• 환경생물
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2000

천연기념물로 지정된 안면도 승언리의 모감주나무군락과 최근 발견된 태안군 근흥면 정죽리 모감주나무군락의 구조와 식생조성 및 토양특성을 분석하였다. 안면도의 모감주나무군락은 아교목층과 초본층 만으로 구성된 단조로운 2층 구조인데 반하여 근흥면 정죽리의 모감주나무군락은 아교목층, 관목층, 초본층의 3층 구조를 나타내고 있다. 또한 아교목층의 종조성에 있어서도 안면도 모감주나무군락 자생지는 거의 모감주나무 단순림을 구성하고 있는데 반하여, 근흥면 정죽리의 모감주나무군락은 곰솔, 말채나무, 풍게나무, 팽나무, 쉬나무 등이 혼효되어 있다. 두 모감주나무군락 지역의 토양특성은 전질소함량, 유기물함량, 유효인산함량, CEC, E.C. 그리고 치환성 K, Ca, Mg, Na함량 등에서 가까이 위치한 침ㆍ활엽수의 산림토양보다 높게 나타났다. 또한 토양 pH는 6.3-7.0으로서, 근처에 있는 산림토양에서의 토양 pH 4.7-5.5보다 높았다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.540-561
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• 2011

지구온난화에 따른 한반도 식생구조의 변화에 맞추어 미황사 사찰림의 현 식생구조분석과 종다양성을 고려한 사찰림의 식생학적 구조분석과 적합한 식생구조 선정 및 관리를 위한 연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구는 식물사회학적 식생구조분석, 식생단위와 환경변수와의 상관관계, 생활형구조분석, 종다양성 분석 등을 실시하였다. 현 사찰림은 식물사회학적 식생구조 분석결과 졸참나무-굴참나무 군락, 붉가시나무군락, 팽나무군락의 식생단위로 구분되었으며, 환경변수 Ca, Mg, P 의 기준에 따라서 팽나무군락과 나머지 군락들(졸참나무-굴참나무군락과 붉가시나무군락)의 두 영역으로 분포하였다. 또한 환경변수 유기물(OM), Ni, Zn 에 따라서 졸참나무-굴참나무군락과 붉가시나무군락의 분포와 상관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 졸참나무-굴참나무 군락과는 양의 상관관계를 붉가시나무군락과는 음의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 생활형 R1-2 식물인 조릿대가 관목층 이하에서 우점하고 있으며, 저층부의 종의 단순화를 이루고 있다. 종다양성은 졸참나무-굴참나무 군락이 붉가시나무 군락에 비하여 더 높게 나타났으며, 상록활엽수림으로 이루어진 남은사에 비해서 본 미황사 사찰림의 종다양성이 높게 나타났다. 식물사회학적 분석결과를 통한 식생군락, 조릿대에 의한 저층부 이하의 종의 단순화, 종다양성 및 종균재도를 고려한 미황사 사찰림의 장기적 식생관리가 필요하다 사료된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1984

The Populus maximowiczii dominated forest of the Sangcheon ravine, Mt. Seolag, is distributed in the area with the conglemerates substrate, along the ravine stream from 170m to 550m in altitude. Toward the both slopes of the northern and southern peak from the stream side, the zonal distribution of vegetation was recognized; P. maximowiczii forest of Pinus densiflora forest and deciduous broad leaved forest. The pure community of P. maximowiczii with even more 80-98% in relative basal area (aspen basal area/basal area) was found in the ravine area from 360m to 420m in altitude, the optimal ranges in the species and community by two dimensional ordination with thermal and xeric cline axis. The species compete with Pinus densiflora, in the ravine stream side, and with deciduous broad leaved tree species such as Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Prunus sargentii, Lindera obtusiloba, in the mountain slope sides. On the other hand, the ravine vegetation, including the aspen forest, was classified into Pinus densiflora, Pinus densiflora-Carpinus laxiflora, Pinus densiflora-Populus maximowiczii, jessoensis, Acer mono-Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus laxiflora-Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis-Quercus ariena, Quercus ariena, Quercus variabilis-Stephanandra incisa, Picrasma quassioides-Celtis sinensis, Betula davurica-Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Styrax obassia-Lindera obtusiloba association.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.217-237
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• 2001

본 연구는 계룡산국립공원 갑사 계곡에 위치하는 낙엽활엽노거수군집의 식생군집구조를 부석하기 위하여 18개의 Belt-transect를 설정하여 조사하였다. 노거수군집 전체면적은 $46.442\m^2$이었고, 이 중 노거수가 차지하는 면적은 $35.246\m^2$이었으며, 대표적인 현존식생은 느티나무군집, 팽나무군집, 회화나무군집, 소나무군집, 말채나무군집이었다. 노고수의 규 은 흉고직경이 50~120cm, 수고가 18~22m 이었으며, 흉고직경 70cm이상되는 수종은 소나무(1주), 느티나무(9주), 갈참나무(8주), 졸참나무(1주), 회화나무(2주), 말채나무(1주)이었고, 본 조사 대상지의 평균수령은 150년생 내외이었다. 18개 조사구에 대하여 DCA의 ordination 분석결과 소나무군집, 느타나무-낙엽활엽수군집, 검팽나무-낙엽활엽수군집, 회화나무군집, 말채나무군집, 팽나무군집으로 분리되었다. 교모측의 우점종감의 평균거리는 8~12m이었고, Shannon의 종다양도는 0.7~0.9(단위면적:$200\m^2$_이었다.X>_이었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2016

Vegetation and soil conditions of four sites in west coastal forests in South Korea, were examined to analyze the relationship between Pinus thunbergii forests structure and soil conditions. The P. thunbergii forests were divided into four clusters; 1) P. thunbergii - Prunus sargentii var. sargentii, 2) P. thunbergii - Robinia pseudoacacia, 3) P. thunbergii - P. densiflora and 4) P. thunbergii - Quercus serrata. The soil of each site was poor in chemical characteristics but good enough for land plants to grow because of its low salt concentration. According to the results by CCA Ordination, certain excessive soil nutrition has influenced on vegetation and specific species distribution. Forty eight species were found in the whole sites of coastal forests and some species appeared in every site. They are P. thunbergii, R. pseudoacacia, Rhus chinensis, Idesia polycarpa and Morus alba. For the tree species importance value, P. thunbergii was followed by R. pseudoacacia, Q. serrata, P. densiflora, Celtis sinensis, M. alba, I. polycarpa and Q. mongolica in order.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2019

Background: Cliffs are a major plant habitat around the coastal area, but in contrast to sand dunes and salt marshes, they have been little investigated in Korea. There are simple descriptions of cliff vegetation in studies on island vegetation, but there is no published paper, which addressed sea cliff vegetation synthetically. Furthermore, the coastal area where this study was carried out was designated as a conservation reserve. Even though, this area is exposed to intense recreational use such as trekking in these days. This study aims to clarify spatial distribution and structure of vegetation along the environmental gradient on coastal cliff and plateau in the Janggi peninsula (Homigot) located on southeastern Korea. Further, this study has also another objective to prepare a restoration plan to protect this conservation reserve from intense human disturbance. Results: Landscape elements were arranged in the order of sea cliff risen directly on the sea, seashore, coastal cliff, and plateau covered with relatively deep soil in a coastal area of the Janggi peninsula (Homigot), southeastern Korea. Vegetation was sampled at 59 plots arranged from the sea cliff through the seashore and coastal cliff to plateau. The sea cliff, seashore, and coastal cliff, which compose the coastal landscape, were dominated by the seashore spatulate aster (Aster spathulifolius Maxim.) community, dwarf sand sedge (Carex pumila Thunb.) community, and seashore spatulate aster (Aster spathulifolius Maxim.) community. On the plateau corresponding to the ridge of the coastal cliff, black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) community, golden rain tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxmann) community, east Asian hackberry (Celtis sinensis Pers.) community, sawleaf zelkova (Zelkova serrata Makino) community, and Korean oak (Quercus dentata Thunb.) community were established in the mentioned order along distance from the sea. Stand ordination showed a vegetation sequence from the seashore through the cliff to the plateau, consistent in its overall pattern among sites. This was dominated by topography. There is evidence for the importance also of salinity, drought and of soil depth. Conclusion: The lack of scientific interest in cliffs to date is in striking contrast to the commonness of cliffs around the whole national territory and to the attraction cliffs have had for humans throughout history. Cliffs provide a unique habitat, rarely investigated from an ecological viewpoint. Cliffs may represent an invaluable type of ecosystem, consisting of some of the least disturbed habitats on earth and contributing more to the biodiversity of a region than their surface coverage would indicate. Although this coastal area where this study was carried out was designated as a conservation reserve, this area is in danger of severe disturbance due to excessive recreational use. We recommended a restoration plan to protect this area from such a disturbance.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

본 연구는 관광객의 증가 및 개발로 인해 식생의 파편화가 진행되고 있는 해안 곰솔림을 대상으로 효율적인 보전과 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 곰솔 우점림에 조사구 70개($20{\times}20m$)를 설치하여 수행하였다. 경상북도 동부 해안가 곰솔림의 군집분석 결과 곰솔림은 3개의 군집(곰솔-소나무군집, 곰솔-아까시나무군집, 곰솔-소나무-팽나무군집)으로 구분되었으며, 다수응답순열절차 검정 결과, 군집은 유의성 있게 나타났다. 지표종 분석 결과, 유의한 종은 소나무, 작살나무, 노간주나무, 산철쭉 등 19종이 분석되었다. 곰솔림의 개체군 구조는 12~26 cm의 직경급이 우점하는 것으로 나타났으며 고봉형 양상(hump-shape pattern)으로 나타났다. 종다양도(H')는 목본층에서 $1.033{\pm}0.234{\sim}1.629{\pm}0.226$, 초본층에서 $2.448{\pm}0.232{\sim}2.545{\pm}0.318$ 사이로 나타났다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.345-354
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• 2015

In this study, the landscape characteristics and culture of the sacred Dangsan forests at Dongnae-ri, Seonae-ri, Namnae-ri, Pyeongchon-ri and Gyochon-ri were investigated. And the potential for registration in the World Heritage List has been discussed by linking the Dangsan forests at the five sites. Dangsan forest, a traditional village forests of rural Korea is a representative cultural heritage with a history of more than several hundred years of Dangsan ritual. The Dangsan forests in the neighborhood of Naganeuoseong have retained the landscape of town fortress during Choseon Dynasty and the Dangsan ritual as a living culture. The three villages inside Naganeuoseong have kept their Upper Dang, Middle Dang and Lower Dang. There were 21 old trees in total; Zelkova serrata (2), Celtis sinensis (7), Aphananthe aspera (5) trees, Carpinus tschonoskii (2) and Ginkgo biloba (3). The three Dangsan trees and an old Aphananthe aspera, known as to be planted by the Admiral Yi Sun-sin were recognized. The two villages located outside of village fortress also have kept their Dangsan ritual. It is important whether the sites possesses authenticity in order to be listed in the World Heritage. The Dangsan forests in the neighborhood of Naganeuoseong have been verified for the authenticity, which should be focused. The places need to be clarified for their landscape features formed as a Dangsan forest, and sustainable protection and management plans are to be devised.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.81-96
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• 2009

This study has found out the status of the environment ecology(topography structure. land-use, flora, plant community structure, wildbird) in 10 uninhabited islands(i.e. Kei island, Hadon island, Sangdon island, Daewa island, Hwanggang island, Naebi island, Oebi island, Prickly castor-oil tree island, Tongin island, Yuk island), Namhae-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. Moreover, It has suggested ways of improving the environment ecology status by classifying the type of environment ecology about the degree of use and damage that based on the results of environment ecology survey. According to the results of topography structure survey, the survey site altitude was ranged within 1m$\sim$25m, otherwise, the radient was classified the rock area(.i.e. slope of less than $5^{\circ}$ the dead level) and the slope area where is steep slope. Moreover, there was showed evenly a variety of aspect. Land-use were divided the field(Kei island), dry native grasslands(Hadon island), naturalized grasslands(Sangdon island), Pinus thunbergii community(Dacwa island, Hwanggang island, Naebi island, Yuk island), the rock area(Oebi island, Prickly castor-oil tree island, Tongin island). As the results of flora survey, the number of plant species were 30$\sim$115 species and the naturalized species were found 2$\sim$12 species in each site. The results of plant community structure analysis, The dominant species were Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora were in upper tree layer, furthermore, it were Pinus thunbergii, Eurya japonica, Prunus sargentii, Celtis sinensis, Morus bombycis, ect. in cannopy tree layer. In shrub layer, the dominant species were Rosa multiflora, Rubus crataegifolius, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, etc. The status of wildbird bird, had been found 42 species 938 individuals, especially, there were Bubo bubo kiautschensis(natural monument No. 324) and Haematopus ostralegus osculans(natural monument No. 326). According to these synthetic results, we are able to classify the 5 types of environment ecology such as the natural coast forest that composed of Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora(Daewa island, Hwanggang island, Naebi island, Oebi island, Tongin island, Yuk island), the field in vegetation area(Kei island), vegetation succession area of fallow field type(Hadon island), vegetation damage area by the forest fire and disturbance elements(Prickly castor-oil tree island), dominant naturalized species grassland by grazing cattle(Sangdon island).

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.753-763
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• 2015

남한지역에 위치한 9곳의 정맥 마루금을 대상으로 식생상황을 파악하기 위해 각 정맥별로 출현한 식물군락명을 중심으로 산림식생유형을 분석하였고, 전체 정맥의 식생조사 데이터로 정량적 분석(TWINSPAN, DCA)을 실시하여 식물군락 분류 및 식생구조 특성을 파악하였다. 정맥별 출현군락명의 비율은 호남 및 낙동정맥에서 신갈나무, 굴참나무 등의 낙엽성 참나무류 우점군락이 상대적으로 많았다. 또한, 한남금북, 낙동, 호남, 금남호남, 금남, 금북정맥에서는 타 정맥에 비해 낙엽성 참나무류 및 낙엽활엽수류 출현군락명의 비율이 비교적 높았다. 이에 비해, 낙남과 한남, 한북정맥은 인공림 출현군락명의 비율이 높은 산림식생유형을 보였다. 정량적 분석 결과, 8개의 군락이 그룹화되었는데 그 군락은 팽나무-예덕나무군락, 낙엽성 참나무류군락, 곰솔-리기다소나무림, 소나무-신갈나무군락, 신갈나무-굴참나무군락, 신갈나무-소나무군락, 신갈나무-낙엽활엽수군락, 신갈나무-잣나무군락이었다. 정맥을 대표하는 산림식생유형은 신갈나무 우점군락, 소나무 우점군락, 낙엽성 참나무류군락 등이었다.