• 제목/요약/키워드: Cell tower

검색결과 30건 처리시간 0.034초

지하수중의 질산성질소 제거를 위한 영가철 충진 복극전해조의 현장적용에 관한 연구 (Removal of Nitrate in Groundwater by Bipolar ZVI Packed Bed Electrolytic Cell at Field Pilot)

  • 나소정;정주영;김한기;박주양
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제25권6호
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    • pp.989-994
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    • 2011
  • Nitrate contamination of groundwater is a common problem throughout intensive agriculture areas (non-point source pollution). Current processes (e.g. ion exchange and membrane separation) for nitrate removal have various disadvantages. The objective of this study was to evaluate electrochemical method such as electroreduction using bipolar ZVI packed bed electrolytic cell to remove nitrate from groundwater at field pilot. In addition ammonia stripping tower continuously removed up to 77.0% of ammonia. Bipolar ZVI packed bed electrolytic cell also removed E.coli. In the field pilot experiment for groundwater in 'I' city (average nitrate 30~35 mg N/L, pH 6.4), maximum 99.9% removal of nitrate was achieved in the applied 600 V.

영가철 충진 복극전해조를 이용한 질산성질소 및 대장균의 연속식 제거 (Continuous Removal of Nitrate and Coliform using Bipolar ZVI Packed Bed Electrolytic Cell)

  • 정주영;박정호;최원호;박주양
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.651-658
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    • 2011
  • Nitrate is a common contaminant in industrial wastewater and ground water. The maximum contaminant level set by EPA for nitrate of 10 mg/L as N. In this study, nitrate was removed using bipolar ZVI packed bed electrolytic cell that maximized the contact area between each electrode and contaminants under 600 V. Also this study investigates the simultaneously deals with removal of ammonia by operating air stripping tower. In addition to the air stripping also helped to precipitate iron ions to the form of iron oxides. Bipolar ZVI packed bed electrolytic cell was also effective in removing coliform by electrical power. In the continuous experiments for the simulated wastewater (initial nitrate for 25 mg/L as N), maximum 96.3% removal of nitrate was achieved in the applied 600 V at the flow rate of 6 mL/min.

연료전지 연료가스인 하수처리장 소화가스정제 (Anaerobic Digester Gas Purification for the Fuel Gas of the Fuel Cell)

  • 이종규;전재호;박규호;최두성;박재영
    • 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.164-170
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    • 2007
  • The Tancheon wastewater treatment plant(WWTP) in Seoul using anaerobic digestion to reduce the outlet sludge produces anaerobic digester gas which contains 65% $CH_4$ and 35% $CO_2$. The gas purification equipment was installed and operated to use Anaerobic Digester Gas(ADG) as a fuel for molten carbonate fuel cell(MCFC). The processes consist of the desulfurizer and the adsorption tower to remove $H_2S$ and siloxane in the gas. The gas purification equipment removed virtually over 95% of $H_2S$ and over 99% of siloxane. Results has demonstrated that the fuel cell can produce electrical output and hot water with negligible air emissions of CO, NOx and $SO_2$. The site provides the first opportunity in Korea for demonstrating Molten carbonate fuel cell(MCFC) which the digester gas was applied to the fuel gas.

스마트폰 기반 저전력 셀 타워 아이디 모니터링 방법 (Smartphone-based Energy-aware Cell Tower ill Monitoring Scheme)

  • 유완창;차호정
    • 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보과학회 2011년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.38 No.1(D)
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    • pp.36-37
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    • 2011
  • 스마트폰 상에서 현재 연결되어 있는 셀 타워 아이디의 정보는 사용자에게 특화된 서비스를 제공하기 위한 기초적인 정보로 활용이 가능하다. 셀 타워 아이디의 정보는 낮은 수준의 정확도의 위치정보를 얻을 수 있게 해주며 이러한 위치 정보의 계속적인 모니터링을 통해서 사용자의 생활 패턴가지도 유추가 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 안드로이드 플랫폼 상에서 추가적인 에너지의 소모 없이 셀 타워 아이디를 지속적으로 모니터링 하는 방법을 구현 및 실험 하였다.

Prognostic Value of MAC30 Expression in Human Pure Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lung

  • Ding, Hui;Gui, Xian-Hua;Lin, Xu-Bo;Chen, Ru-Hua;Cai, Hou-Rong;Fen, Yan;Sheng, Yun-Lu
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.2705-2710
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    • 2016
  • Recent evidence haas indicated that meningioma-associate protein (MAC30) exhibits different expression patterns in various tumors. However, little is known about the value of MAC30 in human squamous cell carcinoma of lung (SQCLC). The purpose of our study was to investigate the expression of MAC30 and to explore its clinical significance in SQCLC patients. A total of 156 Chinese patients diagnosed with SQCLC were selected for this study. The expression of MAC30 in all tissues was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to analyze MAC30 mRNA expression in 32 cases of SQCLC patients with corresponding non-tumor lung tissues. We observed enhanced mRNA expression of MAC30 in SQCLC as compared to control samples. Further, elevated MAC30 protein expression was strongly associated with poor tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis. In addition, we observed that patients with increased MAC30 expression demonstrated poor overall survival. Multivariate analysis explicated that increased MAC30 expression was a valuable independent predictable factor for poor tumor differentiation and short survival in SQCLC patients. Our present study suggests that MAC30 may serve as a biomarker for poor tumor differentiation and outcomes of patients with SQCLC.

저면적.저전력 1Kb EEPROM 설계 (Design of Low-Area and Low-Power 1-kbit EEPROM)

  • 여억녕;양혜령;김려연;장지혜;하판봉;김영희
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.913-920
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    • 2011
  • 본 논문에서는 수동형 900MHz RFID 태그 칩용 로직 공정 기반 저면적.저전력 1Kb EEPROM를 설계하였다. 1Kb 셀 배열 (cell array)은 1 워드 (word)의 EEPROM 팬텀 셀 (phantom cell)을 2차원 배열 형태인 (16행 ${\times}$ 16열) ${\times}$ 4블록으로 구성하였으며, 4개의 메모리 블록이 CG (Control Gate)와 TG (Tunnel Gate) 구동회로를 공유하므로 저면적 IP 설계를 하였다. TG 구동회로를 공유하기 위해 소자간의 전압을 신뢰성이 보장되는 5.5V 이내로 유지하면서 동작 모드별 TG 바이어스 전압을 스위칭해 주는 TG 스위치 회로를 제안하였다. 그리고 4 메모리 블록 중 하나의 블록만 활성화하는 partial activation 방식을 사용하므로 읽기 모드에서 전력소모를 줄였다. 그리고 하나의 열 (column)당 연결되는 셀의 수를 줄이므로 읽기 모드에서 BL (Bit-Line)의 스위칭 시간을 빠르게 하여 액세스 시간 (access time)을 줄였다. Tower $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 이용하여 (32행 ${\times}$ 16열) ${\times}$ 2블록과 (16행 ${\times}$ 16열) ${\times}$ 4블록의 2가지 배열 형태의 1Kb EEPROM IP를 설계하였으며, (16행 ${\times}$ 16열) ${\times}$ 4블록의 IP가 (32행 ${\times}$ 16열) ${\times}$ 2블록의 IP에 비해 레이아웃 면적은 11.9% 줄였으며, 읽기 모드 시 전력소모는 51% 줄였다.

고분자전해질연료전지를 위한 그래핀 기반 PtM 촉매들의 산소환원반응성 연구 (A Study on Oxygen Reduction Reaction of PtM Electrocatalysts Synthesized on Graphene for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell)

  • 양종원;최장군;조한익;박종진;권용재
    • 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.378-385
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    • 2014
  • In this research, we investigate electrical performance and electrochemical properties of graphene supported Pt (Pt/G) and PtM (M = Ni and Y) alloy catalysts (PtM/Gs) that are synthesized by modified polyol method. With the PtM/Gs that are adopted for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) as cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), their catalytic activity and ORR performance and electrical performance are estimated and compared with one another. Their particle size, particle distribution and electrochemically active surface (EAS) area are measured by TEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV), respectively. On the other hand, regarding ORR activity and electrical performance of the catalysts, (i) linear sweeping voltammetry by rotating disk electrode and rotating ring-disk electrode and (ii) PEMFC single cell tests are used. The TEM and CV measurements demonstrate particle size and EAS of PtM/Gs are compatible with those of Pt/G. In case of PtNi/G, its half-wave potential, kinetic current density, transferred electron number per oxygen molecule and $H_2O_2$ production % are excellent. Based on data obtained by half-cell test, when PEMFC singlecell tests are carried out, current density measured at 0.6V and maximum power density of the PEMFC single cell employing PtNi/G are better than those employing Pt/G. Conclusively, PtNi/Gs synthesized by modified polyol shows better ORR catalytic activity and PEMFC performance than other catalysts.

혐기성 소화 가스로부터 황화합물의 제거 (Removal of Sulfur Compounds from Anaerobic Digestion Gas)

  • 최도영;장성철;안병성;최대기
    • 공업화학
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2008
  • 혐기성소화가스(ADG)를 원료로 수소를 제조하여 연료전지에 활용할 경우 ADG에 포함된 황화합물이 개질기의 촉매와 연료전지의 전극에 독으로 작용하므로 금속이온이 담지된 활성탄을 이용하여 황화합물을 제거하였다. 수분과 산소농도에 따라 고정층 흡착량이 변화하였으며, 산소 0.2 vol%, RH 90% 이상일 때 가장 높은 흡착량을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서는 KI 첨착한 활성탄에서 황화합물의 흡착특성을 고정층에서 동특성 실험을 통해 관찰하고 그 결과를 기준으로 흡착탑을 설계 제작 현장실험을 실시하였다.

전기화학적 가속 부식 평가법에서 강재의 부식 손상에 미치는 인가전류밀도의 영향 (Effect of Applied Current Density on the Corrosion Damage of Steel with Accelerated Electrochemical Test)

  • 이정형;박일초;박재철;김성종
    • 한국표면공학회지
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    • 제49권5호
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    • pp.423-430
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    • 2016
  • In this study, we investigated the corrosion damage characteristics of steel for offshore wind turbine tower substructure using an accelerated electrochemical test. The galvanostatic corrosion test method was employed with a conventional 3 electrode cell in natural sea water, and the steel specimen was served as a working electrode to induce corrosion in an accelerated manner. Surface and cross-sectional image of the damaged area were obtained by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The weight of the specimens was measured to determine the gravimetric change before and after corrosion test. The result revealed that the steel tended to suffer uniform corrosion rather than localized corrosion due to active dissolution reaction under the constant current regime. With increasing galvanostatic current density, the damage depth and surface roughness of surface was increased, showing approximately 25 times difference in damage depth between the lowest current density ($1mA/cm^2$) and the highest current density ($200mA/cm^2$). The gravimetric observation showed that the weight loss was proportionally increased with increment of current density that has 75 times different according by experimental conditions. Consequently, uniform corrosion of the steel specimen was conveniently induced by the electrochemically accelerated corrosion technique, and it was possible to control the extent of the corrosion damage by varying the current density.

풍력발전기의 성능 모니터링 및 하중분석 (Performance Monitoring and Load Analysis of Wind Turbine)

  • 배재성;김성완;윤정은;경남호
    • 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 유체기계공업학회 2004년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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    • pp.385-389
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    • 2004
  • Test facilities for the wind turbine performance monitoring and mechanical load measurements are installed in Vestas 100 kW wind turbine in Wollyong test site, Jeju island. The monitoring system consists of Garrad-Hassan T-MON system, telemetry system for blade load measurement, various sensors such as anemometer, wind vane, strain gauge, power meter, and etc. The experimental procedure for the measurement of wind turbine loads, such as edgewise(lead-lag) bending moment, flapwise bending moment, and tower base bending moment, has been established. Strain gauges are on-site calibrated against load cell prior to monitoring the wind turbine loads. Using the established monitoring system, the wind turbine is remotely monitored. From the measured load data, the load analysis has been performed to obtain the load power spectral density and the fatigue load spectra of the wind turbine.

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