• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2020

In this paper, the dynamic behaviour of an inclined functionally graded material (FGM) beam with different boundary conditions under a moving mass is investigated based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The material properties vary continuously along the beam thickness based on the power-law distribution. The system of motion equations is derived by using Hamilton's principle. The finite element method (FEM) is adopted to develop a general solution procedure. The moving mass is considered on the top surface of the beam instead of supposing it on the mid-plane. In order to consider the Coriolis, centrifugal accelerations and the friction force, the contact force method is used. Moreover, the effects of boundary conditions, the moving mass velocity and various material distributions are studied. For verification of the present results, a comparative fundamental frequency analysis of an FGM beam is conducted and the dynamic transverse displacements of the homogeneous and FGM beams traversed by a moving mass are compared with those in the existing literature. There is a good accord in all compared cases. In this study for the first time in dynamic analysis of the inclined FGM beams, the Coriolis and centrifugal accelerations of the moving mass are taken into account, and it is observed that these accelerations can be ignored for the low-speeds of the moving mass. The new provided results for dynamics of the inclined FGM beams traversed by a moving mass can be significant for the scientific and engineering community in the area of FGM structures.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2009

The generator for gas turbine power generation consists of the rotor which generates magnetic field, the winding coil which is the path for the field current and the wedge and retaining ring which prevents the radial movement of the coil. Relatively severe deformation was observed at the coil end section during the inspection of the generator for peaking-load operation, and the thermal-electricity and the centrifugal force were evaluated by the simple modeling of the windings to find the cause. But the simulation stress was not sufficient to induce the coil plastic deformation. The analysis result seems to be applicable to the base-load generators which runs continuously without shut down up to a year, but there had been more deformation than simulated for the generator which is started up and shut down frequently. The cause of the coil deformation was the restriction of the expansion and shrinkage. The restriction occurs when the winding coil shrinks, and the stress overwhelms the yield stress and cause the plastic deformation. The deformation is accumulated during the start-ups and shut-downs and the thermal growth occurs. The factors which induce the coil restriction during the expansion and shrinkage should be reduced to prevent the unallowable deformation. The resolutions are cutting off the field current earlier during the generator shut-down, modifying the coil end section to remove the stress concentration and making the insulation plate inserted between the coil end section and the retaining ring have the constant thickness.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2008

Dense and fine polymer patterns often collapse, as they come into contact with each other at their protruding tips. Resist pattern collapse depends on the aspect ratio of patterns and the surface tension of rinsing materials. The pattern collapse is a very serious problem in microfabrication, because it is one of the factors which limit the device dimensions. The reasons for the pattern collapse are known as the surface tension of rinse liquid, centrifugal force and rinse liquid flow produced in the developing process. In this work, we tried to evaluate the pattern collapse of three-dimensional microstructures that were fabricated by two-photon induced photopolymerization, and showed the way how to reduce the deformation of microstructures.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.348-353
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• 2008

A vibration analysis for a rotating cantilever beam with the tapered cross section is presented in this study. The stiffness changes due to the stretching caused by centrifugal inertia forces when a tapered cantilever beam rotates about the axis perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. When the cross section of cantilever beam are assumed to decrease constantly, the mass and stiffness also change according to the variation of the thickness and width ratio of a tapered cantilever beam. Such phenomena result in variations of natural frequencies and mode shapes. Therefore it is important to the equations of motion in order to be obtained accurate predictions of these variations. The equations of motion of a rotating tapered cantilever beam are derived by using hybrid deformation variable modeling method and numerical results are obtained along with the angular velocity and the thickness and width ratio.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2009

A vibration analysis for a rotating cantilever beam with the tapered cross section is presented in this study. The stiffness changes due to the stretching caused by centrifugal inertia forces when a tapered cantilever beam rotates about the axis perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. When the cross section of cantilever beam are assumed to decrease constantly, the mass and stiffness also change according to the variation of the thickness and width ratio of a tapered cantilever beam. Such phenomena result in variations of natural frequencies and mode shapes. Therefore it is important to the equations of motion in order to be obtained accurate predictions of these variations. The equations of motion of a rotating tapered cantilever beam are derived by using hybrid deformation variable modeling method and numerical results are obtained along with the angular velocity and the thickness and width ratio.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.5-21
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• 2014

지진시 불포화 도로성토의 붕괴는 지하수 및 강우의 침투에 기인한 함수비의 증가가 그 원인이 됨이 지적되어 왔다. 따라서, 이와 같은 지반재해의 방지를 위한 합리적 보강방안 및 적절한 설계기준의 정립을 위해 불포화 도로성토의 동적안정성 및 변형모드에 대한 함수비의 영향을 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 불포화 도로성토의 변형 및 파괴거동에 대한 함수비의 영향을 연구하기 위해 상이한 함수비를 갖는 도로성토 모형에 대하여 동적 원심모형실험을 진행하였다. 본 실험에서는 도로성토 모형에 대한 동적하중 부가시의 변위, 간극수압 및 가속도의 계측을 통해 최적함수비 부근 및 최적함수비보다 높은 함수비를 갖는 불포화 도로성토에 대한 동적 거동을 고찰하였다. 이와 함께, 화상해석에 의한 변위 및 변형율 분포의 분석을 통하여 최적함수비보다 높은 함수비를 갖는 불포화 도로성토의 변형모드를 구명하였다. 이로부터 사면 천단부의 침하는 천단부 아래에서의 체적압축에 기인하며, 구속압력이 작은 사면 선단부 및 사면 표면부 부근에서는 체적팽창을 동반한 큰 전단변형이 발생함을 확인하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.260-265
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• 2013

To increase the machine accuracy by improving the stiffness of spindle bearings, preload was applied to the spindle bearings. The methods of fixed position preload, convertible preload, constant pressure preload, and variable preload are used to apply the preload to the spindle bearing. The previous studies performed by the author of this study were variable preload methods using rubber pressure and centrifugal force based on mechanical systems. This study proposed a toggle joint mechanism that could be applied to variable preload method using centrifugal force and rubber pressure to increase the preload. Also, a finite element analysis was conducted to predict the deformation of the rubber and change of the preload. And the analysis results showed that the preload by the device using rubber pressure only was increased by the toggle joint mechanism using rubber pressure.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 화강풍화토 지반상 unpropped diaphragm wall의 거동을 연구하기 위하여 과재하중의 이격거리를 변화시키면서 원심모형실험을 수행하였다. 원심모형실험시 지반굴착은 흙과 동일한 밀도로 혼합된 zinc chloride 용액이 배수되도록 밸브를 조작하여 실시하였으며, 굴착에 따라 발생하는 지반의 변형과 벽체의 변위 및 휨모멘트를 측정하였다. 수치해석은 대부분의 지반공학 문제에 적용할 수 있는 FLAC 프로그램을 이용하였다. 수치해석에서 모형지반은 Mohr-Coulomb 모델, diaphragm wall은 탄성모델을 사용하여 2차원 평면변형률 조건으로 해석을 수행하였다. 모형실험 결과 파괴면의 직선적인 형태로 파괴면내의 배면측 지반은 벽체를 향하여 하향의 변위를 일으키면서 벽체의 회전에 의해 파괴되었으며, 파괴면의 각도는 67∼74$^{\circ}$정도로 이론적인 파괴면의 각도보다 크게 평가되었다. 실험 및 해석 결과 지반의 최대침하량이 발생하는 위치는 잘 일치하였으며, 깊이에 따른 벽체변위는 선형적인 관계를 나타내었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2013

카트 차체에는 현가장치와 차동장치가 존재하지 않으므로 카트주행 중 발생하는 프레임의 변형은 탄성변형으로 인한 주행성능과 프레임의 피로수명에 영향을 미친다. 선회주행 시 비틀림 변형에 의한 카트의 거동은 이 두 가지 변형에 결정적 원인을 제공한다. 이러한 곡선구간에서 카트의 동적 거동을 분석하기 위하여 GPS를 이용하여 차량의 궤적을 추적하고 카트 프레임 강에 작용하는 비틀림 응력을 측정하였다. 레저와 레이싱 카트 프레임의 기계적 성질을 파악하기 위해 재질 분석과 인장시험을 실시하여 각 프레임의 재료 특성을 분석하였다. 비틀림 응력집중과 프레임 비틀림은 프레임 해석을 통해 조사되었다. 또한 주행 분석 장치를 이용하여 레저와 레이싱 카트를 각 조건별로 실차실험을 수행하였고, 이를 통해 곡선구간에서 카트의 주행거동을 분석하였다. 선회주행 시 차량에 원심력에 의한 하중이동의 현상이 발생했으며, 이로 인해 카트 프레임 강에 비틀림 응력이 발생하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

In this thesis, centrifuge model experiments and numerical analyses were carried out to investigate the behavior of an excavated slope in soft clay ground. Centrifuge model tests were performed with various slopes for the excavated ground, such as 1:1.5 and 1:2. Pore pressuresthe model ground were measured to find their effects on the stability of the excavated slope. These experiments showed that the model with 1:2.5 maintained its stability within a short period of time and failed gradually. Therefore, anexcavated slope of soft soil with this slope might maintain stable conditions within a certain time. The mode1 with a 1:3 slope was observed to maintain a very stable condition, showing insignificant deformation in the ground after being excavated. Numerical analyses with PLAXIS, a commerciallyavailable software implemented with the finite element numerical technique, were performed to find the pore pressure distribution within the ground mass and the deformation of the soil. From the results of numerical analysis, a negative pore pressure was developed after the excavation and thus the stability of the slope was maintained. The safety factor for slope failure was found to decrease with time because of the dissipation of negative pore pressure with time.