• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.306-310
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• 2007

Setoka (Tangor Norin No.8) is a superior tangor cultivar cultivated in a greenhouse on Jeju Island, and its ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content was determined during the ripening season (September 2005 to March 2006). The ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content of the peel of Setoka fruits was higher than that of the flesh. Also, the ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content in both peel and flesh gradually increased through the ripening season from the beginning of pigmentation, and then decreased slightly late in the ripening season. The ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content in the peel of Setoka fruits varied throughout the season with values of 0.02 (Sep), 0.67 (Nov.), 2.27 (Dec.), 2.88 (Jan.), 2.27 (Feb.), and 2.13 mg% (Mar.). The ${\beta}-cryptoxanthi$n content in Setoka fruit flesh increased throughout the ripening season with values of 0.05 (Sep.), 0.22 (Nov.), 0.57 (Dec.), 0.80 (Jan.), and 0.91 mg% (Feb).

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.311-314
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• 2007

Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka is one of several Jeju-native citrus fruits. A number of biological properties for citrus fruits have been suggested, however little is known about those of C. sunki. The present study tested whether fermented product of C. sunki peel (FSP) might affect the activities of enzymes regulating ethanol metabolism. Effects on body weight gain as well as on fatty liver formation were also investigated. The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase were stimulated remarkably by FSP. Excessive ethanol-induced cytotoxicity was also prevented by FSP in HepG2 cells. FSP decreased the weight gain and fatty liver formation induced by a high-fat diet in mice. From these results, FSP might be a potent source of neutraceuticals useful for preventing ethanol-induced health problems.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 1999

The transgenic plant of Citrus species (Citrus aurantium L.) was constructed with a fatty acid desaturase gene using microprojectile bombardment transformation system. The DNA of a fatty acid desaturase gene, fad7, constructed in pBI121 was coated onto tungsten particles ($1.1{\mu}m$) and introduced into callus cells by bombarding with 1100 psi of helium pressure, 1/4 in of gap distance, 7.0 cm of target distance and 27 in Hg of chamber vacuum. The bombarded cells were selected on the medium containing kanamycin. The selected cells were successfully regenerated into plantlets via somatic embryogenesis on the media containing plant growth regulators. The results of polymerase chain reaction analysis of genomic DNAs from the putative transformants showed that the introduced DNAs of fad7 were present in both the selected callus cells and the regenerated plantlets.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.1 s.84
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• pp.97-102
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• 1998

VA-mycorrhizal spores were collected from the 14 citurs orchards of different soil textures and locations in Cheju island. Five species and two kinds of spores were identified as based on the morphological characteristics of the spores; Acaulospora bireticulata, Glomus deserticola, G. geosporum, G. vesiculiferum, and Sclerocystis pachycaulis. Additionally, two kind spores of Acaulospora were also observed but difficult to be identified in this moment. Glomus deserticola and unidentified spores of Acaulospora (brown spores sized 90 to $125\;{\mu}m$ in diameter) were most frequently observed in the all soil specimens in Cheju, while the other kinds of spores were rarely observed in the soil of Cheju.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07e
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• pp.89-90
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• 2006

Recent earth systems not only make earth resistance decreased by installing earth electrode but also are demanded by earth construction for the protection of human life and equipments through total investigation about circumstances. Layer constructions in Jeju island consist of multi-layer of scoria, rocks and shale except clay layers on the surface, which needs the construction of the coring earth electrode suitable in the condition of the area. For this reason, we've used the coring earth electrode. But the coring earth electrode is expected to slow down the performance of this equipment according to the progress of time changing the effects. It is also applied for the stability of earth system construction and management after the construction work analyzing the condition of the earth system. Therefore, this is actually focused on the analysis on measuring the earth resistance and the soil resistivity that cover the range where the remarkable contrast can be expected to be seen in the layer structures.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 2007

We have studied the cytoprotective effect on H$_2$O$_2$ induced oxidative stress from leaves of Carpinus tschonoskii. The methanol extract of Carpinus tschonoskii was found to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) using flow cytometry and confocal microscope. This extract prevented lipid peroxidation and thus reduced cell death of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) induced by H$_2$O$_2$ treatment. The extract increased catalase activity and phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). Taken together, the results suggest that Carpinus tschonoskii protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by H$_2$O$_2$ through scavenging ROS.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1997

Physicochemical properties affecting on the quality of Citrus unshiu Marc. var miyagawa and C. unshiu Marc. var, okitsu according to cultivation area in Cheju were investigated. Linear correlations (r>0.9) were showed between fruit size and peel thickness. There were much difference between cultivation areas in soluble solids of C. unshiu Marc. var. okitsu. The difference were not so much in soluble solids and acid contents of citrus fruits produced at same area below 65mm of fruit diameter, but the quality of large size fruits were inferior. Brix/Acid ratio could not be index for quality evaluation, because of individual deviation. Soluble solid content of citrus fruits produced in south Cheju was higher than that produced in north Cheju. Acid content and Brix/Acid ratio of citrus fruits produced in south Cheju was lower than that produced in north Cheju. The quality of C. unshiu Marc. var. miyagawa clad not so much difference between cultivation area, but the difference of quality were recognized significantly in C. unshiu Marc. var. okitsu.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.7 no.s1
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• pp.106-117
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• 1998

Fluorocarbonated-SiO2 films were deposited on p-type Si(100) substrate using FSi$(OC_2H_5)_3$ (FTES), and $O_2$ mixture gases by a helicon plasms source. High density $O_2$/FTES/Ar plasma of ~$10^{12} \textrm{cm}^{-3}$ is obtained at low pressure (<3mTorr) with RF power above 900 W in the helicon plasma source. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) is used to study the relation between the relative densities of the radicals and the film properties. The FTES and $O_2$ gases are greatly dissociated at the helicon mode that is launched at the above threshold plasma density. FTIR and XPS spectra shows that the film has Si-F, and C-F bonds during the formation process of the film which may lower the dielectric constant greatly. The relative dielectric constant, leakage current density, and dielectric breakdown voltage are about 2.8, $8\times10^{-9}\textrm{A/cm}^2$, and > 12 MV/cm, respectively.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

The present study investigated the anti-proliferative and chemosensitizing effects of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum against multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. The 80% methanol extract, chloroform ($CHCl_3$) fraction and butanol (BuOH) fraction of C. asiaticum inhibited the growth of mitoxantrone (MX) resistant HL-60 (HL-60/MX2) cells. When HL-60/MX2 cells were treated with the $CHCl_3$ and BuOH fractions, DNA ladder and sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed. Furthermore, the fractions reduced BcI-2 mRNA levels, whereas Bax mRNA levels were increased. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of C. asiaticum on the growth of the HL-60/MX2 cells might arise from the induction of apoptosis. Treatment of HL-60/MX2 cells with the fractions markedly decreased the mRNA levels of the multi-drug resistance protein-1 and breast cancer resistance protein. The $CHCl_3$ fraction and hexane fraction increased MX accumulation in HL-60/MX2 cells. These results imply that the $CHCl_3$ fraction of C. asiaticum plays a pivotal role as a chemosensitizer. We suggest that components of C. asiaticum might have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of MDR leukemia.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.759-770
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• 1997

The general flow patterns in the Cheju Strait have been investicated by analyzing the current observations measured in $1986\~1989$ by current meter mooring in 3 north-south sections in the Cheju Strait and at 4 observation points around Cheju Harbour, and measured in $1981\~1987$ by drogue tracking. 1. In the Cheju Strait, there are eastward or northeastward residual currents, which implies that sea waters flow into through the whole western section and flow out through the whole eastern section in the Cheju Strait. The velocity of residual currents are $5.2\~30\;cm/sec$ in 10 m layer and $1.3\~24cm/sec$ in mid-bottom layer. Generally, the flow is strong along the deepest through and the northern part, and weak in the shallow areas near Chuja Islands and Bogil Island. 2. In the western entrance of the Cheju Strait, the observed mean residual velocity is 6.93 cm/sec and the volume transport is 0.384 Sv. There are a big discrepancy between the observed residual currents and the geostrophic currents. 3. Near the frontal areas northwest to Chuja Islands, warm and saline offshore waters, flow northward about 5 miles into the southern coastal areas of the Korean Peninsula in flood, and flow back rather eastward or southeastward than southward in ebb. So, warm and saline waters flow along coastal areas, being mixed with coastal waters. As a result, the northwestern area of Chuja Islands plays a role of the entrance of influx of warm and saline offshore water to the southwestern coastal areas of the Korean Peninsula. It should be stressed that this flow pattern is not due to the residual flows, but to the temporal (tidal) flows.