• 한국연초학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2004

This work has been conducted to select appropriate filter materials for removing carbonyl compounds in mainstream tobacco smoke. To investigate of the usability of this filter materials, two types of bead ion exchangers were synthesized and their adsorption characteristics for carbonyl compounds were investigated. Sulfonic acid group-containing cation exchanger and ammonium group-containing anion exchanger were synthesized by the suspension polymerization of glycidylmethacrylate(GMA) and divinylbenzene(DVB) followed by the subsequent functionalization, respectively. The removal efficiency of carbonyl compounds by these two ion exchangers increased in the presence of moisture. However, the amount of carbonyl compounds adsorbed on the anion exchanger was larger than that on the cation exchanger under two levels of water contents tested. This phenomenon seems to arise from the electron delocalization in carbonyl group of the anion exchangers. There was not any significant relationship between the amount of carbonyl compounds adsorbed on ion exchangers and the length of adsorption column. From the large ion exchange capacity and rapid ion exchange reaction rate of the anion exchanger, it is suggested that the anion exchanger may be a good filter material for removing carbonyl compounds in the mainstream tobacco smoke.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.349-353
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• 2007

Skin wrinkle formations are associated with collagen synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase-I(MMP-1) activity. This study was carried out to find out skin wrinkle reducing components in Torilis Fructus. Torilis Fructus were extracted with 70% ethanol and the ethanol extracts were systematically fractionated with n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and distilled water. Among them, antiwrinkle component from n-hexane fraction was purified by several column chromatographies and HPLC, which identified as torilin by $^1H-NMR,\;^{13}C-NMR$ and ESI-MS. To determine cell viability, collagen biosynthesis and MMP-1 activity, human dermal fibroblast was treated with 1-5 ppm concentrations of Torilis Fructus extract fraction and torilin. Cell viability was showed 84-102% at all group treated with 1-5 ppm. Collagen synthesis was increased in all group, especially torilin-treated group was highest amount. Active forms of MMP-1 were decreased in all group. From these results, we consider that Torilis Fructus have several antiwrinkle components and torilin may be one of the effective components.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1621-1622
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• 2006

This paper presents the effect of driving waveform for piezoelectric bend mode inkjet printhead with optimized mechanical design. Experimental and theoretical studies on the applied driving waveform versus jetting characteristic s were performed. The inkjet head has been designed to maximize the droplet velocity, minimize voltage response of the actuator and optimize the firing frequency to eject ink droplet. The head design was carried out by using mechanical simulation. The printhead has been fabricated with Si(100) and SOI wafers by MEMS process and silicon direct bonding method. To investigate how performance of the piezoelectric ceramic actuator influences on droplet diameter and droplet velocity, the method of stroboscopy was used. Also we observed the movement characteristics of PZT actuator with LDV(Laser Doppler Vibrometer) system, oscilloscope and dynamic signal analyzer. Missing nozzles caused by bubbles in chamber were monitored by their resonance frequency. Using the water based ink of viscosity of 4.8 cps and surface tension of 0.025N/m, it is possible to eject stable droplets up to 20kHz, 4.4m/s and above 8pL at the different applied driving waveforms.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.78-78
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• 2020

The Se San and Srepok river basins (2S) are the two major tributaries of the Mekong River, both of which originate in the territory of Viet Nam and flow to Cambodia to meet at Stung treng with the Sekong river (originating in Lao PDR) to form the 3S river basin before joining the Mekong mainstream. In the territory of Viet Nam, the 2S river basins are located in the Central Highlands including 5 provinces, arranged by geographical location from north to south namely Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong and Lam Dong. This is a region with a very important strategic position in terms of economy, politics and defense for the whole country with many potential advantages for economic development. However, the limited and vulnerable basin water resources are under the pressure of socio-economic development in line with increasing water demands for various sectors. In order to overcome the water management challenges, a long-term water resources planning has conducted to support the 2S River Basin Committee (RBC) in effective planning and operation as part of the WB Mekong-Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Project. This paper introduces the outline and progress of the river basin planning using analytical DSS toolkits to analyze, evaluate and formulate the planning options.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권3호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2023

팥 종실은 평형수분함량에 도달하는데 30시간 내외의 긴 시간이 소요되어 팥 이용 측면에서 주요 제한 인자로 작용한다. 따라서 수분흡수 특성 연구는 팥의 이용성 증진을 위한 중요한 분야이다. 본 연구는 국내산 팥의 가속화 저장에 따른 미세구조 및 수분흡수 특성을 분석하여 수침 시간 단축을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 팥의 저장은 대조구(control)인 저온(4℃), 상온(25℃) 및 가속화 고온(45℃)의 세 조건에서 3개월 동안 수행하였다. 1. 발아율, 지방산가, 적색도(a^*) 및 황색도(b^*) 값은 저장전 대비 3개월 후, 대조구(control)인 저온(4℃) 저장 팥은 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, 가속화 고온(45℃)에서는 통계적인 유의차를 보였다. 특히 가속화 고온(45℃) 조건에서 3개월 동안 저장한 팥은 발아율이 0%까지 감소하고, 지방산가는 초기 10.43 mg KOH/100 g에서 33.63 mg KOH/100 g까지 증가하는 등 품질 저하가 유의적으로 일어났다. 2. 저장 3개월 후, 종실의 배꼽, 종피, 자엽의 미세구조를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 가속화 고온(45℃) 조건에서만 배꼽의 구멍과 찢어진 틈 등의 손상이 있었고, 종피와 자엽 사이의 틈이 벌어지는 변화가 있었으나 자엽자체의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 3. 저장 온도별 3개월 저장 시료를 대상으로 수분흡수 kinetic을 분석한 결과, 대조구(control)인 저온 조건(4℃) 대비 가속화 고온(45℃)에서는 팥 종실의 평형수분함량은 낮았으나, 평형수분함량의 50%에 도달하는 시간은 짧고, 수분흡수 속도는 빨랐다. 4. 팥의 수분흡수 특성은 종실의 미세구조 특성과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 해석되며, 가속화 고온(45℃) 조건의 저장 팥에서 관찰되는 배꼽의 구멍 및 손상, 종피와 자엽 사이의 틈 등 미세구조의 변화가 수분흡수 시간과 속도를 단축시킨 것으로 생각된다. 다만, 미세구조의 변화와 평형수분함량과의 관계는 명확한 설명이 되지 않아 이와 관련된 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 고찰되었다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.395-398
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• 2007

In this study, new dispersion-correction terms are added to leap-frog finite difference scheme for the linear shallow-water equations with the purpose of considering the dispersion effects of the linear Boussinesq equations for the propagation of tsunamis. The new model is applied to near Gadeok island in Pusan about The Central East Sea Tsunami in 1983 and The Hokkaldo Nansei Oki Earthquake Tsunami in 1993 one simulated in the study.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.58-61
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• 1957

The organic titanium compounds, $Ti(OR)_4\;and\;Cl_2Ti(OR)_2$ were prepared by adding theoretical amounts of $TiCl_4$ to ROH in the medium of $CCl_4$. Among the compounds of the above two types, the former $Ti(OR)_4$was polymerized by refluxing them with R·OH and water at ordinary temperature and the latter, $Cl_2Ti(OR)_2$, by adding water to them.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1783-1796
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to verify the formation of serious leisure experience for water sports mania using grounded theory method approach. Research participants were selected 6 water sports mania by reputational sampling method. Six participants who usually participated in water sports club were selected as research participants. The data for this study included participants' observation and in-depth interview. This study categorized the coding paradigm which was presented by using the findings derived from data as they were into casual condition, contextual element, central phenomenon, critical situation, mediative element, interaction, final result and core category to draw out the process of becoming a water sports mania and its significances. The results of were as follows. First, water sports mania recognized the environmentally safe pleasure and value. Second, water sports mania was in a race against myself. Third, water sports mania felt the social and environmental changes. Fourth, water sports mania was looking for alternative method. Fifth, water sports mania overcome physical limitations and liberation from fear of water. Lastly, water sports mania felt alive through the enthusiastic participation.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.699-705
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• 2016

Although it has been well known that the Saemaul Undong had a direct relation with the water resources development during 1970's, its contribution to the water resources and increased income in rural communities has not been thoroughly quantified so far. In order to assess the contribution of the Saemaul Undong in terms of rural water resources development, we investigated various historical data produced by the central and local governments in relation to water resources development. The results show the direct and indirect contribution of the Saemaul Undong to the water resources development in rural communities such as sewage works, water supply facilities, shared wells, and river works. The results also showed a positive relation between per-house income in rural communities and areas of irrigated paddies, which were rapidly increased during 1970's. These results can be utilized to transplant the positive aspect of the Saemaul Undong to developing countries focusing on water resources development in rural areas.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 1988

A study was carried out to find distribution of Legionella spp. in hot water supplying systems of buildings in Seoul. Water samples were taken from the hot water taps in three research institute buildings during the period from the 2nd to 27th February, 1987. And all of the three buildings were supplied with hot water from the same central hot water tank. GVPC BCYEa and blood agar were used for the isolation of Legionella pneurnophila and slide agglutination test (SAT) was performed to identify their strain types. Main findings were as follows 1. 44 samples taken from hot tap-water revealed 20% of positive culture and 44 samples taken from hot water spouts revealed 11% of positive culture. 2. The 78% of positive samples taken from hot water was obtained from 25.1$\circ$C~45.0$\circ$C temperature range. 3. Only, Legionella pneumophila serogroup 3 was identified and most of them has been than 2$\mu$m in length. 4. The densities of the Legionella pneurnophila isolated from hot water samples were within the range of $1.0\times 10^2$ to $1.1\times 10^3$ CFU/l and their densities isolated from hot water spouts were either 1 CFU/plate or 2 CFU/plate.