• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to suggest an optimum guide line of the unit plan design in national housing (less than $85m^2$ of exclusive floor area in a dwelling unit). The unit plan of apartment have been improved diversely for the residents, and the family members per household have been decreased for decades comparing with the past. In contrast, the living space per household has been increased steadily, it is because of the improvement of the living standard. The unit plan have been improved from 2-bay corridor access type and 2~3 and 4-bay staircase type. In december 2005, the balcony was permitted to be used as exclusive living area without the increase of the original living area by law. So the apartment residents have been able to use more spacious area exclusively in a dwelling unit. On the other hand, the legalization on permitting balcony area into a exclusive area resulted in a distorted wide and enlarged plan only for the business profit improvement lately. The living environment has been changed differently unlike at the time of the legislation of the national housing. The family member per household has been decreased and the related law and the institution has also been changed. Moreover It has passed 40 years since the legislation of national housing ($85m^2$). So, The size of national housing should be reviewed according to the current trend in terms of the decrease of household and the utilization of balcony area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.483-494
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• 1999

This study investigated the relation between seasonal variation of clothing weight and its resting metabolic rate to determine the relation between proper living temperature and cold/heat tolerance. Thirty six subjects(18 males and females twenties) were composed to obtain the clothing weight(Total clothing weight) and resting metabolic rate for a year and grouped four seasons : spring (Mar-May) Summer(Jun-Aug) Fall(Sep-Nov) and Winter(Dec-Feb). The data of males and females were respectively divided into three groups by cluster analysis with clothing weight. 1. The resting metabolic rate of male(41.1kcal/m2/hr) was higher than that of female(33.2kcal/m2/hr). It is suggested there is gender difference in the resting metabolic rate(p<.001) 2. The resting metabolic rate of male and female was the highest in Winter. It is suggested there is seasonal variation in the resting metabolic rate(p<.001) 3. It was found that there was relation between clothing weight and resting metabolic rate. The difference of resting metabolic rate between Summer and Winter which is profitable to adaptation to living temperature was significant in light clothing weight in male as well as in female. 4. In comfortable sensation most subjects responded that he/she felt 'comfortable' except Winter. However the heavy clothing weight group felt 'a little uncomfortable' throughout all seasons. l In thermal sensation most subjects responded that he/she felt 'neutral' And then the heavy clothing weight group responded warmer in summer and cooler in winter than light clothing weight group. From the results it was confirmed that male and female showed seasonal variations in clothing weight and resting metabolic rate. Also the resting metabolic rate of male and female was influenced by the clothing weight. In short seasonal variation of resting metabolic rate was larger in light clothing weight group than in heavy clothing weight group. Therefore light clothing weight group is advantgeous in living temperature to improve cold/heat tolerance and it also shows that living with the light clothing weight may enhance the degree of adaptation to change of living environment

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.84-92
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• 2019

The deterioration of the urban heat environment due to climate change and the occurrence of heat-related diseases have emerged as one of the major social problems. This has led to more research on climate change, including heat waves, but it is mainly focused on climate factors. However, the urban heat island phenomenon accelerates the summer heat wave, and the increasing trend of heat-related patients in urban areas suggests the impact of the city's environment. Thus, this study analyzed the effects of physical and social characteristics of urban areas on heat-related patients in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The analysis showed that the ratio of the total area of residential, commercial and industrial facilities, the main source of heat energy locality, among the land use statuses, was not statistically significant, but the road area and the green area were found to have a positive and negative The population density and the percentage of people aged 65 or older, the percentage of people living alone and the proportion of people receiving basic living were all shown to be significant, with only the ratio of elderly living alone and the ratio of population density having negative effects. The results of the study can be used to develop urban policy alternatives related to local warming patients.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.415-424
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• 2012

Since the Korean War, starvation and severly desperate living conditions hit the whole country. However, Koreans finally overcame such difficulties, achieving the miracle on the Han River. Through rapid industrial developments, Korea would not need any more supports from the outside but rather became a country which would offer a support. Meanwhile, in 1997, the Korean domestic economy underwent IMF which had caused a massive number of unemployeds. Among those people, many began to show interest in D.I.Y woodcraft for a whole new change and eventually, the industry of D.I.Y woodcraft business became expanded. Now, Korea survived I.M.F and was grown as one of the leading countries in the world, having held the G20 summit conference. Such achievements helped national income increased with the domestic GNP of $30,000, having exceeded $20,000. The population also grew to over fifty million and with all these factors, Korea joined the ranks of advanced countries. As a living environment of an individual gets improved and people have had time on their sides due to the five-day workweek, many have been taking this opportunity to engage in self-development and leisure activities. As trends are pursuing eco-friendliness and D.I.Y, D.I.Y woodcraft workshops are opening nationwide. Considering this, as analyzing present conditions of D.I.Y woodcraft workshops, which are being quickly popular at this moment in Korea, this study focuses on presenting a Korean-style D.I.Y woodcraft workshop, suggesting how to promote D.I.Y woodcraft business to be a pivot of the furniture industry in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.241-249
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• 2007

Health education aims at behavior change rather than just delivering health knowledge to people. In Korea health education activities in public sector began in 1960 and they were included in the primary prevention program in communities. This article reviewed current health education programs in healthy living practice programs provided by local public health centers in Korea and drew implications for the future role of health education in community setting. Health education has been a core function of the National Health Promotion programs in the nation since the enactment of the National Health Promotion Law in 1995. The National Health Promotion programs are funded by the National Health Promotion Fund which are drawn from tobacco tax. The National Health Promotion programs include healthy living practice programs (smoking prevention and cessation programs, moderate alcohol use programs, physical activity promotion programs, and nutrition programs), chronic disease prevention programs, oral health programs and public hygiene programs. Methods of the National Health Promotion programs include health education, health counseling, health class, health information management, survey and research. Smoking prevention and cessation programs include smoking cessation clinic, smoking cessation education, non-smoking environment program, and non-smoking campaign. Moderate alcohol use programs include alcohol use education, moderate alcohol use campaign, alcohol use counseling, and alcohol free environment programs. Physical activity promotion programs include obesity control, targeted exercise program, and exercise civic group programs. Nutrition programs include nutrition management, obesity management, nutrition education, breakfast eating program, and nutrition counseling and treatment programs. The health education programs in community are not efficient today because there are many overlapping contents and short term goals. Community health education programs needs to be more comprehensive. Workforce development is another big issue at the moment because the National credential program will begin in 2009. Variety of community health education programs should be developed and funded by the national health promotion fund.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

Now we using purpose area rule of city planning code in city planning areas for efficient, economical use of land and increasement of common welfare. Architectural code restrict building purpose after each division of area and this aimed for making more comfortable and convenient living atmosphere in city environment. Through this research we extracted conclusion about purpose area distinction system and restriction of building purpose after examined changes and tendencies of these rules. And the conclusion is the changes of purpose area distinction system issued from 32 kinds of distinctions in 1978, 28, 30, 32 kinds of distinctions in 1992 to 21kinds of distinctions in 1999 are caused by demand of enabling different purposes of programs can exist within one building possible.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1982

The objective of this study is to apply the modular furniture system, which has been developed actively in western Europe and America since 1970's, to Korean contemporary furniture having converted into western style gradually. The factors requiring the modular furniture system in today's residential environment are as follows; 1. Population increase and urbanization 2. Development of industrial technology 3. Improvement of living condition and change of life style. As these factors increase the problem of diminishing space, multiple functional modular furniture concept has become a solution. Reviewing the current scene of the western modular furniture system, it is classified into modular seating system, mopular wall system, modular commode system and modular storage system. Korean wardrobe, which is am mixed style of traditional and contemporary furniture, should change to a closet eventually because of the grand size and unpractical use of space. Since most Korean family, however, have wardrobes already, it will be necessary to have a turning period to systemized the closet space in Korean residential interior. For the turning period, application of the modular wall system would be one answer to substitute the wardrobe.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.668-681
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• 2013

The Korean government announced a national mid-term target to reduce 30% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from business-as usual (BAU) level by 2020 in a voluntary and independent manner. In this study, we examined the $CO_2$ mitigation potential and conducted an economic effect analysis of green living actions in households in Korea. We also proposed some ways to implement green life to achieve the national target. If green lifestyle takes root in households nationwide, $CO_2$ emission would be reduced to 27.3% of the emission in 2007. This would save the country about 4.93 trillion won per year and each household could save about 300,000 won per year, which accounts for about 0.5% of GDP (as of 2007). Considering the five-year plan for green growth to invest 2% of GDP in green growth every year, this would not only reduce the economic burden on households, industries and the country but also increase economic growth potential by reinvesting the saved resources into green growth. Heating and lighting would be the greatest contributor to GHG mitigation of green life in the residential sector. It means we could achieve the national goal by reducing unnecessary heating and lighting and using energy-saving electric home appliances. The implementation of green living actions would reduce a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions, ultimately relieving the burden on businesses to reduce GHG emissions. And it is one of the most cost-effective mitigation tools in order to achieve the mid-term GHG mitigation goal.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.425-430
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• 2008

Residential architecture was a lot more changed due to adopting modern residential type since 1960s. But people in farm houses are still living in a space of their past life causing a discrepancy. For this reason, the paper will identify the changed use for farm houses focusing on their plane views, and reason for the changed use as well. The result of this paper is expected to play a role for practical data to reasonably change and re-model farm houses located in back of cities such as Hyunpoong area. Targeted area for this paper, in order to survey change in residential environment due to industrialization and modernization, has narrowed down to 42 farm houses which are located Yuga-Myun, Hyunpoong-Gun, Dalsung-Gun where tradition and modern characteristics are harmonized being built before 1960s Researching relied on both documentary records and survey on the site, and survey on documentary records was performed in a way that preceding research for changed use of residential area was to be compared with people's farm houses in Kyeongsang-Do area, and survey on the site was carried out by photographing and land surveying and interview and analysis for them, and finally we acquired the result by analyzing use of interior for houses and plane view and relations between culture and social environment. From the result of this paper, there was a trend that farm houses had been improved function of a specific space by enlarging space and enlarged construction for inner rooms. And among spaces, kitchen and bath room was mostly enlarged its left side, and inner room had mostly enlarged its rear side, and kitchen was frequently enlarged in its side space. These kinds of variation in space is believed to be result of change of life style and house facilities

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.189-202
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• 2007

This study was carried out to forecast the future paradigm of design from the perspective of change in social environment within which design evolves through the process of birth, growth, development, and decline rather than changes within design itself. In general, before man takes an action, he sets the aim with mental and conceptual value decided internally and he considers various tools and means in his circumstance externally. Then he decides his action based on the most resonable and economic way. This is the mechanism by which all the living subjects including the human being survive and evolve within the given environment. In this respect, the future of design can be also explored and speculated in terms of change of man's mental value and the technology in future (this view is the same with what socio-culturalists see both cultural and technological determinism as a major factor for social change). Based on the view above, the present study extracted major keywords for a possible change of future design based on keywords on the present mental value and norm, and the materialistic technology and economy.