• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.127-134
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• 2015

The influence of triploidization on cell and nucleus size characteristics of the same tissues of erythrocyte, retina, kidney, hepatocyte and midgut epithelium in marine medaka, Oryzias dancena has been determined histologically. Induced triploid fish are produced by cold shock treatments. Likewise, the size of horizontal cell nucleus in inner nuclear layer of retina, ganglion cell nucleus in ganglion cell layer of retina, proximal tubule cell of kidney, hepatocytes and nuclear height of midgut epithelium all appear to be significantly larger than diploid (P<0.05). On the other hand, retina thickness is larger in diploid than induced triploid (P<0.05). Induced triploid shows low density of cell number. Results of this study suggest that same characteristics in the induced triploid exhibiting larger cells and nucleus sizes with fewer number of cells than the diploid can be useful criteria for the distinction between diploid and induced triploid, and also the ploidy level in marine medaka.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2011

Background: Renal cell carcinoma has shown less response to systemic therapies including chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy than other cancers. Surgery has therefore become an important treatment tool. The protocol for treatment is the same for pulmonary metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. We performed surgery for pulmonary metastatic renal cell carcinomas and analyzed the results. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 15 patients who had undergone pulmonary metastasectomy from renal cell carcinoma at our hospital from January 2005 to December 2009. Results: No patients had extrathoracic metastatsis. The mean age was 60.2 years (range 35~73). There were 12 male and 3 female patients. The number of synchronous and metachronous patients were 8 and 7, respectively. The mean survival times of synchronous and metachronous patients were 32.6 and 42.9 months, respectively. 6 patients had single lesions and 9 patients had multiple (more than 3) lesions. The surgical procedures included wedge resection (10), lobectomy (2), wedge resection with segmentectomy (2), and segmentectomy (1). Median observation and survival time were 54.1 and 34.9 months. The 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 80% and 50%, respectively. Conclusion: Pulmonary resection for pulmonary metastatic renal cell carcinoma was found to be a safe and effective treatment modality when complete resection was performed.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-35
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• 2009

Purpose : Granular cell tumour(GCT) is a rare benign tumour that can arise in anywhere throughout the body. Histopathological diagnosis of malignancy is difficult. We report a case of a granular cell tumor which developed on lower lip. Methods : A 58-year-old male had a palpable mass and whitish plaque in the oral mucosa for three months. Results : Under local anasthesia, the tumor was removed through wide excision including normal skin margin. Immediate reconstruction using local flap was done. Pathologic observation showed nests of polygonal cells with abundant granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm and round nuclei. Immunohistopathologic staining showed positive reaction on S-100 protein Conclusion : The results support the hypothesis that granular cell tumor is derived from Schwann cells. We report here on a case of granular cell tumor of lower lip that was successfully treated with radical resection.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2009

The effect of low doses of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on morphology changes of cell has been studied based on the observation of the cell length. It was shown that UV-irradiated cell has different behavior in comparison with non-irradiated cell. From the histogram of cell-length distribution, it was confirmed that cell cycle of non irradiated cell was 28 hours, and that cell cycle of irradiated cell with dose of $20\;Jm^{-2}$ was delayed (39 hours), while irradiated cell with $40\;Jm^{-2}$ and $60\;Jm^{-2}$ did not divide and kept growing continuously. It was supposed that in case of $20\;Jm^{-2}$ of irradiation dose, the cell cycle was delayed because the checkpoint worked in order to repair DNA damage induced by generation of pyrimidine dimer, reactive oxygen species and so on. It was also supposed that in case of $40\;Jm^{-2}$ and $60\;Jm^{-2}$ of irradiation dose, overgrowth was induced because the checkpoint was not worked well. The morphology of overgrown cell was similar to that of normally senescent cell. Therefore, it was considered that cell senescence was accelerated by UV irradiation with irradiation doses of $40\;Jm^{-2}$ and $60\;Jm^{-2}$.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.9-14
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution and penetration of PEG molecules into the cell wall of wood by SEM-EDS method. SEM observation indicated that the cell walls of PEG-treated specimen were swollen, and didn't show any change in their shapes, while the cells of untreated specimen were more or less collapsed. The results of X-ray analyses of potassium stained samples revealed the distribution of the impregnated chemicals within the cell walls, when considering the distribution of potassium ions in the cell walls. Consequently, this study supported the possibility of PEG molecules penetrated into the wood cell wall play an important role in enhancing the dimensional stability of wood.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 1973

The morphological changes of the enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal mucosae of Rana amurensis were observed during pre-hibernating, hibernating, post-hibernating and active period. The results of the observation are as follow: 1. The relative values of the enterochromaffin cell numbers in the pre-hibernating, hibernating and post-hibernating groups as compared with the active group are 1.50, 0.36 and 0.90, respectively. 2. In active and pre-hibernating groups, the enterochromaffin cells are large and middle-amount granulated cells and the sparse granulated cells increase significantly during hibernating and post-hibernating periods. 3. It is concluded that the morphological changes of enterochromaffin cells are due to lowered metabolic acitvities especially lowered endocrine activity during hibernation.

• Atmosphere
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-453
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• 2007

KEOP (Korea Enhanced Observing Period)-2004 intensive summer observation was carried out from 20 June to 5 July 2004 over the Southwestern part of the Korean peninsula. In this study, the effects of KEOP-2004 intensive observation data on the simulation of precipitation system are investigated using KLAPS (Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System) and PSU/NCAR MM5. Three precipitation cases during the intensive observation are selected for detailed analysis. In addition to the control experiments using the traditional data for its initial and boundary conditions, two sensitivity experiments using KEOP data with and without Jindo radar are performed. Although it is hard to find a clear and consistent improvement in the verification score (threat score), it is found that the KEOP data play a role in improving the position and intensity of the simulated precipitation system. The experiments started at 00 and 12 UTC show more positive effect than those of 06 and 18 UTC. The effect of Jindo radar is dependent on the case. It plays a significant role in the heavy rain cases related to a mesoscale low over Changma front and the landing of a Typhoon. KEOP data produce more strong difference in the 06/18 UTC experiments than in 00/12 UTC, but give more positive effects in 00/12 UTC experiments. One of the possible explanations for this is that : KEOP data could properly correct the atmosphere around them when there are certain amounts of data, while gives excessive effect to the atmospheric field when there are few data. CRA analysis supports this reasoning. According to the CRA (Contiguous Rain Area) analysis, KEOP data in 00/12 UTC experiments improve only the surrounding area, resulting in essentially same precipitation system so the effects remain only in each convective cell rather than the system itself. On the other hand, KEOP data modify the precipitation system itself in 06/18 UTC experiments. Therefore the effects become amplified with time integration.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.521-531
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• 2011

This paper presents the variable perturbation and observation(VPO) maximum power point tracking(MPPT) control of the photovoltaic(PV) system considering the shadow influence. The output characteristics of the solar cell is a nonlinear and affected by a temperature, the solar radiation and influence of a shadow. MPPT control is a very important technique in order to increase an output and efficiency of the solar power generation. Conventional perturbation and observation(PO) and incremental conductance(IC) are the method finding MPP by the continued self-excitation vibration. The MPPT control is unable to be performed by rapid output change affected by the shadow. To solve this problem, this paper proposes the VPO MPPT algorithm which changes step size according to output variation. The response characteristics of VPO MPPT algorithm proposed in this paper compares with response characteristics of conventional MPPT algorithm about the radiation, temperature and shadow influence. The validity of the algorithm proposed in this paper prove through the results of the comparisons.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2005

Cadmium is an environmental pollutant exposed from contaminated foods or cigarette smoking and known to cause oxidative damage in organs. We investigated the cadmium-induced apoptosis and cell arrest in human breast cancer cells, MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells. Obvious apoptotic cell death was shown in CdCl₂ 100 μM treatment for 12 hr, which were determined by DAPI staining and flow cytometric analysis. In cell cycle analysis, MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells were arrested in S phase and G2/M phase respectively. These could be explained by the induction of cell cycle inhibitory protein, p21/sup Waf1/Cip1/ and p27/sup Kip1/, expression and reduction of cyclin/Cdk complexes in both cell lines. The decreased expression of cyclin A and Cdk2 in MCF-7 cells and cyclin B1 and Cdc2 in MDA-MB-231 cells were consistent with the flow cytometric observation. p-ERK expression was increased dose-dependent manner in both cell lines. It suggests that ERK MAPK pathway are involved in cadmium-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, cotreatment of zinc (100 μM, 12 hr) recovered the cadmium-induced cell arrest in both cells, which shows cadmium-induced oxidative stress mediates apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 2007

Treatment of oral cancers with chemotherapeutic agents become evaluated as an effective method to reduce cancer cell proliferation. Anti-proliferative and anti-oral cancer activities of momordin I on oral cancer cells were evaluated in this study. Momordin I was originally purified from a natural product, Ampelopsis radix and showed the antiproliferative activity against oral carcinoma, KB cells. Obtained $IC_{50}$ value was approximately $10.4{\mu}g/ml$. Time-and dose-dependent chromosomal DNA fragmentations were observed in momordin I-treated KB cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed time-dependent apoptotic cell appearance after treatment of momordin I. Approximately 18.6% apoptotic cells were observed at 72 hours after $20{\mu}g/ml$ of momordin I treatment. These observation were consistent with the results obtained in DNA fragmentation analysis. These data suggest that momordin I has anti-proliferative effect and induces cell death in KB cells through apoptosis.