• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2003

These days, automobile industry pays considerable attention to child occupant safety. As the US adopted requirements for universal and uniform anchor systems for child restraints, manufacturers for child seats put an enormous effort to improve the protective properties of Child Restraint System (CRS). Various standards have been studied and announced by different countries. The anchorage system is the most important in the CRS and the rules of universal anchor are to provide devices which are independent of safety belts. A new concept called International Standard Organization Fixture (ISOFIX) has been announced. It suggests some designs for the CRS. In this study, the suggested designs are evaluated with domestic products. Tests are performed and the results are incorporated into a finite element modeling process. As the finite element model is established, various numerical tests are conducted and the numerical results are discussed. A commercial software system is utilized for the nonlinear finite element analysis.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2015

Purpose: To compare injury sustained and severity of child occupant according to the types of safety restraint systems in motor vehicle crashes. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The study subjects were child occupants under the age of 8 years who visited a local emergency center following a motor vehicle crash from 2010 to 2014. According to safety restraint: child restraint systems (CRS), belted, and unbelted, we compared injuries sustained and injury severity using the maximal Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), and analyzed the characteristics of severe injuries (AIS2+). Results: Among 241 subjects, 9.1% were restrained in CRS, 14.5% were only belted, and 76.3% was unbelted at the time of the crashes. Fourteen had severe injuries (AIS2+), all of whom didn't be restrained by CRS. Injuries in face and neck were the highest in unbelted group, and MAIS and ISS were the lowest in CRS group. Conclusion: Among safety restraint systems for child occupant in motor vehicle crashes, the CRS have the preventive effect of face and neck injuries, and are the most effective safety restraint systems.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2009

최근 보육시설의 확충과 보육환경의 개선, 보육서비스 질 향상에 대한 사회적 욕구는 급속히 증가하고 있으며, 특히 화재 등으로부터 안전환경 확보가 범국가적 이슈로 대두되고 있다. 보육시설은 영유아 등 재실자의 대부분이 피난능력이 떨어지는 재해약자로 구성되어 건물 내 설치층수, 피난시설의 설치 적정성 등이 피난안전을 좌우하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 보육시설 설치현황, 국내외 관련 기준의 비교분석, 피난 관련 시설의 실태조사 등을 통하여 보육시설 피난안전성 측면에서의 문제점과 개선요소를 파악하였다. 그 결과 화재안전 관련 법규정의 체계화, 비상재해대비시설의 설치기준 및 관리에 대한 소방기관과의 연계, 스프링클러 등 보다 강화된 소방설비 설치규정의 개선, 화재위험시설과 동일 건물 내 설치금지 등이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was conducted to examine the degree of recognition of safety education and its execution for child-care teachers at daycare center for the disabled children in Jeollanam-do. Ninety six child care teachers filled out the questionnaire and the results were as follows. Results : 1. The possibility of accident prevention by the day care teachers was a little higher in case of nearby education institution. The most appropriate period of safety education was within one month. 2. Majority of child care teachers had received safety and first-aid educations before and the education was done for less than 2 hours. 3. The best educational method was practice-centered education of off-duty time. The contents of first-aid education were bleeding, fall, shock, and burn. 4. The education material and book should be available to the teachers when they need the knowledge. 5. By the annual schedule, safety education should be conducted and provided to the parents. Conclusion : This study suggested that reinforcement of contents related to emergency situation and actual first-aid as well as theory education in the process of parent and teacher education should be conducted on the basis of information of general conditions related to safety and first-aid education at the daycare center for the disabled children.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.536-546
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• 2020

본 연구는 아이돌보미의 안전지식, 안전인식, 안전효능감과 안전행동실천과의 관계를 파악하기 위하여 실시한 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 2019년 12월부터 2020년 1월까지 경상북도 소재 2개 시에서 아이돌보미 양성교육 과정을 이수하여 아이돌보미 자격을 갖춘 아이돌보미 199명을 대상으로 시행되었다. 자가 보고식 설문지를 사용하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSSWIN 25.0 Program을 이용하여 기술통계(빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차)를 실시하고, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 아이돌보미의 안전지식은 0.64(±0.09)점이었으며, 안전인식은 1.92(±0.37)점, 안전효능감은 4.18(±0.51)점, 안전행동실천은 2.55(±0.36)점이었다. 안전행동 실천은 안전지식(r=.14, p=.042), 안전효능감(r=.43, p<.001)과 안전효능감의 하위요인인 자기조절(r=.32, p<.001), 주위사람 도움(r=.40, p<.001), 주위환경 조절(r=.39, p<.001)과 유의한 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 아이돌보미의 안전행동실천 영향요인으로 안전효능감의 하부요인인 주위사람 도움(β=.24, p=.009)과 주위환경 조절(β=.19, p=.039)이었으며, 이들 요인들의 안전행동 실천 설명력은 20.0%이었다. 이와 같은 결과에 따라 아이돌보미의 안전행동 실천을 높이기 위해서는 안전효능감을 증진시키는 방안을 마련할 필요가 있다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2005

Objectives: To describe the rate of injuries among infants and toddlers. and to investigate the attitude. knowledge. and practice on safety of their mothers. Methods: The total sample consisted of 308 mothers with infants or toddlers from two public health centers in two cities in Kyunggi Province. A questionnaire was used to collect data. which was analyzed with SPSS 11.5 Win program. Results: Thirty-eight percent of the subjects had experienced home accidents. Fall. burn. and laceration were the most frequently occurred home injuries. Most of the mothers were anxious for child accidents, and $59.4\%$ of mothers thought of safety as a primary concern. The mean score of knowledge on safety was 7.63. and the mean score of practice on safety was 34.76. Safety knowledge was significantly higher in mothers with higher education. higher income. and experience of having information on safety. but safety practice was not different depending on these factors. There was a negative correlation between safety practice and child rearing burden. Conclusions: The rate of injuries among infants and toddlers was still high compared to other developed countries. This study provided basic data about the accidents of infants and toddlers. and the level of safety knowledge and safety practice of their mothers. The related factors found in this study should be considered when providing anticipatory guidance or developing injury prevention programs for mothers.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2005

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine teachers' safety education activities to determine the significant educational diagnosis variables and to identify their needs of safety education in early-child care centers based on the PRECEDE model. Methods: A total of 304 teachers in early-child care centers participated in this study selected by a multi-stage stratified sampling method considering 11 regions in Seoul, Korea. Self-report type questionnaires were posted to all teachers in 220 early-child care centers by ground mailing service and the 304 teachers completed the questionnaires. The participants' responses were anonymously coded into and analyzed in SPSS program. Results: 'Scratch or bite' was the most frequent accident type(78.3%) and the frequent accident places were 'classroom(88.8%)' and 'playground(67.8%)'. The most frequently conducted safety education activities were 'reminding children their safe behaviors at the beginning and the end of daily class' and the next was 'saving a special time for safety education.' For educational diagnosis factors, related to safety education activities, teachers' safety education activity was more frequent when teachers' safety knowledge was high(p<.001), when teachers had good application skills of their knowledge to their teaching activities(p<.001), when they had strong needs on safety training opportunities(p<.05), and their interests on safety education(p<.001). For enabling factors, class preparation by safety education guide-book review(p<.001), by development of educational materials(p<.001), and by search for the related reference (p<.001), and by participation to safety education training programs for teachers(p<.01) were the significant enabling factors on teachers' safety class activities. For the reinforcing factors, the center-wide support of safety education brochures to children (p<.001), the concerns of centers utilizing safety education specialists(p<.001), and the concerns about safety information collection out of centers(p<.001) were significant factors related with teachers' safety education activities. Conclusions: The significant educational and institutional factors on teachers' safety education activities were teachers' concerns on safety education, their interests on safety knowledge, and the strong concerns on child safety education from the centers.

• 아동학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.177-197
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to provide the basis for establishing policies and recommendations to the legal system to ensure children's safety related to playground equipment and toys. The present legal system, including national inspections and safety requirements were reviewed both in Korea and other advanced countries. Several issues were found related to accident prevention and improvement of playground and toy safety in Korea. Recommendations were made for the development of educational safety programs for children, parents, teachers, consumers, industry, administrators, and policy makers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the status of health management and to evaluate the need for health professionals in day care centers in the South Korea. Method: Data were obtained from 360 child care providers in 16 provinces from May to August, 2007. Data was analyzed using SPSS WIN 14.0. Results: Safety education (traffic. 83.8% general safety. 71.6%) was provided more often than the other topic of education. All health related education was provided by child care providers. When minor health problems occurred, the most common management strategy was to send the child home (36.1%). During emergency conditions, majority of child care providers preferred taking the children to medical centers without giving any emergency care and 19.4% reported sending the child home without any immediate care. Child care providers recognized the need for health care professionals. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the need for services of health professionals in day care centers to satisfy the needs and expectations for health management in these centers. As health professionals, public health nurses or pediatric nurse practitioners may play an important role in health management of children in day care centers.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate foodservice management practices of 100 child care centers nationwide, and to provide background information for developing foodservice management policies at child care centers. Approximately 20% of the child care centers had a separate dining room; most of the centers were vulnerable to sanitation or safety problems. The percentage of the centers that planned menus was about 60% and 10% established standardized recipes. Fourteen percent of the centers kept records for distribution and menu evaluation and 33% kept sanitation management records. Since only 7% of the centers employed a dietitian, foodservice in most centers were not managed by professionals. The results of menu assessment revealed that 56.5% of the national/public child care centers received 19 points or higher out of 21 points, whereas 5.6% of the private child care centers received the same scores. Proper usage and storage of raw food, sanitary management of equipment and facilities, waste management/leftover food treatment, and basic facility of cooking zones were performed well by many centers. The overall scores of foodservice performance were only 31.2 out of 60 points, representing relatively poor safety management, food procurement management, and facilities and equipment management. These results indicate that the foodservice management of the child care centers are in a relatively poor state. Since nutrition management of the most centers was performed by non-professionals, it may not be possible to provide proper nutrition for health and normal growth of preschool children and to perform efficient nutrition education programs. The following suggestions are strongly recommended in order to improve foodservice performance at child care centers. First, foodservice administration should be performed by a dietitian, and second, efforts should be focused on strengthening nutrition and sanitation management.