• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.718-725
• /
• 2013

Components extracted from 7 species and 18 populations of Chrysosplenium in Korea were compared and analyzed using GC-MS analysis. 57 components (${\geq}80%$ quality) were identified, of which neophytadiene, palmitic acid and phytol were found at all the taxa. Percentage composition of isolated extracts showed a clear difference in components type and GC-MS profile. On the basis of that result, data matrix was made and cluster analysis using UPGMA was conducted. From the result of cluster analysis, two groups were recombined; one with alternate leaves comprised C. japonicum in Ser. Alternifolia and C. flagelliferum in Ser. Flagellifera and the other with opposite leaves gradationally comprised C. psuedofauriei in Ser. Sinica, C. ramosum in Ser. Oppositifolia and C. sphaerospermum, C. valdepilosum, C. flaviflorum in Ser. Pilosa. These chemotaxonomic results agreed in general with those of existing studies on external morphology and molecular. In conclusion, chemical composition can be an useful characters in understanding the relation analysis among interspecific and intraspecific complex with the help of cluster analysis of 7 species and 18 populations of Chrysosplenium in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.12
• /
• pp.1691-1700
• /
• 2012

The experiment studied the effect of harvesting frequencies and varieties on yield, chemical composition and hydrogen cyanide content in cassava foliage. Foliage from three cassava varieties, K94 (very bitter), K98-7 (medium bitter) and a local (sweet), were harvested in three different cutting cycles, at 3, 6 and 9 months; 6 and 9 months and 9 months after planting, in a 2-yr experiment carried out in Hanoi, Vietnam. Increasing the harvesting frequency increased dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) production in cassava foliage. The K94 variety produced higher foliage yields than the other two varieties. Dry matter, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and total tannin content increased with months to the first harvest, whereas CP content decreased. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) content was lower at the first harvest than at later harvests for all cutting cycles. At subsequent harvests the content of total tannins tended to decline, while HCN content increased (p<0.05). Chemical composition differed somewhat across varieties except for total tannins and ash. Dry matter, NDF, ADF and total tannins were higher in fully matured leaves, while CP and HCN were lower in developing leaves.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.150-153
• /
• 2003

Methanol extract obtained from Lindera erythocarpa leaves was successively fractionated with n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and $H_2O$. From ethylacetate fraction, an active fraction was isolated through repeated silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, and was identified as a stereoisomer complex of methyllucidone by MS and MMR analyses. The complex showed 85% antifungal activity at 50 {\mu}g/ml$ against the disease wheat leaf rust.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.659-664
• /
• 2016

Lindera obtusiloba has been used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of blood stasis and inflammation. The leaves of Lindera obtusiloba have been reported to exhibit various physiological activities. However, there is little information available on their antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lindera obtusiloba leaf extract (LLE) on platelet activities, coagulation and thromboembolism. In a platelet aggregation study, LLE significantly inhibited various agonist-induced platelet aggregations in vitro and ex vivo. Furthermore, LLE significantly inhibited collagen-induced thromboxane A2 (TXA2) production in rat platelets. In addition, oral administration of LLE was protective in a mouse model of pulmonary thromboembolism induced by intravenous injection of a mixture of collagen and epinephrine. Interestingly, LLE did not significantly alter prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This study indicates that the antithrombotic effects of LLE might be due to its antiplatelet activities rather than anticoagulation. Taken together, these results suggest that LLE may be a candidate preventive and therapeutic agent in cardiovascular diseases associated with platelet hyperactivity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.86-91
• /
• 2009

In our ongoing search for biological components from the Korea endemic plants, the MeOH extract of Ailanthus altissima leaves (Simaroubaceae) showed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) dual inhibitory activity by assessing their effects on the production of prostaglandin $D_2$ ($PGD_2$) and leukotriene $C_4$ ($LTC_4$) in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). In further study, eight compounds, squalene (1), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (2), scopoletin (3), quercetin (4), luteolin (5), astragalin (6), scopolin (7), and daucosterol (8) were isolated, the chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical and spectroscopic data and by comparison with those of published literatures. Among the compounds, 2, 4, and 5 strongly inhibited both the COX-2-dependent PGD2 generation with $IC_{50}$ values of 2.6, 7.3 and 2.5 ${\mu}M$, respectively and the generation of $LTC_4$ in the 5-LOX dependent phase with $IC_{50}$ values of 2.0, 5.1 and 1.8 ${\mu}M$, respectively, which suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of A. altissima might occur in part via the inhibition of both $PGD_2$ and $LTC_4$ generation by 2, 4 and 5.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.94-98
• /
• 2011

Proximate chemical components (protein, oil, carbohydrate, ash, fiber, and starch) were determined from tubers grown in upland and wetland conditions. The contents of crude protein, oil, carbohydrate, and starch were higher in upland condition than in wetland condition. Eight gibberellins were commonly identified and quantified in leaves and tuber of chufa grown in wetland and upland field during growing season. Gibberellin content was always higher specifically in the leaves and tubers grown in wetland condition than in those grown in upland condition. The current knowledge of gibberellin biosynthesis suggests that the two endogenous bio-active gibberellins both $GA_1$ and $GA_4$ are differently metabolized according to cultural conditions. Major gibberellin biosynthesis route is ascertained dominantly the non C-13 hydroxylation pathway leading $GA_4$ in chufa plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 1986

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of circulating air volume to chemical composition of tobacco leaves during the bulk curing. The results were as follows : The decrease of circulating air volume prolonged curing time as the case of a 0.058m3/min. kg; but, no remarkable changes with a 0.11m3/min. kg and a 0.083m3/min. kg. When the circulating air volume was decreased, compared with 0.11m3/min. kg, sugar content was increased while total nitrogen and nicotine content showed a reduced values. In case of a 0.058m3/min. kg and a 0.083m3/min.kg, solanone and damascenone were high. Some of volatile neutral constituents and volatile organic acids were increased during curing process ; especially, their quantities were remarkably increased during the midrib drying stage. As circulating air volume decreased the equilibrium moisture content was increased, while leaf shatter index and filling capacity were decreased.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.1035-1038
• /
• 2009

Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of Diospyros kaki leaves led to the isolation of osmanthuside H (1) and a new phenol glycoside, named gamnamoside [4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenol $\beta$-D-apiofuranosyl( 1 $\rightarrow$ 6)$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside] (2) along with (-) catechin (3) through a series of reversed phase column chromatography and preparative C18 HPLC. The structures of the isolates were determined by spectroscopic methods including IR, UV, HRTOFMS, and 2D NMR. Compounds 1, 2, and 3, showed good inhibitory activities ($IC_{50}$) of 175.4, 94.4, and 126.6 ${\mu}g/mL$ respectively, whereas a reversible ADH inhibitor, 4-methylpyrazole, showed the $IC_{50}$ of 326.6 ${\mu}g/mL$ against alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2001

Experiments were conducted to evaluated the sucker control efficiency of several suckercides and their combinations for flue-cured tobacco in Korea. In 1999, Flumetralin(Prime+, P+), Butralin(B), Fatty alcohol(FA, n-decanol 85%), pottasium salt of maleic hydrazide(MH), tank mix of MH with P+ (MH·P+), and another tank mix of MH with FA(MH·FA) were applied after topping, respectively, then sucker number and sucker dry weight were investigated on the 30th and 50th day from treatment. Sucker number and dry weight were significantly lowered by P+, B, FA and MH·P+ applications compared with those of MH and MH·FA for both investigated periods. A significant reduction in sucker number and dry weight was observed in P+, B, and MH·P+ applications. FA treatment was not so much effective in sucker control as P+. In 1999 and 2000, several suckercides and tank mixes of their combinations were applied first at button stage and second after topping, respectively, to compare the effects of sucker control on yield, price index and chemical components of cured leaves. Compared to the standard method of FA 30x at button stage followed by MH40x application after topping(FA 30x + MH 40x), sucker number and dry weight decreased by [FA 30x (or P+ 1%] or [FA 30x(or B 1.5%) + MH 60x·B 1.5%] treatments, even at reduced MH levels. But yield, price index and chemical components of cured leaves were not differed among treatments.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.320-323
• /
• 1999

The anti-allergic actions of the leaves of Castanea crenata (Fagaceae) were studied. The water extract demonstrated potent anti-allergic actions in in vivo and in vitro experiments. The oral or intraperitoneal administration of the extract (100 or 200 mg/kg) caused a significant inhibition of the 48 hr-PCA (up to 90%) and the vascular permeability induced by histamine or serotonin in rats (about 80%). The anaphylactic release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase for RBL-2H3 cells was also significantly inhibited by the extract in as dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 230 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The activity-guided fractionation of the extract, based on the determination of inhibitor effect upon the release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, led to the isolation of quercetin as an active principle responsible for the inhibition of degranulation.