• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2014

Change coupling is a measure to show how strongly change-related two entities are. When two source files have been frequently changed together, they are regarded as change-coupled files and they will probably be changed together in the near future. In the previous studies, the change coupling between two files is defined with the number of common changed time, that is, common commit time of the files. However, the frequency-based technique has limitations because of 'tangled changes', which frequently happens in the development environments with version control systems. The tangled change means that several code hunks have been changed at the same time, though they have no relation with each other. In this paper, the change types of the code hunks are also used to define change coupling, in addition to the common commit time of target files. First, the frequency vector based on change types are defined with the extracted change types, and then, the similarity of change patterns are calculated using the cosine similarity measure. We conducted experiments on open source project Eclipse JDT and CDT for case studies. The result shows that the applicability of the proposed method, compared to the previous studies.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1404-1414
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• 2019

Educational books commonly use some copyrighted images with various kinds of deformation for helping students understanding. When using several copyrighted images made by merging or editing distortion in legal, we need to pay a charge to original copyright holders for each image. In this paper, we propose an efficient matching algorithm by separating each copyrighted image with the merged and edited type including rotation, illumination change, and change of size. We use the Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB) method as a basic feature matching scheme. To improve the matching accuracy, we design a new MIN-MAX similarity in matching stage. With the distorted dataset, the proposed method shows up-to 97% of precision in experiments. Also, we demonstrate that the proposed similarity measure also outperforms compared to other measure which is commonly used.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1252-1261
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the comparison method of pattern similarity for video segmentation algorithm. The shot boundary type is categorized as 2 types, abrupt change and gradual change. The representative examples of gradual change are dissolve, fade-in, fade-out or wipe transition. The proposed method consider the problem to detect shot boundary as 2-class problem. We concentrated if the shot boundary event happens or not. It is essential to define similarity between frames for shot boundary detection. We proposed 2 similarity measures, within similarity and between similarity. The within similarity is defined by feature comparison between frames belong to same shot. The between similarity is defined by feature comparison between frames belong to different scene. Finally we calculated the statistical patterns comparison between the within similarity and between similarity. Because this measure is robust to flash light or object movement, our proposed algorithm make contribution towards reducing false positive rate. We employed color histogram and mean of sub-block on frame image as frame feature. We performed the experimental evaluation with video dataset including set of TREC-2001 and TREC-2002. The proposed algorithm shows the performance, 91.84% recall and 86.43% precision in experimental circumstance.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.779-784
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• 2005

This paper presents the theory of similarity transformations applied to the momentum and energy equations for laminar, forced, external boundary layer flow over a horizontal flat plate which leads to a set of non-linear, ordinary differential equations of phase change material slurry(PCM Slurry). The momentum and energy equation set numerically to obtain the non-dimensional velocity and temperature profiles in a laminar boundary layer are solved. The heat transfer characteristics of PCM slurry was numerically investigated with similar method. It is clarified that the similar solution method of Newtonian fluid can be used reasonably this type of PCM slurry which has low concentration. The data of local wall heat flux and convective heat transfer coefficient of PCM slurry are higher than those of water more than 150$\~$200$\%$, approximately.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.617-632
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• 2004

Video Data includes moving objects which change spatial positions as time goes by. In this paper, we propose a new modeling method for a moving object contained in the video data. In order to effectively retrieve moving objects, the proposed modeling method represents the spatial position and the size of a moving object. It also represents the visual features and the trajectory by considering direction, distance and speed or moving objects as time goes by. Therefore, It allows various types of retrieval such as visual feature based similarity retrieval, distance based similarity retrieval and trajectory based similarity retrieval and their mixed type of weighted retrieval.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.438-447
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• 2006

Fuzzy controller's design depends mainly on the rule base and membership functions over the controller's input and output ranges. This paper presents two different approaches to deal with these design issues. A simple and efficient approach; namely, Fuzzy Subtractive Clustering is used to identify the rule base needed to realize Fuzzy PI and PD type controllers. This technique provides a mechanism to obtain the reduced rule set covering the whole input/output space as well as membership functions for each input variable. But it is found that some membership functions projected from different clusters have high degree of similarity. The number of membership functions of each input variable is then reduced using a similarity measure. In this paper, the fuzzy subtractive clustering approach is shown to reduce 49 rules to 8 rules and number of membership functions to 4 and 6 for input variables (error and change in error) maintaining almost the same level of performance. Simulation on a wide range of linear and nonlinear processes is carried out and results are compared with fuzzy PI and PD type controllers without clustering in terms of several performance measures such as peak overshoot, settling time, rise time, integral absolute error (IAE) and integral-of-time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) and in each case the proposed schemes shows an identical performance.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2001

The VOC, which were detected from the newly built house, exist as a certain number of types according to the characteristics of the change of VOC concentration indoors. In this paper, we aim to divide the VOC into types so that those with similar characteristics of the transition of their concentration are in the same group and select the representative compound according to each classified type, and to verify these processes statistically in order to verify and propose new method creating the representing index of the VOC concentration in indoor which is used in evaluation of the degree of air pollution. As a result, the characteristic of the change of VOC concentration in the indoor can be divided into three types. Type1; the group in which the concentration is relatively high right after the completion of the house, and then decreases rapidly. Type2; the group in which the concentration is relatively low right after the completion of the house, and then although it shows the tendency of increasing and decreasing repeatedly, it decreases overall. Type3 is the group, which show only one peak at a certain time during the measuring period. As the method like this was verified to have the statistical significance, the Ethylbenzene was selected as the representative compound of type1, and Styrene was selected as that of type2. Moreover, if considering transition of the VOC from the point of similarity, the research method of making the classification and the selection of the representative compound in this study are said to be significant method.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.11d
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• pp.159-162
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose an efficient method to detect shot changes in compressed MPEG video data by using reference features among video frames. The reference features among video frames imply the similarities among adjacent frames by prediction coded type of each frame. A shot change is detected if the similarity degrees of a frame and its adjacent frames are low. And the shot change detection algorithm is improved by using Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm. The FCM clustering algorithm uses the shot change probabilities evaluated in the mask matching of reference ratios and difference measure values based on frame reference ratios.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.751-754
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose an efficient method to detect abrupt shot changes in compressed MPEG video data by using reference ratios among video frames. The reference ratios among video frames imply the degree of similarities among adjacent frames by prediction coded type of each frames. A shot change is detected if the similarity degrees of a frame and its adjacent frames are low. This paper proposes an efficient shot change detection algorithm by using Fuzzy c-means(FCM) clustering algorithm. The FCM clustering uses the shot change probabilities evaluated in the mask matching of reference ratios and difference measure values based on frame reference ratios.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2011

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) have ice binding affinity, depress freezing temperature and inhibit ice recystallization which protect cellular membranes in polar organisms. Recent structural studies of antifreeze proteins have significantly expanded our understanding of the structure-function relationship and ice crystal growth inhibition. Although AFPs (Type I-IV AFP from fish, insect AFP and Plant AFP) have completely different fold and no sequence homology, they share a common feature of their surface area for ice binding property. The conserved ice-binding sites are relatively flat and hydrophobic. For example, Type I AFP has an amphipathic, single ${\alpha}$-helix and has regularly spaced Thr-Ala residues which make direct interaction with oxygen atoms of ice crystals. Unlike Type I AFP, Type II and III AFP are compact globular proteins that contain a flat ice-binding patch on the surface. Type II and Type III AFP show a remarkable structural similarity with the sugar binding lectin protein and C-terminal domain of sialic acid synthase, respectively. Type IV is assumed to form a four-helix bundle which has sequence similarity with apolipoprotein. The results of our modeling suggest an ice-binding induced structural change of Type IV AFP. Insect AFP has ${\beta}$-helical structure with a regular array of Thr-X-Thr motif. Threonine residues of each Thr-X-Thr motif fit well into the ice crystal lattice and provide a good surface-surface complementarity. This review focuses on the structural characteristics and details of the ice-binding mechanism of antifreeze proteins.