• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.217-218
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.229-229
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• 2009

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.248-252
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• 2018

Puerperal sepsis is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Postpartum pelvic infections can cause various complications, including wound infections and necrotizing fasciitis. Several microorganisms are known to cause such infections; however, no study has reported on Staphylococcus caprae, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that is isolated frequently from animals and infrequently from human specimens, as a causative agent. Here, we report a rare case of septic shock complicated by necrotizing fasciitis after a cesarean section. This is the first report of a human isolate of S. caprae in association with puerperal sepsis and necrotizing fasciitis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare postpartum symptoms of 528 women by age groups and delivery method through health questionnaires of postpartum care center. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2018, we statistically compared the 528 women's postpartal symptoms who divided into 4 age groups using SPSS Statistics 21.0 program. Results: There were no differences in weight changes, gestational age and degree of subjective discomfort by age (p>.05). On the other hand, parity, fetal weight and delivery method were statistically associated with age (p<.05). Especially the rate of cesarean delivery was increased with age. Degree of feeling dyspepsia and edema was higher in cesarean section delivery group (p<.05). Also, as the weight increased by 1 kg during pregnancy, the degree of feeling postnatal edema increased by 0.204 (β=0.204, t=4.204, p<.05). Conclusion: This study showed that age itself will not affect postpartum symptoms alone. Instead it is necessary to consider post-cesarean delivery symptoms for advanced maternal age.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.193-196
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• 2016

Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric (II/IH) nerve injury is one of the most common nerve injuries following pelvic surgery, especially with the Pfannenstiel incision. We present a case of intractable groin pain, successfully treated with a continuous II/IH nerve block. A 33-year-old woman, following emergency cesarean section due to cephalopelvic disproportion, presented numbness in left inguinal area and severe pain on the labia on the second postoperative day. The pain was burning, lancinating, and exacerbated by standing or movement. However, she didn't want to take additional medicine because of breast-feeding. A diagnostic II/IH nerve block produced a substantial decrease in pain. She underwent a continuous II/IH nerve block with a complete resolution of pain within 3 days. A continuous II/IH nerve block might be a goodoption for II/IH neuropathy with intractable groin pain in breast-feeding mothers without adverse drug reactions in their infants.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 1992

The effect of epidural nalbuphine on pruritus, nausea, vomiting, voiding difficulties and/or analgesia induced by epidural morphine was determined in sixty Cesarian delivery patients. They were physical status 1 or 2 by ASA classification and randomly divided into three groups. They were administered morphine 3 mg only(group A), nalbuphine 5 mg with morphine 3 mg(group B), or nalbuphine 10 mg with morphine 3 mg(group C) at the time of peritoneal closure. During postoperative 24 hours their analgesic effects were evaluated by visual analogue scale(0~10). Respiratory rates, Trieger dot test and severity of side effects(0~2) were also evaluated. The results were as follows; 1) Analgesic duration of the first epidural administration was significantly long in group A than other groups, but there was no difference between that of group B and group C. 2) Pruritus was more severe in group A than other groups but the severity was decreased by increasing nalbuphine dosage. 3) Nausea and or vomiting was mild in group C and the incidence of nausea and/or vomiting combined with pruritus was decreased by increasing nalbuphine dosage. 4) Voiding difficulties was more severe in group A than other groups but the severity was not decreased by increasing nalbuphine dosage. 5) None of the patients had objective sedation or low respiration rate(< 10 times/minute). We concluded that epidural administration of nalbuphine 10 mg with morphine 3mg for post-Cesarean section pain management is one of good methods to reduce side effects induced by epidural morphine.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.211-216
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• 1999

Background: Transdermal fentanyl patch (TDFP) is a simple, noninvasive analgesic with continuous effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative analgesic effect of TDFP. Methods: Sixty healthy patients undergoing cesarean section were divided into 3 groups. Postoperative pain was controlled with different methods; Group I: application of TDFP-$25{\mu}g/hr$, Group II: intramuscular injection of ketoprofen; Group III: continuous epidural block. Pain scores (numerical rating scale, NRS), number of patients who needed additive ketoprofen injections and side effects were recorded at 8, 20, 32, 44 hours postoperatively. Results: There was no significanant difference in pain score between Group I and Group II. The numbers of patients who need additive ketoprofen injections were lower in group I than group II. Pruritis (25%), nausea/vomiting (10%), leg numbness (40%) was experienced in group III, but not in Group I & II. Conclusions: TDFP-$25{\mu}g/hr$ for postoperative pain control is simpler and more convinient than intramuscular injection of analgesics.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the impact of advanced maternal and paternal age on perinatal outcome in Korea. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 1,622 Korean women who delivered at M Woman Hospital from January to December 2010 and their spouses were included. We obtained obstetrics database which included demographic characteristics, medical and obstetrics history, course of the current pregnancy and advised perinatal outcome. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounding variables. Results: Women giving birth age 35 or older were statistically significant in paternal age, gravidity, spontaneous abortion experience, method of conception, method of delivery, and multiple gestation compared to women aged <34 years. After adjusting for the confounding effects of maternal characteristics, women aged 35 or older were at increased risk for cesarean section delivery (adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.22-2.13) and preterm birth (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.03-4.63). Conclusion: In this population of Korean women, advance maternal and paternal age is independently associated with specific adverse perinatal outcome, especially preterm birth and cesarean section delivery.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.307-318
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• 2000

The researcher would like to suggest that the delivery experience varies depending on the personal situation and the childbirth experiences of the mother. The goals of this study are : 1. To find out the subjectivity structure on delivery experience. 2. To describe the differences in delivery experience depending on the delivery methods. 3. To suggest effective nursing intervention for each type. Q-methodology was used for the research design. One of the main reasons to use this Q methodology. Because each individual's delivery experience can be different. The result of this study shows that the subjectivity related to the delivery experience of mother has at least four distinctive types. Type I mothers can be named as "Motherhood Identity Recognition Type". Type I subjects accept delivery experience very positively, show interest in the health of the baby, and identify their motherliness with responsibility. Type II mothers can be named "Leaping to Maturity Type". It can be explained as a state that mothers experience pain, but by understanding and enduring the pain, the pain is changed to maturity. Type III mothers can be named as "Pride Experience Type". Type III feels vaginal delivery as a process to become a real mothers, and have great pride in making this type of significant emotiange delivery. Therefore, they think the labor pain is worth the value and believes that there are other differences between vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Mothers of Type III take the delivery experience to be meaningful. Type IV mothers can be named as "Lack of Motherhood Transition Type". This type does not seem to feel sorry for their babies for going through a cesarean section delivery. The also do not have the satisfaction of delivery and motherliness identity is low. In addition, they especially do not feel affection towards their babies. Also, because they delivered babies in a state of anesthetics, they do not seem to feel much different, but show negative reactions toward themselves.ow negative reactions toward themselves.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.172-177
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• 1996

We performed a study of epidural patient controlled analgesia of meperidine with or without 0.08% bupivacaine for 48 hours after Cesarean section. 51 parturients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups : 1) epidural 0.2% meperidine group(n:24) and 2) epidural combined group with 0.2% meperidine and 0.08% bupivacaine(n:27). All parturients used patient controlled analgesia with loading dose, 2 ml/hour continuous infusion, 1 ml bolus infusion and lockout time, 8 minutes. visual analog scales after loading doses were not significantly different in either groups. The total quantity of meperidine consumption and hourly consumption were significantly lower in the combined group than meperidine group(P<0.05). The cumulative amount of meperidine consumption were also significantly lower in the combined group than meperidine group at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. In combined group the hourly consumption of meperidien from 3 hours to 12 hours after loading dose was significantly lower than those of meperidine group. Above 90% of parturients were satisfied in both groups. Side effects were: numbness (2), thigh weakness (1), nausea (1), headache (1) and back pain (2) in epidural meperidine group. There were no case needed specific treatment in both groups. We conclude that analgesic effects were similar in both groups, however the amount of meperidine consumption was less for meperiding group than combined group.