
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Inadequate nutrition in infants and young children affects physical growth and neurocognitive development. Therefore, early nutritional intervention is important to promote catch-up growth in young children with faltering growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutritional supplementation with a pediatric concentrated and balanced nutritional supplement formula on promoting growth and improving nutritional status in children with nonorganic faltering growth. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Children aged 12-36 months whose body weight-for-age was < 5^th percentile on the Korean Growth Charts were enrolled. Children born premature or having organic diseases were excluded. Children were instructed to consume 400 mL of formula per day in addition to their regular diet for 6 months. Pediatricians and dietitians educated the parents and examined the subjects every 2 months. Anthropometric parameters were measured at baseline and at 2, 4, and 6 months, and laboratory tests were done at baseline and 6 months. The good consumption group included children who consumed ≥ 60% of the recommended dose of formula. RESULTS: Total 82 children completed the 6-month intervention. At baseline, there were no significant differences in all variables between the good consumption and poor consumption groups. Weight and weight z-scores were significantly improved in the good consumption group compared to the poor consumption group at the end of the intervention (P = 0.009, respectively). The good consumption group showed a significant trend for gaining weight (P < 0.05) and weight z-score (P < 0.05) compared to the poor consumption group during 6 months of formula intake. The concentration of blood urea nitrogen was significantly increased in the good consumption group (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional supplementation with a concentrated and balanced pediatric nutritional formula along with dietary education might be an effective approach to promote catch-up growth in children with nonorganic faltering growth.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 1976

Contemporary nursing is concerned with meeting patients physical psychological and secio-economical needs and with helping persons to sore their own problems. At the time of confinement and delivery, women often have physical and psychological disco- mort related to fear, tension or anxiety. Pain related to these causes varies with the individual woman. Effective nursing care to meet individual needs during labor and delivery is important if nurses are to understand and relieve woman's physical and psychological pain. A questionnaire prepared for the purpose by the investigator was administered to 162 women in two general hospitals, one in Seoul and one in TaeGu, during August 1 and September 20, 1975 and to the 13 delivery-room nurses who cared for them. It was hoped that the study would contribute to comprehensive nursing care during labor and delivery and to improve maternal and child health. 1. The sample of mothers ranged in age from 18 to 39; the majority were from 25 to 29 years old (54.3%). Most of them were housewives (87.6%). Sixty-three percent had high school or higher education. They had a range of one to seven deliveries. Sixty-one percent were primiparas Most had some prenatal care (87.6%). 2. The age of the group of nurses ranged from 22 to 39. Ten were 22 or 23. Five of the 13 had from six to ten months experience in the de]ivory room. Twelve were single and ten had a religious affiliation. 3. Both primiparas and multiparas thought equally that physical and psychological care, nursing skills and attitudes were important during labor and delivery, but did not relate basic nursing care directly to normal delivery. Need for nursing care was rated more highly by primiparas (2.83-3.48) than by multiparas (2.51-3.17) (p〈0.05). 4. There was no difference in need for nursing care according to the educational level of the women nor according to whether they had a religious affiliation or not (p〉0.05). 5. There was no difference in the reported nursing care given regarding of the educational preparation of the nurses (p〉 0.05). 6. There the reported nursing needs of the women and the reported nursing care given were compared, physical and psychological nursing care directed toward protecting the mother and fetus and a safe do]ivory were considered important by both groups. Neither group related simple nursing care directly to protection of the mother and fetus or to a safe delivery. The women rated highly their needs for nourishment (3.05) and having a relative with them (2.90) for emotional support but there was little evidence (2.39) that the nurses provided care to meet these needs (p〈0.05). In conclusion, the nursing needs of the women during the three stages of labor and the nursing care given were generally similar. The women had more psychological needs than physical needs but in comparison, nurses gave a little more physical than psychological care. The results point up the need to make adjustments in labor and delivery room nursing care the nurse should Prepared to pay more attention and bigger consideration in psychological comfort care than physical care.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.133-158
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• 2014

본 연구는 누리과정과 연계한 유아녹색성장 교육활동이 유아의 환경보전지식, 자연환경감수성, 환경보전태도에 미치는 효과를 알아봄으로써, 유아들이 어릴때부터 생활 속에서 녹색생활을 실천 할 수 있도록 유아녹색성장 교육프로그램 지원방안을 모색 하고자 하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구대상은 인천시 소재의 유치원에 다니는 만 5세 유아 54명으로 실험집단 27명, 비교집단 27명이다. 결과 분석을 위하여 독립표본 t-test와 공변량분석(ANCOVA: Analysis of Convariance)을 실시하였으며, 통계적 분석은 SPSS WIN 17.0 프로그램을 이용하였다. 연구결과 녹색성장교육 프로그램을 경험한 실험집단 유아의 환경보전지식, 자연환경감수성 및 환경보전태도가 비교집단 유아의 환경보전지식, 자연환경감수성 및 환경보전태도보다 점수가 높았으며, 변화에 유의미한 효과를 보여 유아녹색성장 교육활동이 유아의 환경보전지식과 자연환경감수성, 환경보전태도를 증진시킬 수 있음을 검증하였다. 이와 같은 연구결과에 기초한 논의 결과, 유아녹색성장교육 활동이 누리과정에 통합 적용되어 유아의 녹색생활이 일과 속에 실천되어질 뿐만 아니라, 나아가 가정, 지역사회가 함께 연계하여 지속가능한 발전을 위한 녹색생활이 실천될 수 있도록 향후 과제와 제언을 제시하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.101-120
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• 2012

This research was conducted in order to find out the effects of boys' self-control, their parents' behaviors and marital conflict on boys' aggression. Subtypes of aggression in the present research consist of dimensions of the functions and forms (proactive-overt, proactive-relational, reactive-overt, reactive-relational). The participants of this study were 237 boys in the fifth and sixth grades in elementary schools located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. The questionnaires were derived and modified from Lee Hong (2009) for boys' aggression, from Ju So Young and Lee Yang Hee (2008) for boys' self-control, from Jun Joo Ram (2008) and Heo Seung Yeon (2009) for maternal behaviors and from Kang Na Jung (2008) for marital conflict. In order to grasp the general characteristics of the participants, frequency and descriptive statistics were used. Also, Pearson's correlation was applied to the relationships amomg boys' self-control, marital behaviors and marital conflict on boys' aggression. Lastly, the variables that can predict boys' aggression were analyzed through multiple regression analysis by SPSS 19.0. The major results of this study were as follows. This research showed that this model fit well for boys. To summarize the important results, what is interesting in the present study is the effect of the mother's role in rearing their sons. It was found that mothers' criticism, negative behaviors, and excessive interference can cause boys' high level of aggressiveness. Also, having parents who fight frequently was strongly associated with boys' relational aggression. An interesting finding is that the mother's support influenced boys' reactive-overt aggression. Lastly, boys' self-control was highly associated with boys' proactive-relational aggression. This research may contribute to understanding boys' aggression' subtypes. To that end, the current results suggest that the dimensions of the functions and forms may be a useful tool in an effort to inform developmental theory and intervention. Also, this research may provide guidance for the resolution of problems caused by boys' aggression. Lastly, it was found that self- control training and parental education programs might prove beneficial for helping aggressive boys to overcome their aggressive impulses.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2017

Objectives: In response to increased interest in the safety of children's products, a risk management system is being prepared through exposure assessment of hazardous chemicals. To estimate exposure levels, risk assessors are using deterministic and probabilistic approaches to statistical methodology and a commercialized Monte Carlo simulation based on tools (MCTool) to efficiently support calculation of the probability density functions. This study was conducted to analyze and discuss the usage patterns and problems associated with the results of these two approaches and MCTools used in the case of probabilistic approaches by reviewing research reports related to exposure assessment for children's products. Methods: We collected six research reports on exposure and risk assessment of children's products and summarized the deterministic results and corresponding underlying distributions for exposure dose and concentration results estimated through deterministic and probabilistic approaches. We focused on mechanisms and differences in the MCTools used for decision making with probabilistic distributions to validate the simulation adequacy in detail. Results: The estimation results of exposure dose and concentration from the deterministic approaches were 0.19-3.98 times higher than the results from the probabilistic approach. For the probabilistic approach, the use of lognormal, Student's T, and Weibull distributions had the highest frequency as underlying distributions of the input parameters. However, we could not examine the reasons for the selection of each distribution because of the absence of test-statistics. In addition, there were some cases estimating the discrete probability distribution model as the underlying distribution for continuous variables, such as weight. To find the cause of abnormal simulations, we applied two MCTools used for all reports and described the improper usage routes of MCTools. Conclusions: For transparent and realistic exposure assessment, it is necessary to 1) establish standardized guidelines for the proper use of the two statistical approaches, including notes by MCTool and 2) consider the development of a new software tool with proper configurations and features specialized for risk assessment. Such guidelines and software will make exposure assessment more user-friendly, consistent, and rapid in the future.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2016

목적 : 아동을 대상으로 실시한 그룹 작업치료에 대한 효과를 체계적 고찰을 통해 알아보고 이를 통해 아동 그룹작업치료에 대한 근거를 마련하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 국외 검색 데이터베이스는 Pubmed와 Ovid를 국내 검색 데이터베이스는 학술연구정보서비스(RISS), 한국학술정보(KISS), 디비피아(DBpia)를 사용하여 2014년까지의 국외/국내 학회지를 검색하였다. 국외/국내 검색어를 다르게 사용하여 총 14개의 연구를 선정하였으며 근거의 질적 수준에 따라 나누고 PICO(Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) 형식으로 정리하였다. 결과 : 대상자는 정상아동보다 진단을 받은 아동이 많았고, 감각통합장애 아동(28.6%)이 가장 많았다. 중재방법은 그룹감각통합치료(40%)가 가장 많았고, 중재 결과 분석을 위해 사용된 평가 영역 및 평가도구로는 사회성(31.0%)을 측정하기 위한 것이 가장 많았다. 중재 효과는 통계학적으로 유의한 결과가 전체의 40.7%이었다. 결론 : 앞으로 아동을 대상으로 실시하는 그룹 작업치료는 다양한 진단군을 대상으로 폭 넓은 중재내용을 통해 높은 근거수준의 효과가 입증 되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.121-134
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• 1974

This study is an attempt to evaluate the use of an oral contraceptive by: 1. Deforming the acceptance rate of the oral contraceptive according to socio-demographic characteristics 5. Estimating the duration of the use of the contraceptive f. Discovering reasons why the contraceptive was discontinued 4. Computing the cumulative continuation and discontinuation rate according to socio-demographic characteristics, history of pregnancies, and attitude of husband at the time of selection of the contraceptive. One hundred sixty-eight women of child bearing age (14-49 years), residing in Yonhee Dong, Seoul, Korea and registered as oral contraceptive accepters at Yonsei Community Health Center, were interviewed during a three week period in 1973. The questionnaire was designed to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the oral contraceptive accepters, the current status of their family planning practice, medical reactions if any, discontinuation practice, and the duration of the use of the contraceptive. The major findings of the study were as follows; 1. The acceptance rate was highest for women between 30 and 34 years of age, the mean age being 34.4 years. 2. Fifty six point five percent of all respondents said that thirty years of age was the ideal age to stop having children. 3. The average number of living children was 3.5 and fifty four point eight percent of respondents felt 2 boys and I girl was the ideal number of children. 4. The average number of pregnancies was 5.2 and the average number of induced abortion was I. 4. 5. Fifty eight point eight percent of the respondents had experience in the use of contraceptive methods in the past. 6. Forty one point seven percent of the respondents replied that they chose the oral contraceptive because, "it was not complicated to use." 7. Sixty four point eight percent of the women said their husband approved of their taking the pill. 8. The cumulative discontinuation rate was sixty point five percent of the total respondents for one year in first segment. 9. Sixty six point nine percent of the respondents had experienced side-effect while using the pill. The side effects for 68.9 percent of these women were castro-intestinal upsets. Twenty point eight percent of the women who had side effects consulted with medical personnel about them. Women who had more education had more side effects. 10. Seventy three point two percent of the women who discontinued the pill did so because of medical reasons. Women who were younger discontinued the pill for personal reasons more-often than older women. Among personal reasons listed for discontinuing the pill was the attitude of the husband. 11. The average duration of continuance of the contraceptive was 5.3 cycles under 29 years of age; 7.4 cycles between 30 and 34 years of age; and 8.4 cycles over 40 years of age. 12. The discontinuation rate was seem to increase sharply in the early cycle and increase more slowly in later cycle. Conclusions and suggestions: Since the attitude of the husband was shown to be important, the current family planning program should be expended to include approach to husband. For women who must use the oral contraceptive, education and support must be enhanced so that the discontinuation rate due to side effects will be decreased.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.203-229
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• 2012

본 연구는 초등학교 병설유치원 원장을 통해 초등학교 병설유치원의 쟁점과 발전방안에 대하여 살펴봄으로써 초등학교 병설유치원의 발전 방향에 대한 유용한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 참여자는 초등학교 병설유치원에 재직 중인 원장 7명이었으며 심층면담을 통해 살펴보았다. 연구결과 연구 참여자들은 초등학교 병설유치원의 쟁점으로 유아교육에 대한 관리자들의 전문성 부족이라고 보았다. 따라서 유아교육과 유아교사에 대한 이해와 참여를 위한 겸임원장, 겸임원감들을 위한 재교육의 기회가 마련되어야 한다고 인식하였다. 다음으로 연구 참여자들은 현재 초등학교 병설유치원의 부실한 행 재정체제가 쟁점이라고 보았으며, 이를 위해 정부와 시도교육청의 행 재정체제가 구비되며 적극적인 지원이 이루어져야 한다고 제안 하였다. 마지막으로 연구 참여자들은 현재 초등학교 병설유치원에 재직 중인 교사들이 고립된 교직생활을 하고 있는 점이 쟁점이라고 토로하며, 초등학교 병설유치원 교사의 전문성 신장을 위한 장학, 컨설팅 등의 협력 체제가 구축되어야 하며 또한 유치원이 독립된 학제로서 발전할 수 있는 구체적인 방안이 마련되어야 한다고 보았다. 이상과 같은 연구 결과는 초등학교 병설유치원의 나아가야 할 바람직한 방향을 밝히는데 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것으로 사료된다.