• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.335-340
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• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the fracture strength of the dental zirconia veneering ceramics for zirconia ceramic core. Six commercial zirconia veneering ceramics were used in this study, namely E-Max(Ivoclar vivadent, Inc, Liechtenstein), Creation ZI(KLEMA Dental produckte GmbH, Austria), Cercon ceram kiss(Degudent, GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany), Triceram(Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany), Zirkonzahn(Zirkonzahn GmbH, Italy), Zirmax(Alpadent, korea). All samples were prepared according to the relevant instructions of manufacture. Disc specimens were prepared to the final dimensions of 17 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm in thickness. The biaxial flexure strength test was conducted using a ball-on-three-ball method. All specimens were tested in a moisture-free environment. Average flexural strengths were analyzed with Weibull analysis and one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA). Significant differences were founded between the mean flexural strength values of five commercials zirconia veneering ceramics and the other. The flexural strengths and Weibull modulus were similar to those of five groups E-Max(EM), Creation ZI(CR), Cercon ceram kiss(CE), Triceram(TR), Zirkonzahn(ZI) with the exception of Zirmax(ZM). The biaxial flexural strength from Cercon ceram kiss(CE) was higher than those of other groups. Fracture analysis showed similar results for these five groups.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2009

Esthetic restorations have been widely used in dental practice, although many studies have focused on the development and improvement of all ceramic restorations. The success of esthetic restorations depends primarily on an optimal bond strength between various veneered ceramics and core materials for esthetic restorations. The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength between various veneered ceramics and core materials for esthetic restorations. 30 metal cores and 20 zirconia cores were fabricated and divided into five groups according to veneered ceramic materials such as Creation porcelain powder, Cercon Ceram Kiss, and IPS e.max ZirPress. Thirty spacimens were prepared using Creation porcelain powder, veneered 3mm height and 3mm in diameter, over the metal cores (n=10). Twenty specimens were prepared using Cercon Ceram Kiss and Zirpress, veneered 3mm height and 3mm in diameter, over the zirconia cores (n=10). The shear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1mm/min. Ultimate shear bond strength data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA and the Scheffe's test (p=.05). Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: The mean shear bond strengths (MPa) were: 18.44 for Uni metal VH/Creation (NCUC); 18.72 for Heraenium/Creation (NCHC); 16.23 for Wirobond C/Creation (NCWC); 13.88 for Zirconia core/$110{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting/Cercon Ceram Kiss (ZS110P); 14.61 for Zirconia core/No surface treatment/IPS e.max ZirPress (ZNTH). The mean shear bond strength for NCUC (Uni metal VH/Creation), NCHC (Heraenium/Creation) and NCWC (Wirobond C/Creation) were significantly superior to ZS110P (Zirconia core/$110{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting/Cercon Ceram Kiss) and ZNTH(Zirconia core/No surface treatment/IPS e.max ZirPress) (p<0.05).

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this research was to evaluate the shear bond strength of different zirconia veneering ceramics with and without liner glass materials to yttria partially-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline(Y-TZP). Methods: Five co mmercial zirconia veneering ceramics were used in this study, E-Max(EM), Creation ZI(CR), Cercon ceram kiss(CE), Triceram(TR) and Zirkonzahn ICE(ZI). All samples were prepared according to manufacturer's instructions. Experimental industrially manufactured Y-TZP ceramic blocks(diameter: 2.7 mm; height: 13.5 mm) were used in this study. Shear bond strength between zirconia ceramic coping and zirconia veneering ceramics were evaluated by the push-shear bond test. The fracture load data were analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffe's test(${\alpha}$=0.05). The fractured surfaces of zirconia core ceraimc and zirconia veneering ceramics were observed using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). Results: The mean shear bond strengths ranged from 20 MPa ($20.12{\pm}6.34$ MPa) to 66.6 MPa ($66.62{\pm}10.01$ MPa). The Triceram(TRG) showed the highest value and Creation ZI(CR) showed the lowest value. In all groups, Zirconia liner and glass material groups was significantly higher shear bond strength than without liner(P<0.05), with the exception of Cercon ceram kiss(CE)groups. Conclusion: Zirconia bonding materials may have the advantage of improved bond strength between zirconia ceramic core and veneering ceramics.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.384-394
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 원통형 지르코니아 코어에 다섯 종류의 지르코니아 비니어 세라믹을 축성하여 push-전단결합강도를 측정하고, 비니어 세라믹의 이축굽힘강도와 지르코니아 글라스 라이너 처리에 따른 전단결합강도 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 지르코니아 비니어 세라믹은 piston-on-three-ball test로 이축굽힘강도를 측정하였고, 지르코니아 실린더 코어와 비니어 세라믹은 push-shear test로 결합강도를 측정하였으며, 결과값은 이원분산분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 이축굽힘강도는 Cercon ceram kiss (CE)군에서 가장 높게 측정되었고 전단결합강도는 글라스 처리군과 Triceram(TR)군이 높게 측정 되었으며 Creation ZI(CR)군에서 가장 낮은 값이 측정 되었다. 실험군에서 지르코니아 라이너 처리군이 라이너 처리하지 않는 군보다 전단결합강도가 높게 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 따라서 지르코니아 라이너 처리는 지르코니아와 비니어 세라믹의 결합강도를 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength between various commercial zirconia coping and veneering ceramic, and to observe the failure mode. Methods: For each zirconia block (iJAM Emerald, LUXEN Smile block, ICE Zirkon transluzent), 10 rectangular specimens were layered with Cercon ceram kiss, IPS e.max ceram, ICE Zirkon ceramic according to recommended by the manufacturer. The shear bond strength tests of the veneering porcelain to zirconia were carried out until fracture by a universal testing machine. After the shear bond tests, failure modes were characterized visually, under a stereomicroscope, such as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's tests. Results: The shear bond strength ($mean{\pm}SD$) of zirconia-veneer ceramic were JC group $13.9{\pm}3.6MPa$; JE group $17.7{\pm}2.4MPa$; JI group $15.1{\pm}2.5MPa$; LC group $9.5{\pm}1.5MPa$; LE group $16.2{\pm}2.3MPa$; LI group $12.6{\pm}0.8MPa$; ZC group $16.0{\pm}2.3MPa$; ZE group $18.5{\pm}3.4MPa$; and ZI group $15.3{\pm}3.2MPa$. The One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between groups (p<0.05). The failure mode in most experimental groups was mixed failure, except for the LC group, which showed adhesive failure, and JE group, LE group and ZE group showed cohesive failure. Conclusion: For IPS e.max ceram, the shear bond strength value was highest for all kinds of zirconia blocks. For ICE Zirkon transluzent, the shear bond strength value was highest for all kinds of veneering ceramics. Most of experimental group interfaces revealed mixed failure mode.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.358-367
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of one zirconia-based ceramic used with various veneering ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Zirconia core material (Katana) and five veneering ceramics (Cerabien ZR; CZR, Lava Ceram; LV, Cercon Ceram Kiss; CC, IPS e.max Ceram; EM and VITA VM9; VT) were selected. Using the powder/liquid layering technique, bilayered disk specimens (diameter: 12.50 mm, thickness: 1.50 mm) were prepared to follow ISO standard 6872:2008 into five groups according to veneering ceramics as follows; Katana zirconia veneering with CZR (K/CZR), Katana zirconia veneering with LV (K/LV), Katana zirconia veneering with CC (K/CC), Katana zirconia veneering with EM (K/EM) and Katana zirconia veneering with VT (K/VT). After 20,000 thermocycling, load tests were conducted using a universal testing machine (Instron). The BFS were calculated and analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD (${\alpha}$=0.05). The Weibull analysis was performed for reliability of strength. The mode of fracture and fractured surface were observed by SEM. RESULTS. It showed that K/CC had significantly the highest BFS, followed by K/LV. BFS of K/CZR, K/EM and K/VT were not significantly different from each other, but were significantly lower than the other two groups. Weibull distribution reported the same trend of reliability as the BFS results. CONCLUSION. From the result of this study, the BFS of the bilayered zirconia/veneer composite did not only depend on the Young's modulus value of the materials. Further studies regarding interfacial strength and sintering factors are necessary to achieve the optimal strength.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2011

PURPOSE. Veneering porcelain might be delaminated from underlying zirconia-based ceramics. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effect of different surface treatments and type of zirconia (white or colored) on shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia core and its veneering porcelain. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Eighty zirconia disks (40 white and 40 colored; 10 mm in diameter and 4 mm thick) were treated with three different mechanical surface conditioning methods (Sandblasting with $110{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ particle, grinding, sandblasting and liner application). One group had received no treatment. These disks were veneered with 3 mm thick and 5 mm diameter Cercon Ceram Kiss porcelain and SBS test was conducted (cross-head speed = 1 mm/min). Two and one way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD Past hoc, and T- test were selected to analyzed the data (${\alpha}=0.05$). RESULTS. In this study, the factor of different types of zirconia ceramics (P=.462) had no significant effect on SBS, but the factors of different surface modification techniques (P=.005) and interaction effect (P=.018) had a significant effect on SBS. Within colored zirconia group, there were no significant differences in mean SBS among the four surface treatment subgroups (P=0.183). Within white zirconia group, "Ground group" exhibited a significantly lower SBS value than "as milled" or control (P=0.001) and liner (P=.05) groups. CONCLUSION. Type of zirconia did not have any effect on bond strength between zirconia core and veneer ceramic. Surface treatment had different effects on the SBS of the different zirconia types and grinding dramatically decreased the SBS of white zirconia- porcelain.