• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.99-103
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the anti-diabetic effect of the water extract of Neolentinus lepideus in a diabetic mouse model. Seven-week-old C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were fed either a control diet (CD) or diet supplemented with 1% or 5% of N. lepideus water extract (NLWE1 or NLWE5) for 10 weeks. Oral administration of NLWE significantly decreased the body weight gain compared to that of CD-fed group. Mice in the NLWE group had significantly lower levels of fasting serum glucose, fatty acids, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to those in the control group. These effects were accompanied by reduced fatty liver and improved glucose tolerance in the NLWE group. Taken together, these results suggest that N. lepideus might have potential as a dietary supplement to control diabetes.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 1999

Mine tailings, field soils, and paddy soils around Jingok abandoned mine were analyzed In order to investigate their pollution levels of heavy metals and cyanide. The average contents of As, Cd, Cu. Hg. Pb, Zn, and CN￣in mine tailings were 3.94$\times$$10^3$, 14.3, 266, 6.13, 4.07$\times$$10^3$, 2.51$\times$$10^3$, and 1.19mg/kg, respectively. The pollution indices calculated by the tolerance level of Kloke were 32~58 and the pH values were slightly acidic in mine tailings. In the field and paddy soils of Jingok abandoned mine area except for soils nearby mine tailings, concentrations of the heavy metals were less than standards of soil pollution of agricultural area in the environmental protection law.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.447-457
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate how Cortex Phellodendri affects metabolic functional change in an experimental rat model of obesity.Methods: An obesity model was induced in a C57BL/6 mouse with a high-fat diet. Mice were divided into three groups (n=6) of normal diet, high-fat diet (=control), and high-fat diet with Cortex Phellodendri. After 12 weeks, we measured the three mice groups’ body weight, FBG, FBI, HOMA-IR, OGTT, the weight of epididymal fat and liver, the percentage of ATM, and the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-10, and CD68.Results: Cortex Phellodendri significantly reduced blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance levels. It also reduced ATM numbers and TNF-α and CD68 gene expression and increased IL-10 gene expression.Conclusions: This study suggests that Cortex Phellodendri normalized the blood glucose and reduced the expression of inflammatory markers. However, with respect to other indicators of metabolic function in obesity, there were no significant results.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 1993

Stream sediment samples were collected in the vicinity of the Sambo Pb-Zn-barite mine in order to investigate dispersion patterns and pollution levels of heavy metals, and to find out their mode of occurrences. Those samples were analyzed for Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Mn by using partial extraction and sequential extraction methods. Stream sediments of this studied area has been contaminated severely by Pb, Zn, and Cd. Dispersion patterns of heavy metals in those sediments are different according to their pollution source and sampling distance from the mine. The stream sediment pH is generally neutral in control area, and is slightly acidic in the lower part of tailing dam. The main pollution source of stream sediments was confirmed as tailing and mine drainage. Their pollution level depends mainly on inflowed water and distance from the mine. The tolerance index ranges from -0.9 to 0.7. The mode of occurrances of heavy metals in polluted stream sediment are identified as Fe-Mn oxides, organic bounded and carbonate-bounded compound which show high potential of bioavailablity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.849-855
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• 2012

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) pseudomonads have a large number of lipopolysaccharides on the cell surface, which induces immune responses. Cd-resistant PGPR prevalent at the Cd-affected sites under biophytostabilization was monitored. Transmissiom electron microscopy was used to the study the behavior of tolerance of PGPR to cadmium level and its effect on pseudomonad strains (Z9, S2, KNP2, CRPF, and NBRI). An immunosensor was developed by immobilizing antibody (anti-Z9 or anti-S2) against selected PGPR on a piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Immunosensors were found to supplement the inherent specificity of antigen-antibody reactions with the high sensitivity of a physical transducer. On comparison of the efficiency of detection with ELISA, the spectrophotometric technique, the developed immunosensor was found to be more sensitive, fast, and reliable even after regeneration for several times. Thus, the immunosensor may be used for future detection of PGPR strains after automation of the screening process.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 1996

경구적으로 투여된 항원에 대해서 특이적으로 T세포의 기능과 항체산생이 억제되는 현상이 경구면역관용(oral tolerance)인 것이다. 지금까지 해석이 곤란하였던 이 현상에 대해서 최근 분자생물학적인 기법이 적용되기 시작한 결과, 이 현상에 관여하는 세포가 주로 $CD8^+$ T세포에의한 억제 혹은 $CD4^+$T세포의 불응답(unresponsiveness)에 기인하다는 것이 명백해졌다. 또한 각종 cytokine중 IFN$\gamma$, TGF$\beta$, IL-10 등이 이 현상에 있어 중요한 역할을 담당한다는 것이 밝혀지고 있다. 사실 경구면역관용은 말초면역관용을 야기한다는 것이 오래전부터 알려진 한 방도이다. 경구적으로 투여된 항원이 관용을 야기하는 일차적인 기전은 능동적인 억제의 발생 혹은 clone성 anergy(과민증에 대한 무감증)에 의거하는 것이다. 낮은 량의 경구투여항원은 능동적인 억제를 야기하기 쉬우나 반대로 높은 양의 경구투여항원은 clone성 anergy를 야기하는 경향이 있다. 능동적인 억제를 매개하는 조절세포는 경구면역관용에 의해서 격발된 후 TGF$\beta$및 IL-4와 같은 억제성 cytokine의 분비에 의해서 능동적 억제작용을 한다. 더구나 GALT(gut-associated lymphoid tissue)를 선별적으로 자극하는 항원은 Th2형 세포반응을 발생한다. 또한 이와같은 유도기구의 해석과 동시에 사람에서 면역반응의 이상으로 야기되는 관절 rheumatism이나 다발성경화증(multiple sclerosis) 그리고 각종 allergy도 이 경구면역관용을 이용하여 치료하는 것이 가능하게 되었다는 것이다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.40-51
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• 2009

A paired many-to-many k-disjoint path cover (paired k-DPC) of a graph G is a set of k disjoint paths joining k distinct source-sink pairs in which each vertex of G is covered by a path. In this paper, we investigate disjoint path covers in recursive circulants G($cd^m$,d) with $d{\geq}3$ and tori, and show that provided the number of faulty elements (vertices and/or edges) is f or less, every nonbipartite recursive circulant and torus of degree $\delta$ has a paired k-DPC for any f and $k{\geq}1$ with $f+2k{\leq}{\delta}-1$.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.324-332
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• 2001

Foods constitute a large portion of heavy metal exposure toward general population and attract a deep concern with respect to assuring human health. This study summarized published data in Korea on the content, and dietary intake of heavy metals and assessed their risk potential in comparison with foreign data. An analysis for the yearly fluctuation of metal contents including arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead by flood group (marine fishes, coastal shellfishes, freshwater fishes, cereal grains) exhibited a decreasing trend from the 1970s to the 1990s. When compared with domestic standards of heavy metals, their mean contents were below the limit and their maximum values seldom exceeded the limit. The data on the dietary intake of heavy metals by Koreans showed a decreasing trend from the 1980s to the 1990s. The average intakes offs and Hg were 6∼8% and those of Cd and Pb were 50∼80% of PTWI(provisional tolerable weekly intake), all of which were below the tolerance. As the extreme intakes of these metals may exceed the PTWI, a careful assessment for them may be necessary. Dietary intakes of Cd, Hg and Pb by Koreans lie in the mid-level among countries cited in the GEMS/Food monitoring data. As fishery foods are suspecious of contamination with Hg, Cd and As, and floods in general are with Pb, it is necessary to establish legal limits for these metals and monitor any progress of their contamination. Furthermore, overall assessment of exposure to heavy metals from all sources including floods, air, drinking water and occupation should be made in order to confirm the dietary risk factors and to assure the safety of food resources.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.312-318
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• 1998

The potentials of some Korean wild plants as a phytoremediator for cleaning heavy metal pollution were measured. Several plant species, Ambrosia trifida, Brassica juncea, Rumex crispus, and Abutilon theophrasti screened previously for phytoremediator were treated with cadmium and copper solution. In order to know the growth response to heavy metal stress, the plants were cultivated in hydroponic system containing heavy metals with different concentration. To know the effects of heavy metals on emergence and seedling growth, seeds of 4 species were sown in the pot and watered with heavy metal solution adjusted pH to 6.5, 5.5, and 4.5. A proposed species as potential phytoremediator, A. trifida, showed tolerance to $20{\mu}mol/L$ Cd and $80{\mu}mol/L$ Cu in nutrient solution without apparent growth reduction, and up to $100{\mu}mol/L$ Cd and $400{\mu}mol/L$ Cu without critical visual injury. Up to 311mg/kg of Cd and 369mg/kg were accumulated in dried aerial part in A. trifida. In contrast, A. theophrasti showed injury at $400{\mu}mol/L$ Cu. Significant differences were shown in Cu accumulation among the four species. A. trifida had much higher concentrations of Cd in the shoot, whereas R, crispus accumulated higher concentrations of Cd in the shoot. Testing plant species showed reduced emergence rate with heavy metal treatment. When pH was lowered, the emergence and seedling growth were affected severely with heavy metal. We can suggested that A. trifida was the most proper species for phytoremediation in heavy metal-polluted regions.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.511-518
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• 2004

Providing marine signal lanterns with advantages of little weight as well as large aperture, a Fresnel lens has been adopted to transfer the beam from the lanterns up to 10 nautical miles (18.53 km). A Fresnel lens with the diameter of 250 mm and 300 mm was designed by a lens design program and optimized by adjusting the groove parameters of the lens. The angular luminous intensity distribution (ALID) of this lens was calculated by using an illumination analysis program considering the ALID of a light bulb. At the best alignment of the bulb, the maximum luminous intensities (MLI) of the lantern were 1000 cd (in the case of 250 mm diameter) and 1300 cd (in the case of 300 mm diameter). These are more than the critical value of 720 cd that is the Korean Standard of MLI for the marine lantern. The ALID was investigated as a function of misalignment from the lens focus to determine the tolerance of the alignment ranges.