• Clean Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2022

Food waste is produced from food factories, food services, and home kitchens. The generated mass reached 5.4 million tons/year in 2020. The basic management technology for such waste has been biological degradation under an anaerobic environment. However, the whole process is intrinsically slow and considerably affected by the inner physicochemical properties of the waste and other surrounding conditions, which makes optimization of the process difficult. The most promising options to counter this massive generation of waste are eco-friendly treatments or recycling. As a preliminary step for these options, attempts were made to evaluate the feasibility and usability of three simulative models based on reaction kinetics. Model (A) predicted relative changes over reaction time for reactant, intermediate, and product. Overall, an increased reaction rate produced less intermediate and more product, thereby leading to a shorter total reaction time. Particle diminishing model (B) predicted reduction of the total waste mass. The smaller particles diminished faster along with the dominant effect of microbial reaction. In Model (C), long-chain cellulose was predicted to transform into reducing sugar. At a standard condition, 48% of cellulose molecules having 10⁵ repeating units turned into reducing sugar after 100 h. Also it was found that the optimal enzyme concentration where the highest amount of remnant sugar was harvested was 1 mg L^-1.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2024

Purpose: The research aims to address the intricacies of AI and Big Data application within the food industry. This study explores the strategic implementation of AI and Big Data in the food industry. The study seeks to understand how these technologies can be employed to bolster consumer engagement and contribute to market expansion, while considering ethical implications. Research Method: This research employs a comprehensive approach, analyzing current trends, case studies, and existing academic literature. It focuses on the application of AI and Big Data in areas such as supply chain management, consumer behavior analysis, and personalized marketing strategies. Results: The study finds that AI and Big Data significantly enhance market analytics, consumer personalization, and market trend prediction. It highlights the potential of these technologies in creating more efficient supply chains, improving consumer satisfaction through personalization, and providing valuable market insights. Conclusion and Implications: The paper offers actionable insights and recommendations for the effective implementation of AI and Big Data strategies in the food industry. It emphasizes the need for ethical considerations, particularly in data privacy and the transparency of AI algorithms. The study also explores future trends, suggesting that AI and Big Data will continue to revolutionize the industry, emphasizing sustainability, efficiency, and consumer-centric practices.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.954-963
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• 2007

As RFID systems are applied to various fields and applications such as supply chain management, asset management, location based applications etc. the requirements becomes diverse. For example, Much higher performance, TCP/IP protocol stack are required in some applications. However, low end processors based systems such as 8051 processor can not meet such requirements due to their low processing capacity and limited size of memory. In this paper a UHF band RFID system which meets the EPC Class-1 Generation-2 specification with ARM920T-based processor is implemented and tested.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.79-105
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• 2020

While individual enterprises with different objectives each other within supply chains require a variety of resources to achieve their own seeking goals and performances, it is necessary to form interdependent relationships among the enterprises to secure the resources what they need, as the individual enterprises are supposed to have limitations on such as time, space and cost to secure all the resources. In this process, conflict possibilities rise and opportunistic behaviors increase due to those environmental factors such as unbalanced information among enterprises, limited rationality, pursuit of interests, and risk aversion. Those existing studies on conflicts in the field of supply chains have limitations in that they failed to present specific conflict management strategies based on the conflict types from the perspective of the conflict resolution mechanism as the studies have made only focused on investigating the causes of conflicts and the impact of conflicts on performance. In this study, therefore, it used the TKI model of Kilmann and Thomas(1977) to subdivide the conflict management strategies in the process of transactions within supply chains by enterprises, and looked into the impact on partnership and performance according to each strategy. As the results, it showed that those types of conflict management strategies such as concession type and cooperation type had a positive(+) impact on the relationship commitment as a factor of partnership, and it was identified that the relationship commitment had a positive(+) impact on performance. In other words, it can be considered that the enterprises making use of the concession type & the cooperation type conflict management strategies under the situation of conflict would be able to have a very positive impact on their performances if they can make good relationship commitment such as investments in and efforts for the sustainable relationship along with the conflict management, while recognizing the importance of relationship. The most important meaning of this study lies on in terms of that it would be contributable to strengthening the partnership between enterprises and minimizing the risk of supply chains caused by conflicts through these results from the study.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.167-182
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• 2024

The aim of this study is to empirically explore the operational spillover effect among companies within chaebol groups, prominent corporate conglomerates in South Korea. Chaebols are known for their horizontal and vertical integration, fostering close collaboration among their constituent companies from a supply chain standpoint. Existing literature highlights the sharing of tangible and intangible resources within chaebol structures, leading to increased efficiency by minimizing transaction costs through resource sharing. This research investigates whether operational management performance within chaebol structures can be transmitted through cooperative resource utilization. To achieve this objective, we categorize leading companies and affiliate companies within chaebols and examine whether the operational management performance of leading companies significantly influences that of affiliate companies. Data on conglomerates, as defined by the Korea Fair Trade Commission, were collected, along with information on companies within these groups. Subsequently, the company with the highest revenue within each group was identified as the leading company, while the remaining companies were designated as affiliate companies. Our analysis reveals a significant positive relationship between the performance of inventory and facility resource management of leading companies and that of affiliate companies. This study sheds light on the transfer of operational management performance within conglomerates from a managerial perspective, underscoring the importance of reinforcing cooperation systems within the chaebol group. Furthermore, this research contributes to the academic discourse by delineating conglomerates from an operational management perspective and empirically demonstrating the transfer effect of operational management performance.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.243-249
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• 1998

The methodology for justification and optimization of the countermeasures related with contamination management of milk was designed based on the cost and benefit analysis. The application results were discussed for the deposition on August 15, when pasture is fully developed in Korean agricultural conditions. A dynamic food chain model DYNACON was used to estimate the time-dependent radioactivity of milk after the deposition. The considered countermeasures are (1) the ban of milk consumption (2) the substitution of clean fodder, which are effective in reducing the ingestion dose as well as simple and easy to carry out in the first year after the deposition. The total costs of the countermeasures were quantitatively estimated in terms of cost equivalent of doses and monetary costs. It is obvious that a fast reaction after the deposition is an important factor in cost effectiveness of the countermeasures. In most cases, the substitution of clean fodder was more effective countermeasure than the ban of consumption. A fast reaction after the deposition made longer justifiable/optimal duration of the countermeasure.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.249-272
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• 1999

The purpose of this was to solve conceptual problems of family restaurant through theoretical approach, to improve problems associated with managing restaurants, and to suggest plans for family restaurant chains. First of all, in order to improve the problems of franchising, the contents of contract were analyzed by showing the examples, and the methods were illustrated to analyze the overall contents. Hereafter, family restaurants will be categorized as either 'Casual Dining' or 'Theme Restaurant', some of the nicknames for family restaurant. However, the fundamental categories will be in accordance with the categories of NRA of the U.S.A. as 'Family Chain Restaurant', 'Grill-Buffet Restaurant' and 'Dinner House'. It is hoped that the future study categorize these three in more details. The problems of restaurant management were considered to be concerned with the owner and the managerial problems. As a way to overcome the problems associated with restaurant chain concept, the importance of manual and food & beverage production, the analysis on different methods of store development, the characteristics of manual, the interested items when filling-out, and the methods were presented. The basic systems of commissary food service were introduced and their effects were presented as well in this study. The stages of store development and the models of expansion were presented for an analysis. The main focus of this study was to grasp the flow of organizational and store expansion by analyzing on-site stores and headquarters office hence find out the reason why the current portion of family restaurant is decreasing and not increasing among dining out industry. Therefore, it has brought a great opportunity to seize the problems of structual systems of family restaurant. A family restaurant is no longer perceived as an ordinary restaurant, yet it represents a whole new cultural environment due to the unique characteristics of family restaurant such as its food culture, protocol, and various shapes and sizes. The researcher of this study extends his wish that the future study reinvestigates differently categorized family restaurant and gives much attention to a systematically independent research subject.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.211-221
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• 2016

The rapid trends toward outsourcing and collaboration have created complex multi-tier supply chains for construction and engineering industries. Working with suppliers and sub-suppliers requires continuous integration activities in order to maximize the performances of the entire supply chain. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the performances and long-term business relationship of second-tier suppliers in directed sourcing environment. This study proposes the asset specificity, trust, information-sharing and collaboration, as antecedents variables, and collected the survey responses from the second-tier suppliers in rebar manufacturing works. The statistical results indicate that the asset specificity, trust, information-sharing and collaboration have significant influences on the long-term business relationship of rebar manufacturing second-tier suppliers, but trust has no impact on the performances of second-tier suppliers at 5% significance level. Practical implications are also discussed.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2005

Borror et al. discussed the EWMA(Exponentially Weighted Moving Average) chart to monitor the count of defects which follows the Poisson distribution, referred to the $EWMA_c$ chart, as an alternative Shewhart c chart. In the $EWMA_c$ chart, the Markov chain approach is used to calculate the ARL (Average Run Length). On the other hand, in order to monitor the process fraction defectives P in high-yield processes, Xie et al. presented the CCC(Cumulative Count of Conforming)-r chart of which quality characteristic is the cumulative count of conforming item inspected until observing $r({\geq}2)$ nonconforming items. Furthermore, Ohta and Kusukawa presented the $CS(Confirmation Sample)_{CCC-r}$ chart as an alternative of the CCC-r chart. As a more superior chart in high-yield processes, in this paper we present an $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart to detect more sensitively small or moderate shifts in P than the $CS_{CCC-r}$ chart. The proposed $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart can be constructed by applying the designing method of the $EWMA_C$ chart to the CCC-r chart. ANOS(Average Number of Observations to Signal) of the proposed chart is compared with that of the $CS_{CCC-r}$ chart through computer simulation. It is demonstrated from numerical examples that the performance of proposed chart is more superior to the $CS_{CCC-r}$ chart.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.275-301
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• 2011

This study examines antecedent factors that influence subsidiaries' MNC (multinational corporation) knowledge adoption. I argue that subsidiary local environmental factors(local embeddedness, level of local competition), subsidiary organizational factors(parent investment, subsidiary CEO expatriation, scope of subsidiary value chain), and subsidiary relational factors(subsidiary autonomy, the strength of subsidiary in MNC, social capital) are the important enablers for subsidiaries to adopt knowledge from other MNC units. Especially, I use two data set (knowledge from (1) peer subsidiaries, (2) parent company) to estimate the effect of the factors. The results indicate that subsidiary local embeddedness and scope of subsidiary value chain negatively influence on subsidiary knowledge adoption from peer subsidiaries. Conversely, the strength of subsidiary in MNC and social capital positively influence on that. Subsidiary knowledge adoption from parent company is positively influenced by parent investment and social capital.