• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate residual organochlorine pesticides in green house soil and green perilla leaves. Extraction and clean-up method were developed using the modified QuEChERS method for residual organochlorine pesticides (ROCPs) in soil and green perilla leaves. Recovery and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of ROCPs in greenhouse soil and green perilla leaves were 76.3-113.4 and 79.4-107.3%, 0.03-0.24 and $0.33-0.50{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. Detected ROCPs in greenhouse soil were dieldrin and endosulfan sulfate, the residue were 1.6-9.2 and $22.0-87.8{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. But two pesticides in all green perilla leaf samples were not detected. These results showed that ROCPs residue in greenhouse soil was lower than the level of bioaccumulation occurring.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 1999

The chemical composition and ruminal dry matter digestibilities of leaves, stems and roots of Aralia cordata Thunberg were determined and compared each other as a roughage sources for ruminants. The crude protein contents were higher for leaves(12.4%) than for leaves+stems (9.7%), stem(5.1%) and roots (3.8%) (P<0.05). The crude fat contents were higher for leaves (3.7%) than for roots (2.1%) and stems (1.3%) (P<0.05). The crude fiber contents were lower for roots (12.3%) than for leaves (15.0%), leaves+stems (27.7%) and stems (40.3%) (P<0.05), respectively. The contents of neutral detergent fiber were lower for leaves (30.2%) than for leaves+stems (42.0%), roots (50.8%) and stems (60.0%) (P<0.05), respectively. The contents of acid detergent fiber were lower for root(18.3%) than for leaves(21.4%). leaves+stems (37.5%) and stems (49.6%) (P<0.05), respectively. The calcium content of leaves(2.4%) were higher than those of stems and roots (0.97% and 0.69%), however the phosphorus contents were similar among leaves, stems and roots(0.25%, 0.19% and 0.35%). Ruminal dry matter digestibilities for 12, 24, 48 and 72hr of leaves(38.9%, 65.9%, 79.8% and 82.4%) and roots(38.9%, 59.8%, 77.6% and 78.5%) were higher than stems(31.1%, 44.1%, 49.5% and 52.6%). Furthermore the digestibilities of leaves were higher than those of alfalfa hay(37.4%, 48.8%, 67.8% and 71.8%) and although the digestibilities of stems which were the lowest among the parts were higher than those of acasia wood chip(12.6%, 18.2%, 21.6% and 24.3%).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.347-352
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• 1987

This studies were carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates and methods of its application on maturity of leaves, total nitrogen and total alkaloids concentration in burley tobacco leaves. Nitrogen rate ranged from 17.5 to 40.5kg/10a and applied through basic fertilization and sidedressing. The filling capacity of cured leaves was decreased with increasing levels of nitrogen fertilizer. As the rate of nitrogen fertilization was increased or sidedressing, the maturity of leaves was delayed and total alkaloids and total nitrogen concentration were increased. Total alkaloids concentration in leaves was gradually increased, especially more in upper leaves from 60 to no days after tratnsplanting, but total nitrogen concentration was decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1986

The fragility, which express the fineness index, increased linearly with the moisture content for various tobacco shreds and showed a high correlation to the moisture content. Then, fineness index (FIs) at reference moisture content(l2.5%) was obtained by following equation. FIs=FIm+A(12.5-Mm) A" denote the gradient of simple linear regression equation between the fineness index and moisture content. FIm; the fineness index measured at the standard moisture content(12.5%). The characteristics of fragility concerning with some kinds of tobacco raw materials, stalk position, moisture content and storaged time were investigated. The following results were obtained. 1. The moisture content range of less fragile of tobacco raw material was from 16% to 20%. whereas the rolled process sheet tobacco was from 12% to 16%. 2. The Bright yellow and the paper process sheet tobacco were less fragile than that of the other tobacco raw materials. 3. The leaves were more distant from middle stalk position, and its become more fragile. 4. Physical properties of the storaged tobacco leaves were determined as a function of each storageunction of each storage time. The long-term storaged leaves(more than 3 years) were slightly lighter weight, more fragility and lower equilbrium moisture content than thos of the mid-term storaged leaves.(less than 3 years). 5. Contents of chemical component of the storaged leaves were determined every storage time. The long-term storaged leaves were slightly lower content of nicotine and chlorine than those of mid-term storaged leaves, but contents of crude fiber, total ash and calcium were increased significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2003

To get the informations of quality uniformity of threshed burley tobacco produced from 1997 to 2001 and processed at various leaf processing factories, chemical constituents contents and coefficient of variation(C.V.) were analysed. The average chemical constituents contents of 12 grades during 5 years ranged as follows; nicotine 1.76～2.66%, total nitrogen 4.15～4.80%, crude ash 21.6～22.4% and chlorine 1.08～1.20%. The variations of chemical constituents contents among crop years was higher in nicotine while lower in crude ash. The nicotine content of upper leaves were influenced negatively by rainfalls, while total nitrogen content were influenced positively by air temperature and sunshine hours during July. The C.V. of chemical content in same grade was higher in chlorine and nicotine while lower in crude ash. The ratio of C.V. among leaf tobacco processing factories/C.V. of total sample in same grade was high in nicotine. To reduce the C.V. of chemical constituents, it is recommendable to thresh the leaf tobacco at one processing factory. When the leaves being processed at one factory, the decreasing effect of deviation was higher in nicotine, particularly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2003

To investigate the effects of reduction of leaf processing factories on the uniformity of processed leaf quality, the contents and their C.V.(Coefficient of Variation) of chemical constituents of flue-cured leaf tobacco produced from 1997 to 2001 and processed at various factories were analysed. The average leaf chemical contents of 12 grades for 5 years ranged as follows ; nicotine 2.00∼0.85%. total sugar 10.7∼16.9%, total nitrogen 2.36∼2.78%, crude ash 14.6∼15.6% and chlorine 0.50∼0.75%. The variations of chemical contents among crop years was higher in total sugar content while lower in crude ash content. The C.V. of chemical content in same grade leaves was higher in chlorine content while lower in total nitrogen and crude ash contents, and the ratio of C.V. among processing factories/C.V. in total population was higher in total sugar content while lower in crude ash content. When the leaves were processed at one factory, the deviations of chemical contents reduced considerably. Particularly, the decreasing effect of deviation was higher in total sugar content.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.307-310
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• 2004

It was found that seed germination and seedling growth of selected species were inhibited by phytotoxic substance released from fir trees. The aqueous extracts of leaves caused significant inhibition in the seed germination of the receptor plants, Whereas seed germination of some species was not inhibited in extracts of leaves, but seedling elongation of the receptor plants was also decreased by the aqueous extract. Dry weight growth was slightly increased in lower concentration of the extract, while that was proportionally inhibited by higher concentration of the extracts. Chemical substances of fir trees were shown the biological toxicity. The GC method was employed for analysis of phytotoxic chemicals and sixteen chemical substances were identified such as benzoic, phenylacetic, etc. Also 33 volatile substances were identified from the fir tree. These chemical compounds are assumed the substances related to allelopathic potential of Abies holophylla plant species.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 1991

To find out allelopathic potential of naturally occurring substances emitted form pinus korairnsis, water extracts and volatile sudstances of the tree materials werw provided and used for tests such as seed germination and seedling growth test. In general, the more was the concentration of the extracts and essential oils, the worse was growth effects of the selected species. The germination an the growth were inversely proportional to the concentration of the extracts and the essential oils of p. koraiensis. in other words, the chemical substances had the biological toxic activity. gc and gc/ms methods were employed for analysis and identification of phytotoxic substances from the tree leaves. Sixteen chemical compounds were identified from water extracts and nineteen from essential oils of p. koraiensis leaves. Through the experiment on germination and seedling growth test, the chemical substances naturally occurring from p. koraiensis seemed to be responsible for the allelopathic potential in this study.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 2009

Pharmacological investigations were carried out with aqueous methanolic extract (AME) of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. (Meliaceae) leaves. Acute toxicity studies revealed that the $LD_{50}$ dose of AME was 600 mg/kg, i.p. AME was found to possess significant anti-inflammatory activity in acute, sub-chronic and chronic models of inflammation. AME selectively inhibited cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity, which is involved in arachidonic acid metabolism and biosynthesis of prostaglandins under inflammatory conditions. Treatment with AME significantly enhanced total peritoneal cell count and the number of macrophages in normal mice, which revealed that AME may also alter the immune response along with its anti-inflammatory effect. The saponins or the alkaloids present in AME may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 1988

Pot experiment was conducted to find out the effect of lime application on yield and chemical composition of burley tobacco in 1986, Lime increased exchangeable calcium and pH of soil, but decreased Al, Fe and Mn concentrations. Yield was increased by lime application, however lime could not be caused to yield increasing in the soil with high calcium contents. Cored leaves of limed Plot contained higher Mg. K, total nitrogen, NO3-nitrogen, water soluble and insoluble ash, alkalinity number of water soluble and insoluble ash, citric and malic acid, but lower Fe, Mn, protein-nitrogen, NH3-nitrogen, nicotine petroleum ether extract, palmitic and linolenic acid concentrations than those of unlined plot. The linoleic acid and volatile neutral constituents of cured leaves were not affected by liming. Lime increased yield, however it did not affect leaf duality in respect to chemical characteristics, suggesting that liming should be necessary for tobacco cultivation.