• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.23-30
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• 2008

This study implicated that the CBT-AK5 purified from Lactobacillus casei (LAFTI L26) which showed antitumor activity in ICR mice. Hence, ICR mice were inoculated intraperitoneally Sarcoma-180 as well as CBT-AK5. Then we observed the life span and tumor increment of those ICR mice. Here our studies showed effect on two different way of treatment as intraperitoneally and orally treated in Sarcoma-180 infected ICR mice. We found that intraperitoneally treatment of Sarcoma-180 and CBT-AK5 is more effective than orally fed. The life span of the ICR mice were highly reduced after the inoculation of Sarcoma-180. Those effects like increment of body weight, the growth of ascites and solid were inhibited significantly after the treatment of CBT-AK5 in Sarcoma-180 infected ICR mice. Finally these studies suggested that CBT-AK5 isolated form Lactobacillus casei showed excellent antitumor activity against Sarcoma-180 infected ICR mice.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2009

Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a promising tool for cellular therapy. It is known that long-term in vitro culture of human bone marrow and adipose tissue derived-MSCs lead to a reduction of life span and a change of stem-like characters. The aim of our study was to examine whether stem cell properties of human umbilical cord-derived stem cells (HUC) could be affected by in vitro expansion. Methods: HUC were isolated from human umbilical cord and cultured for 10 passages in vitro. Morphology and population doubling time (PDT) were investigated, and changes of stem cell properties were examined using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry during serial subcultures. Results: Morphology and PDT of HUC began to change slightly from the 7th passage (p7). Expression level of nestin and vimentin mRNAs increased along with the culture period from p4 until p10. In contrast, expression level of SCF mRNA decreased during the same culture period. Expression level of Oct-4 and HNF-4${\alpha}$ mRNAs was not significantly changed throughout the culture period until p10. Expression level of BMP-4, FGF-5, NCAM and HLA-ABC mRNAs appeared to increase as the culture continued, however, the difference was not significant. Immunocytochemical studies showed that HUC at p3, p6 and p9 positively were stained with antibodies against SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 proteins. Interestingly, staining intensity of HUC for ICAM-1 and HLA-ABC gradually increased throughout the culture period. Intensity against thy-1 and fibronectin antibodies increased at p9 while that against TRA-1-60 and VCAM-1 antibodies began to decrease at p6 until p9. Conclusions: These results suggest that HUC change some of their stem cell characteristics during in vitro culture. Development of culture system might be needed for the maintenance of characteristics.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.255-261
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• 2014

Poly-pharmacy has been on the rise because of aging of population and chronic disease. Most of drug metabolism happens in the liver by CYP isozymes and the metabolism by CYP450 enzymes. The Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a superfamily of enzymes that catalyzes the oxidations of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Primary human Hepatocytes (HH) are considered as the gold standard model for In vitro drug interaction studies. However, there are several limitations (cost, limited life span) for using HH cells. HepaRG cells are being used as a possible alternative. HepaRG cells were cultured in William E medium containing the positive control inducers (1A2: 10, 25, 50 ${\mu}M$ omeprazole, 2C9 and 2C19: 10 ${\mu}M$ rifampin, 3A4: 10, 25, 50 ${\mu}M$ rifampin) at $37^{\circ}C$, 5 % $CO_2$ in a humidified atmosphere. This study was to evaluate the induction of CYP isozymes (1A2, 2C9, 2C19 and 3A4) using LC-MS/MS. We evaluated the potential induction ability of Bosentan, as a drug of pulmonary artery hypertension, in HepaRG cells. For reference, dose of the Bosentan is determined to the basis of the $C_{max}$ (835 mg/ml) value. The enzyme activity demonstrated that CYP2C9 and 3A4 were induced up to 20 times by Bosentan. Like as In vivo, the enzyme activity of CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 is significantly induced in a dose-dependent by Bosentan.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.342-348
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• 2009

Zn/Air secondary batteries are high energy density type and environment-friendly. Also, they have safer properties than batteries of other type by low manufacturing cost and using the electrolyte solution. But, they have a weak concerning large output discharge. Oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and oxgen reduction reaction(ORR) in aqueous solution make a result of a decrease of cell efficiency and life span. Therefore, to minimize the voltage drop from between OCV and charge/discharge voltage is key point. The problem should be solved through developing catalysts of high efficiency. In this study, we synthesized $Pr_{1-x}(Sr,\;Ca)_x\;CoO_3$ powders by citric method and then measured physical characteristics of each powder by XRD, SEM, TGA etc. We examined its electrochemical properties by the cathodic polarization, anodic polarization and cyclic voltammogram. We achieved results that new catalysts showed better performances than existing $La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3$, $La_{1-x}Ca_xCoO_3$, ect. catalysts prepared in our lab.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.445-456
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• 2008

Telomeres consist of TTAGGG tandem repeated DNA sequences with specific proteins and locate at chromosome ends. Telomeres are essential for chromosome stability and are related with cell senescence, apoptosis and cancer. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein which has a template for the synthesis of telomeric DNA. This study was carried out to analyze the amount of telomeric DNA and telomerase activity in cattle cells. Analysis of the quantity of telomere in lymphocytes was done at different ages, sex and among Korean cattle and Holstein breeds. The telomerase activity was also analyzed in liver, brain, heart, kidney, and testis tissues of fetal calf and of 18 month old cattle. The amount of telomeres in lymphocytes and other tissue cells was analyzed by Quantitative-Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (Q-FISH) technique using a telomeric DNA probe. Telomerase activity was analyzed by Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol assay (TRAP). The amount of telomeric DNA on the lymphocytes during the whole life span was decreased along with age. Quantity of telomeres in Korean cattle was significantly higher than that in Holstein breed. The amount of telomeric DNA in males was significantly higher than that in females. Telomerase activity was up-regulated in most bovine tissues during fetal stage, but was down-regulated in most tissues at mature 18 month age except the testis cells. This study indicates that the amount of telomeres and telomerase activity of cells can be used as an age marker or/and a physiological marker of cattle.

• Journal of Oriental Physiology
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• v.14 no.2 s.20
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• pp.199-208
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• 1999

As the average life span have been lengthened and the rate of senile population have been raised, chronic degenerative diseases incident to aging has been increased rapidly and become a social problem. With this social background, recently, the facts that oxygen radicals(OR) have toxic effects on Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System and cause neuropathy such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer Disease have been turned out, and accordingly lots of studies on the mechanism of the toxic effects of OR on nerves, the diseases caused by OR and the approaches to curing the diseases have been made. The purpose of this study is to examine the toxic effects caused by Glucose Oxidase(GO) and the effects of herbal extracts such as Chilbokyeum(CBY) on the treatment of the toxic effects. For this purpose, experiments with the cultured cell from the cerebrums of new born mice were done. The results of these experiments were as follows. 1. GO, a oxygen radical, decreased the survival rate of the cultured cells on NR assay and MTT assay 2. GO, a oxygen radical, increased lipid peroxidation and the amount of LDH. 3. CBY have efficacy of decreasing lipid peroxidation. 4. CBY have efficacy of decreasing the amount of LOH. From the above results, It is concluded that Chilbokyeum has marked efficacy as a treatment for the damages caused in the GO-mediated oxidative process. And Chilbokyeum is thought to have certain pharmacological effects on controlling over aging and treating Dementia. Further clinical study of this pharmacological effects of Chilbokyeum should be complemented.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1261-1270
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• 2006

This study was done to investigate the effect of anti-cancer, anti-metastasis and immune response improvement of herbal-acupuncture with Evodiae Fructus herbal infusion solution(EF-HAS). To study the effects of anti-cancer, anti-metastasis and immune response improvement of EF-HAS, we injected EF-HAS into Chung-wan(CV12) of C57BL/6 mice implanted intravenously with Bl6-Fl0 melanoma. Then, we have examined the effect on the increasing of spleen cells, the effect on the number of CD25$^+$/CD4$^+$, CD8$^+$/CD3e$^+$, CD69$^+$/B220$^+$, NK1.1$^+$/CD3e$^+$ cells in mice's PBMCs, the effect on the pulmonary colony number, and the effect on median survival time(MST) and increase of life span(ILS) of C57BL/6 mice implanted intravenously with Bl6-Fl0 melanoma. The following results were obtained; in the experiment groups treated with EF-HAS, the spleen cell proliferation in C57BL/6 mice, the percentage of CD25$^+$/CD4$^+$, CD8$^+$/CD3e$^+$, CD69$^+$/B220$^+$, NK1.1$^+$/CD3e$^+$ cells in C57BL/6 mice's PBMCs, and MST and ILS of C57BL/6 mice implanted intravenously with Bl6-Fl0 melanoma were significantly increased compared with that of the control group. And in the experiment groups treated with EF-HAS, the pulmonary colony number of C57BL/6 mice implanted intravenously with Bl6-Fl0 melanoma was decreased significantly compared with that of the control group. These results support a role for EF-HAS might De usefully applied in treatment of cancer.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 1999

Queens of Korean native bumblebee species, Bombus ignitus were collected from the field in the spring of 1998 to investigate their ecological characteristics and reared under the laboratory conditions; 3 0 f 1$^{\circ}$C, 55 25% of relative humidity and darkness. As a result, 94.4% of the queens laid eggs in 6.00f 2.41 days after the field collection. The first worker and the first drone from the egg cell of the collected queens appeared in 18.90 f 1.16 and 68.96 f 3.94 days, respectively. In the colony foundation, 86.1% of the collected queens founded their colony, and 96.8% of them produced new queens in 71.14f 6.88 days. The life span of the colony-founded queen covered for 86.90f24.35 days, whereas that of non-colonized queen for 15.67 f 7.37 days. One colony sized as big as 987.82f 145.84 in number, composing of workers (188.79f 18.23), drones (691.10f 159.24) and queens (107.93 f47.48). Copulation lasting time of queen and drone took 23.00f 7.33 minutes in average. In a new queen emergence, there were two patterns; single peak type of new queen emergence in 12.31 k6.95 days and two peaks type of it in 74.00f 17.61 days. The number of eggs per egg cell of new queen averaged as 8.86f 4.00 grains and an egg period covered 3 days after oviposition. An egg cell sized as 7.15 f0.88 mm in a width, 7.79 f 1 .l 1 mm in a length and 3.33 f 0.23 mm in a height. An egg shaped as banana and sized as 1.22 f 0.09 mm in a width and as 3.5 1 f 0.21 mm in a length, weighing as 2.70 + 0.30 mg.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1971

혈액질환(血液疾患), 특히 용혈성빈혈(溶血性貧血)을 수반(隨伴)한 경우(境遇)에 적혈구(赤血球)의 생성(生成) 및 파괴과정(破壞過程)을 정확(正確)히 파악(把握)하는 것은 중요(重要)하여 특히 적혈구수명측정(赤血球壽命測定)은 빈혈(貧血)의 본능(本能) 및 발생기전(發生機轉)을 이해(理解)하는데는 물론 병인적(病因的) 치료(治療) 및 예후(豫後)를 결정(決定)하는데 대단(犬端)히 유용(有用)하다. 적혈구수명측정(赤血球壽命測定)에는 1919년(年) Ashby가 개발(開發)한 differential agglutination법(法)이 이용(利用)되어 왔으나 수혈(輸血)에 따른 위험(危險)이 있고 방법(方法)이 복잡(複雜)하다는 단점(短點)을 가져 새로운 적혈구수명측정법(赤血球壽命測定法)이 연구(硏究)되어 왔다. 최근(最近)에 $^{51}Cr$이나, $^{32}DFP$같은 방사성동위원소(放射性同位元素)를 이용(利用)한 방법(方法)이 도입(導入)된 이래(以來) 임상적(臨床的)으로 적혈구수명측정(赤血球壽命測定)이 많이 시행(施行)되고 있지만 아직까지도 그 방법(方法)이나 결과(結果)의 해석(解釋)에 표준화(標準化)가 안되어 있다. 현재(現在) 임상영역(臨床領域)에서 가장 널리 이용(利用)되고 있는 적혈구수명측정법(赤血球壽命測定法)은 방사성(放射性) chromium($^{51}Cr$)법(法)으로 1950년(年) Gray와 Sterling에 의(依)해 창안(創案)된 이래(以來) 많은 학자(學者)들에 의(依)해 여러 가지 변법(變法)이 고안(考案)되어 왔는데, 이의 가장 큰 이유(理由)는 $^{51}Cr$이 적혈구표지(赤血球標識)에 가장 이상적(理想的)인 것만은 아니고 그 결과(結果)에 많은 요인(要因)들이 영향(影響)을 미치기 때문이다. 또 이런 변법(變法)의 사용(使用)은 각(各) 검사(檢査)에서 계산(計算)된 측정치(測定値)에 차이(差異)가 있어 그 결과(結果)의 해석(解釋) 및 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)에 적지않은 난점(難點)이 생겨 표준화(標準化)된 공통적(共通的)인 방법(方法)의 사용(使用)이 중요(重要)하다는 사실(事實)이 인식(認識)되게 되었다. 1966년(年) 호주(濠洲)의 Sydney에서 개최(開催)되었든 제11차(第11次) 국제혈액학회(國際血學會)때 열린 제4차(第4次) International Committee for Standardization in Haematology(ICSH)에서 Diagnostic Applications of Radioisotopes in Haematology에 관(關)한 expert panel을 갖을것을 의결(議決)하여 다음과 같은 12명(名)의 위원(委員)이 결정(決定)되었으며 위원회(委員會)의 의장(議長)에 Dr. Szur, 총무(總務)에 Dr. Glass가 각각(各各) 선임(選任)되었다. 그간(間) 1967년(年) 영경(英京) London에서 첫 회합(會合)이 있은후(後) New York, Vienna(IAEA후원(後援)) Brthesda(NIH후원(後援))에서 전문위원회(專門委員會)를 갖고 적혈구수명측정법(赤血球壽命測定法)에 관(關)한 의견(意見)의 일치(一致)를 보았다. ICSH와 국제혈액학회(國際血學會)에서는 이번에 결정(決定)된 적혈구수명측정법(赤血球壽命測定法)을 널리 소개(紹介)하며, 측정법(測定法)과 얻어진 결과(結果)의 해석(解釋)에 표준화(標準化)를 기(期)할 목적(目的)으로 이에 연관성(聯關性)있는 전문지(專門誌)에 게재(揭載)할 것을 요청(要請) 받었기에 이에 전문(全文)을 소개(紹介)하는 바이다. 이들은 방사성(放射性) chromium 법(法)의 모든 세부적(細部的)인 면(面)을 표준화(標準化)하고 있으며 그간(間) 가장 논란(論難)의 대상(對象)이 되었던, $^{51}Cr$-표지방법(標識方法)에 있어서의 세가지 변법(變法), 즉 ACD법(法), Citrate-wash법(法), ACD/ascorbic acid법(法)을 모두 인정(認定)하고 있다. 또한, DFP($DF^{32}P$ 또는 $^3H-DFP$) 표지법(標識法)의 표준방법(標準方法)도 기술(記述)하고 있으며, 더욱 중요(重要)한 것은 적혈구수명측정법(赤血球壽命測定法)으로서 현재(現在)까지 대부분(大部分)의 학자(學者)가 사용(使用)하여 왔던 지표(指標)인 $T_{50}Cr$ 대신(代身)에 mean red cell life span을 사용(使用)할 것을 권(勸)하고 있다.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 1998

The sprig of Jinryungtang Gagambang has been used for curing as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for their clinical use. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract against cancer, and to study some mechanisms responsible for its effect. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell liens (A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Sarcoma 180) after exposure to Jinryungtang Gagambang extract using in ILS, colony forming efficency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. As a result of exposure to Jinryungtang Gagambang extract, the proliferation of A549, hep3B, Caki-1, good correlations were shown from the results of SRB assay and those of clogenetic assay. 2. The oral administration of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract showed significant effects of increase of MST(mean survival time) and ILS(increased life span) depending on the increasing concentration. 3. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Jinryungtang Gagambang decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice(TBM). Jinryungtang Gagambang also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell-implanted tumors by frequency and their size, and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract into TBM. 4. Jinryungtang Gagambang extract also increased NK cell activities. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Jinryungtang Gagambang extract has prominent antiutmor effect.