• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2017

Even if several chemical accident prevention systems such as PSM(Process Safety Management), RMP(Risk Management Plan), etc. have been carried out, many chemical accidents have still occurred at industrial plants in Korea. We describe the status of chemical industry and the trend of occurrence of chemical accidents in Korea. And this paper analyzes the recent chemical accidents in eight ways. These ways include chemical accident forms, ignition sources, sources of chemical equipment, human vs equipment/material causes, worker's working situation, employee scale, hazardous substances, week & time, fatalities of manufacture & contractor's workers. Finally we proposes the four representative prevention measures brought to result of cause analysis by accident statistics.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.61-65
• /
• 2010

Most of the chemical reactions performed in the chemical industry are exothermic, meaning that thermal energy is released during the reaction. It is also important to understand the thermal hazards such as thermal stabilities and runaway reactions, which are governed by thermodynamics and reaction kinetics of the mixed materials. The paper was described the evaluation of thermal behavior caused by an exothermic batch process in manufacture of the vinyl acetate resin. The aim of the study was to evaluate the thermal stabilities of raw materials with operating conditions such as a reaction inhibitor, heating rate, reaction atmosphere and the mount of methanol charged in the vinyl acetate polymerization process. The experiments were performed in the differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), C 80 calorimeter, and thermal screening unit($TS^u$). It was suggested that we should provide the thermal characteristics for raw materials to present safe precautions with operating conditions in the vinyl acetate polymerization process.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.44-52
• /
• 2024

복잡한 화학공정을 관리하기 위한 목적으로 도입된 공정안전관리(PSM: process safety management)제도는 그간 화학사고 예방에 기여해 왔으나, 최근에는 그 한계를 드러내고 있다. 최근 중대산업사고가 증가하고 있으며 특히 2020년 이후 비정상 작업에서 중대산업사고가 급증하였다. 효과적인 PSM 운영 방안이 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 비선형적이고 복잡한 상호작용을 모형화하여 인적오류 및 사고 발생 과정을 이해하고 예측하는데 유용한 기법인 기능공명분석기법(FRAM: Functional Resonance Analysis Method)을 활용하여 비정상 작업에서 발생한 사고 사례를 분석하고 나아가 일반적인 PSM 비정상 작업 수행 과정에 대한 분석을 수행함으로써, PSM 운영 과정에서 FRAM이 효과적으로 활용될 수 있음을 검토하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2006

화학설비의 안전성을 향상시키기 위하여 API-581 절차에 따라 국내실정에 맞도록 개발한 한국형 위험기반검사(K-RBI) 프로그램을 화학설비에 적용하였다. 그 결과, 적용 사업장의 자체 안전관리 수준평가(PSM), 적용 대상공정의 위험도, 고정설비와 배관의 위험도, 그리고 설비의 손상메카니즘을 알 수 있었으며, 공정 위험도와 설비상태로부터 설비의 검사주기를 제시할 수 있었다. 따라서 검사주기 연장 등으로 인한 정비비용의 절감효과와 더불어 생산성 향상, 설비 신뢰도 향상, 설비의 유지 보수 및 이력관리의 전산화 등을 실현할 수 있었다.

• 한국산업안전학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국안전학회 1997년도 추계 학술논문발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 1997

화학관련분야의 공정안전에 관하여 오랜 역사를 가진 AIChE는 관련산업분야의 안전규정을 예방적인 측면과 사고원인을 규명하기 위한 측면에서 근원적인 자료를 제시하였고 1955년 AIChE에 의해 설립된 CCPS(center for chemical process safety)는 이에 관한 기술적인 면에 더욱 발달된 정보를 제공하게 되었다. 이런 정보들 가운데 사업장의 위험물질이 지니고 있는 위험성을 어떻게 평가할 것인가에 관하여 CPQRA(chemical process quantitative risk analysis)방법이 제시되어 있다. 1) CPQRA는 양적인 의미에서 위험성의 정의, 분석, 평가, 통제 및 관리방법 등에 대비해 잠재적인 방법을 제시한 것이다. (중략)

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.52-60
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 Risk-based design개념을 반영하여 체계적인 설계방향을 제시하고 현존하는 법에 더욱 안전한 방향으로 법안이나 규격을 수정할 수 있는 방안을 제시하려고 한다. 안전설계 부분의 초기설계 집중도 및 수준을 향상시키기 위하여 설계 초기단계에서부터 체계화된 안전설계 요소의 정보를 제공할 수 있는 새로운 Advanced Safety Analysis Table(ASAT)을 개발하였다. 또한 ASAT를 토대로 공정 트러블에 따른 안전장치를 선택하는 방법에 대한 가이드라인을 개발하였다. 개발된 ASAT, 공정 트러블에 따른 안전장치를 선택방법의 사례 연구로 NCC(Naphtha Cracking Center) 공정의 PGC(Process Gas Compressor)에 대한 ASAT를 구축하고 공정 트러블에 따른 안전장치를 선택한 결과를 분석하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2003

A new reliability assessment methodology is presented and the new method is compared with fault tree analysis. The system is modeled by directed graph at a new methodology, which is composed of nodes and arcs. The directed graph corresponds to the layout of chemical process and is easy to construct. Therefore, the directed graph analysis is applicable to the chemical process that has complex sequence. The example of fault tree analysis and directed graph analysis is given. The directed graph analysis has proved to be a valuable and useful method for the reliability assessment of chemical process.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.148-154
• /
• 2003

There are now the plating process that have many hazardous factor cause of the using numerous noxious chemical and bad working environments. The purpose of the study is to make a selection of suitable safety evaluation method that can analyze and righteously find with numerous hazardous factor of the plating process. And another purpose is to systematically adjust the risk of plating process by comprehension of the role of process, equipment, and source material. Therefore, these studies are carried out in the following three investigations of this report. The first research understands the injurious human health and environment by analyzing hazardous material based on the MSDS. To evaluate the safety of process and compartment, the second research is proposed the security secure counterproposal by using the FMEA and the HAZOP. The final research is devoted to systematically analyze the hazard by applying for reasonable guide word and doing the HAZOP for hazardous factor in specific process.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.124-132
• /
• 2018

Objectives: All enterprises intending to install and operate hazardous chemical handling facilities should prepare an off-site risk assessment (ORA) report that evaluates the impact of potential chemical accidents on the surrounding environment and population. This study was conducted to introduce the process of development and the functioning of the Korea Off-site Risk Assessment support tool (KORA) developed by the National Institute of Chemical Safety and to suggest manners to increase its utilization. Additionally, this article provided an overview of KORA. Methods: In order to identify problems with and refinements for KORA, the required items for each phase of KORA were derived by analyzing the Chemical Control Act and related administrative regulations. Results: The functions of KORA made receptor-considered assessment of chemical accidents possible, but several limitations were found in particular phases, such as the analysis of impact range, consideration of sensitive receptors, and assessment of environmental receptors. Conclusion: In this study, we suggested manners to increase the utilization of KORA. It is anticipated that the further research suggested in the study could contribute to the stabilization of the KORA system.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2012

The leakage of toxic chemicals impact seriously on human being and environment, therefore during their treatment process, a proper management system is necessary to control their toxic effect. This study was designed to suggest the management regulation that supports business managers and facilities management. There are no extra regulation to control emergency accidents and terrors in chemical facilities. Developed countries like USA operate the management standards to control the toxic chemical and facilities according to their toxicity and processes. In order to solve this problem, we have analysed the advanced nations standard methods of security in chemical plants to study the new security management regulation which helps to prevent the chemical accidents. Especially, in USA, CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety), SVA (Security Vulnerability Assessment) and RBPSs (Risk-Based Performance Standards) of DHS (Department of Homeland Security) were invest I gated. On the basis of the results, we have suggested the application methods of the security and safety regulation in Korea.