• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 서울시내 256곳의 판매점에서 구입한 축산물 및 수산물에서 Enterococcus faecalis 와 Enterococcus facium을 분리하였으며 분리된 균주의 항생제 내성양상과 vancomycin 내성 유전자 보유여부를 검증하였다. 총 256개 시료 중 117개에서 E. faecalis(40.6%)와 E. faecium(5.1%)가 검출되어 45.7%의 분리율을 나타내었다. 축산물은 192개 중 105개 균주가 분리되어 54.7%의 분리율을 나타내었는데 닭고기에서 가장 높은 68.8%의 분리율을, 돼지고기에서 50.0%의 분리율을, 쇠고기에서 45.3%의 분리율을 나타내었다. 횟감어류에서는 18.8%의 분리율을 나타내었다. 분리된 균주에 대한 항생제 내성 양상은 10종의 항생제 디스크를 이용하여 검증하였다. Tetracycline의 내성률이 52.1%로 가장 높았으며, erythromycin의 내성률이 27.4%로 두 번째로 높게 나타났다. Ampicillin과 penicillin는 1개의 균주를 제외하고는 모두 감수성을 보였으며, amoxicillin & clavulanic acid에는 모든 균주가 감수성을 보였다. Vancomycin에는 모든 균주가 감수성을 보여 VRE는 검출되지 않았다. 분리된 균주의 vancomycin 내성유전자의 검출은 multiplex PCR을 이용하여 vanA gene과 vanB gene 보유여부를 확인하였다. vanA gene이 검출된 균주는 없었으나, vancomycin에 감수성을 나타내던 9개의 균주에서 vanB gene이 검출되어 VRE균 출현의 잠재적인 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2005

목 적 : 다양한 감염성 질환에서 CRP, 백혈구 수 및 중성구 분획의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 1996년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 가톨릭대학교 대전성모병원에 입원한 환아 중 세균성 질환인 세균성 수막염(19명)과 급성 신우신염(55명), 대표적인 바이러스 질환인 홍역(274명), 수두(38명), 마이코플라즈마 질환인 마이코플라즈마 폐렴(160명), 리케치아 질환인 쯔쯔가무시병(39명) 및 감염이 원인으로 여겨지는 가와사끼병(152명)으로 입원한 환아들을 대상으로 의무 기록지를 후향적으로 조사 분석하였다. 결 과 : CRP 값은 세균성 수막염($17.9{\pm}6.4mg/dL$), 가와사끼병($9.1{\pm}5.6mg/dL$), 급성 신우신염($8.1{\pm}3.3mg/dL$) 순으로 높았다. 마이코플라즈마 폐렴과 쯔쯔가무시병(타세균성 질환)이 $3.2{\pm}2.5mg/dL$, 홍역 및 수두의 바이러스성 질환에서는 $1.0{\pm}0.8mg/dL$를 보였다. 백혈구 수 및 중성구 분획에서도 세균성 질환들과 타세균성 질환 및 바이러스성 질환에서 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 가와사끼병의 경우 세균성 질환과 유사한 결과를 보였다. 세균성 질환 및 가와사끼병에서 CRP 값과 백혈구 수 및 호중구 분획 사이에 상관관계가 있었다(P<0.01). 결 론 : 다양한 감염 질환에서 평균 CRP 값과 백혈구 수 및 중성구 분획은 병원체에 따라 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 하나의 감염성 질환에서 백혈구 수와 중성구 분획은 연령에 따라 차이를 보였으며, 세균성 질환에서 CRP 값과 호중구 수와는 서로 연관이 있었다.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2004

Purpose : This study was conducted to understand the health status and health behaviors of preschoolers to provide baseline data for developing health promotion programs. Method 'Parents of children attending day-care centers and guardians of preschoolers were recruited for the study. Data were collected from June to August2002 using a structured questionnaire. Result . Among 754 preschoolers, 17,3% were overweight, while 18.2% were underweight, while 15.9% and 23.2% were overweight and underweight respectively, among 85 children living with guardians. The most frequent infectious diseases that children have had previously were hand-foot-mouth disease, chicken pox, and measles. Current health conditions that children have frequently are respiratory disease and atopic dermatitis for bother groups. Only 54%-61% brush their teeth everyday at bedtime, 49%-54% wash their hands every time after returning home, 4.5%-8.8%wear bicycle helmets, 9,3%-11.1% use a child car seat, and 3.5%-8.1% eat fruits and vegetables five times a day, Children living with guardians were less likely toper form positive health behaviors compared with children in day-care centers. Conclusion 'Based on the study results, health professionals could plan and develop health promotion programs to change unhealthy behaviors of preschoolers targeting high-risk groups.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.377-380
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• 1992

보르나병 바이러스 혈청학적 진단법에 있어서 새로 개발된 세포효소면역법의 항체검출에 대한 평가를 위하여 지금까지 주로 사용되어진 간접형광항체법과 네 종류의 실험동물에서 서로 비교하였다. 모든 동물에서 간접형광항체법의 역가와 세포효소면역반응치 사이에 상관계수가 모두 0.8 이상으로 고도의 유의성이 인정되었고 두 진단법의 일치율은 한 희석단계 이하로서 재현성이 아주 좋았다. 세포효소면역반응법은 보르나병 바이러스의 혈청역학적 조사 및 병인기전 연구에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1992

The efficacy of B$_1$l live vaccine which is used successfully in chicken was examined against Newcastle disease in quails. A total of 480 male quails were divided into 4 groups, of which 3 groups were vaccinated via drinking water, eye instillation and spraying method and the remaining was employed as a nonvaccinated control group. At 3 weeks after the first vaccination a part of quails in each group was revaccinated. Efficacy of the vaccine was evaluated by the antibody responses and the protection rates after challenge with a virulent NDV. Vaccination of quails with $B_1$ NDV at 10 days of age resulted in beneficial effect compared to nonvaccinated group regardness of vaccination methods adopted although general protection rates were considerably low. Twice vaccination gave higher protection than once vaccination. Hemagglutination inhibition antibody responeses were significantly higher in groups of quails vaccinated by spray and eye instillation method than by drinking water administration. Antibody responses were marked at 2 weeks onward and until 5 to 7 weeks after vaccination. Antibody responses were rapid and marked after second vaccination. However, antibody level did not last longer than 5 to 7 weeks postvaccination. Vaccine caused no adverse effect on quails in terms of growth'rate, body temperature or clinical signs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.767-771
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• 2005

Expression in yeast may prove more amenable to generating large amounts of viral antigens for a vaccine candidate. We, therefore, cloned the gene encoding the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural proteins (C-El-E2, c740) fused in-frame with, and immediately 3' to, the chicken-lysozyme signal peptide (C-SIG) gene and under the control of the yeast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene promoter. In yeast, the HCV structural proteins were expressed in two different forms: a processed and a nonprocessed aggregated form. Biophysical characterization by sucrose linear gradient centrifugation revealed that both forms were present in the same fractions with a buoyant density of 1.127-1.176 g/$cm^3$. These findings suggest that the efficient synthesis of HCV structural proteins in yeast may be an important tool to study virus assembly and may lead to the development of an HCV vaccine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1051-1056
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• 2002

In vitro binding efficacy of esterified glucomannan (E-GM) (0.1%) on aflatoxin B1 (AF) (300 ppb), ochratoxin A (OA) (2 ppm) and T-2 toxin (T-2) (3 ppm), when present alone or in combination, was evaluated in toxin-contaminated feed at pH 4.5 and 6.5. Esterified glucomannan showed significantly (p<0.01) higher binding with AF (81.6%), whereas those recorded with T-2 (27.8%) and OA (25.6%) were moderate. Binding of each toxin decreased as the number of toxins in feed increased. pH of medium showed no effect on mycotoxin binding ability of E-GM. A $2{\times}2{\times}2{\times}2$ factorial experiment of 5 week duration was conducted to study the effects of two dietary levels each of AF (0 and 300 ppb), OA (0 and 2 ppm), T-2 (0 and 3 ppm ) and E-GM (0 and 0.1%) on the immune competence of a total of 960 day-old commercial broilers. Reductions in size of thymus (by AF and T-2) and bursa (by AF) and antibody titers against Newcastle disease and Infectious Bursal disease (by all the toxins) were noted. Additive and antagonistic interactions were seen among the toxins on certain parameters. Esterified glucomannan significantly (p<0.01) improved antibody titers and weights of bursa ofFabricius and thymus indicating its counteracting efficacy against immunosuppression in mycotoxicosis of multiple origin.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.313-323
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• 1998

In order to establish a sensitive and specific diagnostic method for detection of antibody to Salmonella pullorum, a enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was designed and standardized. The diagnostic efficacy of the established ELISA was compared with that of the serum plate agglutination test and immunodiffusion test for pullorum disease. 1. The chicken hyperimmune sera to Salmonella pullorum, S gallinarum, S typhimurium and S typhi were shown the cross reaction to S pullorum antigen by serum plate agglutination test. 2. When compared the cross reaction titer of microplate agglutination test for chickens hyperimmune sera, it was found that the titer were 64 in S pullorum, 32 in S gallinarum, 4 in S typhimurium and 8 in S typhi, respectively. 3. When compared the specificity of various antigen(HA, EA, PA and SA) by the immunodiffusion test, the most suitable antigen was phenol-treated bactrium. 4. The optimal concentration of S pullorum antigen for ELISA was 1 : 160 dilution of bacterium. 5. The efficacy of the ELISA for detection of S pullorum antibody was compared with serum Plate agglutination test and immunodiffusion test in chickens infected with S pullorum. The antibody was first detected at 6 days after infection using three tests examined. The antibody was alldetected at 9 days by ELISA, at 12 days by serumplate agglutination test, at 15 days by immunodiffusion test.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2007

Purpose: To investigate health problems in child day care centers, needs for Child Care Health Programs, and management of sick children by day-care staff. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Day-care staff (N=206) from 33 day care centers in Seoul, completed a structured questionnaire. Results: Almost half of the day-care staff (53.4%) experienced sick events in their child at least once a month. The most frequently reported difficulty in having a sick child was in not having a health professional to consult, and almost all day-care staff (99.5%) had asked parents not to bring a sick child to the day care center. The biggest reason of exclusion was due to infectious disease including measles, chicken pox, mumps, diarrhea·vomiting, and pink eye. The majority of day-care staff (97.6%) agreed that there is a need for Center-based Child Care Health Program (CCCHP), and expected general health & illness management, and special care for chronic disease from CCCHP. Conclusion: These results showed a high incidence of sickness in children in day care centers, and there were great demands for a Center-based Child Care Health Program for day-care staff. Also the results of this study can be utilized as a basis for the establishment of child care policy in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.465-470
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• 2009

The chicken Mx gene has been regarded as a candidate gene for resistance to avian influenza virus (AIV). In this study, three groups of chickens with homozygotes (AA, GG) and heterozygotes (AG) of the resistant (A) and susceptible alleles (G) to AIV of the Mx gene were constructed from a line of dwarf egg-type chickens. These chickens were not examined for their resistant activities to AIV because the differential resistance had only been detected in vitro. The birds of the three groups were vaccinated with inactivated H5N2 AIV vaccine and the level of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody to AIV was detected. The association between disease resistant activity to AIV and antibody response to AIV vaccination in the three groups was analyzed. The chickens with homozygous resistant allele A showed the lowest antibody levels, whereas the heterozygous chickens (AG) presented the highest antibody level after the boosting vaccination, which indicates that the efficiency of artificial selection on the resistant allele of Mx gene will be compromised since the homozygotes of the allele presented the weakest antibody response to the corresponding vaccine.