• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.191-197
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• 2013

To classify the chemical hazard according to globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals (GHS), we investigated the genotoxicity of three chemicals, methyl myristate, 2-ethylhexanoic acid zinc salt, N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine, using male ICR mice bone marrow cells for the screening of micronucleus induction. Although these three chemicals have already been tested numerous times, a micronucleus test has not been conducted. The seven week-old male ICR mice were tested at three dosages for the three chemicals, respectively. After 24 h of oral administration with the three chemicals, the mice were sacrificed and their bone marrow cells were prepared for smearing slides. As a result of counting the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) of 2,000 polychromatic erythrocytes, all treated groups expressed no statistically significant increase of MNPCE compared to the negative control group. There were no clinical signs related with the oral exposure of these three chemicals. It was concluded that these three chemicals did not induce micronucleus in the bone marrow cells of ICR mice, and there was no direct proportion with dosage. These results indicate that the three chemicals have no mutagenic potential under each test condition, and it is not classified these chemicals as mutagens by GHS.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1996

In the present study, the antigenic potential of G009, a polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum IY009, was determined in BALB/C mice and Hartley guinea pigs. Antigenicity tests, including passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) were performed according to the established guidelines of National Institute of Safety Research. The results were as follows: 1. Mice showed no production of antibodies against G009 sensitized with an adjuvant, aluminum hydroxide gel (alum), when judged by the heterologous PCA test in rats. Meanwhile, antibodies against ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized with alum were clearly detected. 2. In the studies with guinea pigs, both the sensitization of G009 alone and of G009 with complete Freund's adjutant (CFA) did not produce positive reactions in homologous PCA. In the case of ASA, however, G009 alone and G009 with CFA produced positive reactions. 3. No G009 specific reaction was observed in an IHA assay using sera isolated from G009 sensitized mice. These findings suggest that G009 have no antigenicity potential in mice but may have weak antigenicity in guinea pjgs.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2006

This paper reports an improved bonding method using the IPA (isopropyl alcohol) assisted low-temperature bonding process for the PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) micro CE (capillary electrophoresis) chip. There is a problem about channel deformations during the conventional processes such as thermal bonding and solvent bonding methods. The bonding test using an IPA showed good results without channel deformations over 4 inch PMMA wafer at $60^{\circ}C$ and 1.3 bar for 10 minutes. The mechanism of IPA bonding was attributed to the formation of a small amount of vaporized acetone made from the oxidized IPA which allows to solvent bonding. To verify the usefulness of the IPA assisted low-temperature bonding process, the PMMA micro CE chip which had a $45{\mu}m$ channel height was fabricated by hot embossing process. A functional test of the fabricated CE chip was demonstrated by the separation of fluorescein and dichlorofluorescein. Any leakage of liquids was not observed during the test and the electropherogram result was successfully achieved. An IPA assisted low-temperature bonding process could be an easy and effective way to fabricate the PMMA micro CE chip and would help to increase the yield.

• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 2017

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder which affects millions of population worldwide. Global estimates published in 2010 reported the world diabetic prevalence as 6.4%, affecting 285 million adults. Foot ulceration and wound infection are major forms of disabilities arising from diabetic diseases. This study was aimed to develop a natural antimicrobial finishing on medical grade textile that meets American Association of Textiles Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) standard. The textile samples were finished with the ethanolic extract of Penicillium amestolkiae elv609, an endophytic fungus isolated from Orthosiphon stamineus Benth (common name: cat's whiskers). Endophyte is defined as microorganism that reside in the living plant tissue, without causing apparent disease symptom to the host. The antimicrobial efficacy of the ethanolic extract of P. minioluteum was tested on clinical pathogens isolated from diabetic wound. The extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity against 4 bacteria and 1 yeast with the minimal inhibitory concentration ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The results indicate different susceptibility levels of the test microorganism to the ethanolic extract. However, the killing activity of the extract was concentration-dependent. The finished medical textile showed excellent antimicrobial efficacy on AATCC test assays. All the microbial cultures treated with the textile sample displayed a growth reduction of 99.9% on Hoheinstein Challenge Test. The wash durability of the finished textile was found good even after 50 washes with commercial detergent. Besides, the gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that 6-octadecenoic acid and diethyl phthalate were the main bioactive constituents of the extract. In conclusion, the developed medical textile showed good antimicrobial efficacy on laboratory tests. This work can be extended to in vivo trials for developing healthcare textile products for antimicrobial applications.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.587-596
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• 2017

In this study, multi-chambered single autoinjector(2in1) and KMARK-1 containing atropine and 2-PAM(pyridine-2-aldoxime methylchloride) were administered to the beagle's muscle, and blood samples were taken for a certain period of time to compare and evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of the two drugs. Male beagles were used and classified into two test groups(G1, G2), and crossover pharmacokinetic studies were performed in two test groups. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein for analysis after administration. The 90 % confidence interval(CI) for log transformed data indicated that the Cmax for both atropine(log 0.9683 ~ log 1.113) and 2-PAM(log 0.9453 ~ log 1.214) was within the limits of bioequivalence criteria, but the AUC for atropine(log 1.1786 ~ log 1.3238) failed to meet this criteria. This is expected as the amount of atropine dose is 25 % higher for the test as compared to the reference formulation. In summary, in view of the ATNAA(antidote for nerve agent of US) authorization, the Cmax equivalence was more important than AUC equivalence, so in this study, we also focused on verifying the equality of Cmax between the two autoinjectors.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.447-452
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• 2010

A series of 5-alkoxy-tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinolines were synthesized to evaluate their anticonvulsant and antidepressant effects. Anticonvulsant effects and neurotoxicity of the compounds when injected intraperitoneally to mice were determined by a maximal electroshock (MES) test and a rotarod test, respectively. Only three of the synthesized compounds (4a, 4b, 4c) displayed anticonvulsant activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Most of the compounds significantly reduced immobility times during the forced swimming test (FST) at a dose of 100 mg/kg, indicative of antidepressant activity. Among the compounds, 5-(2-fluorobenzyloxy)tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline (4k) reduced immobility time by 66.85% at 30 mg/kg compared with the same dose of Fluoxetine, which reduced immobility time by 52.30%. According to the results of the 5-Hydroxytryptophan induced head-twitch test and yohimbine toxicity potentiation test, the noradrenergic system seems not to be involved in the antidepressant-like effect of compound 4k while the serotonergic system seems a little to be involved.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.173-179
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• 1994

Epoxy coated bars protecting reinforcing bars from corrosion and enhancing durability of reinforced concrete structures are tested to evaluate corrosion protection properties. Tests are performed based on the relevant sta.ndards of KS and ASTM, such as chenical resistance, salt water spray, salt crock test and chloride ermeability test. with the main varlable of the coating thlckness. Test results show good chemical protection property and chloride permeability. The results of the salt water spray and the salt crock test show that epoxy coating well protects the reinforcing bars from corrosion, cornparing to the biack bars without epoxy coatmg. However, several spots on the coated bars are rusted at the pinholes or un the bars with coating thickness less thar $200{\mu}M$. Special cautions are required i n the process of blast cleanmg when applying the usion-bonded epoxy coating.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2015

This study is intended to provide navigator with specific information necessary to assist the avoidance of collision and the operation of ships to evaluate the maneuverability of dead weight tonnage 8,000 tons Oil/Chemical tanker. The actual maneuvering characteristics of ship can be adequately judged from the results of typical ship trials. Author carried out sea trials based full scale for turning test, Z" maneuvering test, man overboard rescue maneuver test, inertia stopping test. Consequently, $2^{st}$ Overshoot yaw angle of the semi balanced rudder and flap rudder in ${\pm}20^{\circ}$ zig-zag test showed $22.2^{\circ}$ and $18.0^{\circ}$, respectively. The maneuverability of the vessel was good in the flap rudder. The man overboard rescue maneuver maneuverability test was most favorable in the flap rudder and the full load condition. The results from tests could be compared directly with the standards of maneuverability of IMO and consequently the maneuvering qualities of the ship is full satisfied with its.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.2131-2137
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• 2013

In this work, the key intermediate, 4-amino-4'-(2-amino-4-anilino-1,3,5-triazine-6-yl)-aminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, was prepared from 4-(2-amino-4-anilino-1,3,5-triazine-6-yl)amino-4'-nitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate by using Tin(II) chloride as the reducing agent. Using this intermediate, nineteen new asymmetrically substituted bistriazinylstilbene fluorescent brightening agents were synthesized. Chemical structures of the obtained compounds 5a-s were analyzed by proton NMR spectrum. The physical properties of the new compounds 5a-s were characterized by fastness test and whiteness measurement test and the obtained data were compared to measurements obtained from CI 86.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.22 no.A
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• pp.161-168
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• 2002

Latex modified concrete is governed by both cement hydration and polymer film formation processes in its binder phase. Such the reactions are expected to improve the polymer-cement co-matrixes themselves and the bond between the cement hydrates and aggregates, and to improve the properties of hardened latex-modified concrete. The purpose of this study was to study the strength and chemical resistance of Rapid-setting latex modified concrete(RSLMC) with the main experimental variables such as latex content(0, 5, 10, 15, 20%) and water-cement ratio(36, 38, 40%) at latex content 15%. Water absorption test was earned out to estimate water permeability resistance. Chemical resistance test was carried out to measure the weight change and to observe the appearance of RSLMC immersion in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and calcium choloride.