• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.926-934
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of restaurant service quality dimensions on service value, satisfaction, and behavior intention. A total of 273 questionnaires were completed. A structural equation model was used to measure the causal effects. The results of the study show that the confirmatory factor analysis model presented an excellent model fit. The unrestricted model yielded a significantly better fit to the data than the two restricted models. In the unrestricted model, the effect of reliability on service value was statistically significant. The effects of tangibles and empathy on satisfaction were also statistically significant. As expected, empathy had a significant effect on behavior intention. Moreover, empathy had a significant indirect effect on behavior intention through service value and satisfaction. Restaurants should devote themselves to factors such as reliability in order to improve service value. Also, attention must be given to another important factor, empathy, since this influenced not only satisfaction, but also behavior intention.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.143-167
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• 2013

The main propose of this research is to examine the performances in ERP introduced enterprises by utilizing BSC model proposed by Kaplan and Norton [1992], to realize this goals, a theoretical review on ERP, BSC, and other related issues is performed in advance, accordingly, research model was generated. In conceptual model analysis, we focused on casual relationships among four performance measurement indicators after introduction of ERP proposed by Kaplan and Norton [2000]. To test the model, structural equation modeling is employed to analyze data collected from 164 enterprises which have introduced ERP for more than 1 year. Survey respondents were confined within the representatives of each enterprise's ERP. Hypotheses proposed in our research are tested by covariance structure model, results are listed as follow : First, learning and growth performance is significant factors for improving both internal process performance and customer performance; second, process performance has a positive impact on customer performance third, despite that customer performance is positively related to financial performance, no direct relationship is found between internal process performance and financial performance, an indirect relationship is built through intermediate medium of customer performance. Based upon these results, we discuss implications at the latter part of paper. Meanwhile, we also provide research limitations, and future research in the final section.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.72-83
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• 2003

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the causal relationship, in the perspective of Total Quality Management, among the education quality factors, which were suggested in the previous researches, including education leadership, process improvement, educational environment, regional commitment, student performance and satisfaction of education quality. In this study, education quality factors were measured by several measures, and were processed with the most efficient statistical package in the SEM area, AMOS. In order to analyze the causal relationship among the education quality, this study designed the structural equation model with suggested factors and established several the research hypotheses. Also this study found that there was a prominent causality among the education quality factors, such as education leadership, education environment, student performance and satisfaction of education quality.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.455-463
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• 2022

The current study adds to the body of knowledge about the mediation in the causal link between students' perceptions of the utility of eLearning and their learning performance. The data was collected from 500 questionnaires that were delivered to the students at the Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City. Only 422 finished questionnaires were usable for analyses, indicating a responding rate of 84.4%. Multiple regressions were used to investigate causal correlations, whereas Goodman's (1960) techniques were used to investigate mediating relationships. The major findings reveal that both the utility and adoption of eLearning have an impact on students' learning performance, with usefulness being a crucial determinant of eLearning adoption for study. More meaningfully, statistical evidence on the mediation of adopting eLearning for study in the causal linkage from the usefulness of eLearning perceived by students to their learning performance was provided. The relevance of using eLearning for study is stressed in this study, where it is not only one of the key antecedents of their learning performance, but also acts as a mediator between the usefulness of eLearning and learning performance in the research model.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.379-390
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• 2020

Recently, interest in online teaching·learning and evaluation tools has increased in the context of Covid-19. In order to use tools effectively, it is necessary to identify the structural influence and causal relationship between the learner's affective and cognitive variables. In this study, to identify a causal relationship between motivation and thinking while using online judge, research and competing model were established and model fit/path analysis were performed. It was found that there was a linear causal relationship from tool usage, self-efficacy, flow, logical thinking, to computational thinking. It was confirmed that 'self-efficacy → flow', or 'flow' had mediating effect on the path from tool usage to thinking, and tool usage was not exerted to thinking through 'flow → self-efficacy'. The causality of 'logical thinking → computational thinking' was identified on the path where tool usage affects thinking ability through learning motivation, but the causality of 'computational thinking → logical thinking' was not identified.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.69-77
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• 2014

System Dynamics(SD) is one of the complexity theories that has attracted attention as a computer-aided simulation methodology to analyze a dynamic problem and to develop a policy(strategy) in social science. Though there are properly unproven cases in research models which were developed in various fields by SD methodology during the last five decades, they are utilized as models to represent SD sub-theories. For this reason, this study targeted the population dynamics model which was frequently utilized to explain SD fundamentals and it proved errors of reasoning a structure of the existing causal and dominant feedback loop. Consequently, we presented a strategy to strengthen the coherence between CLD(causal loop diagram) and SFD(stocks-and-flows diagram) for improving validity of the existing model. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of the existing SD and to the reinforcement of validation for policy research models of SD.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 2023

Forecasting volatility is essential to avoiding the risk caused by the uncertainties of an financial asset. Complicated financial volatility features such as ambiguity between non-stationarity and stationarity, asymmetry, long-memory, sudden fairly large values like outliers bring great challenges to volatility forecasts. In order to address such complicated features implicity, we consider machine leaning models such as LSTM (1997) and GRU (2014), which are known to be suitable for existing time series forecasting. However, there are the problems of vanishing gradients, of enormous amount of computation, and of a huge memory. To solve these problems, a causal temporal convolutional network (TCN) model, an advanced form of 1D CNN, is also applied. It is confirmed that the overall forecasting power of TCN model is higher than that of the RNN models in forecasting VIX, VXD, and VXN, the daily volatility indices of S&P 500, DJIA, Nasdaq, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.109-122
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• 2000

The present study examined the causal relationships among nurses' perceived autonomy, job satisfaction, work environment (work overload, role conflict, situational support, head nurses' leadership), personal aspects(experiences, need for achievement, professional knowledge and skill) by constructing and testing a theoretical framework. Based on literature review nurses' perceived autonomy and job satisfaction were conceived of as outcomes of the interplay among work environment and personal characteristics. Work environment factors involved work overload, role conflict, situational support, and head nurses' leadership (task oriented leadership, relation oriented leadership). Personal charateristics included experiences, need for achievement, and professional knowledge and skill. Three large general hospital in Chonbuk were selected to participate. The total sample of 516 registered nurses represents a response rate of 92 percent. Data for this study was collected from July to September in 1998 by Questionnaire. Path analyses with LISREL 7.16 program were used to test the fit of the proposed conceptual model to the data and to examine the causal relationship among variables. The result showed that both the proposed model and the modified model fit the data excellently. It needs to be notified, however, that path analisis can not count measurement errors; measurement error can attenuate estimates of coefficient and explanatory power. Nevertheless the model revealed relatively high explanatory power. 42 percent of nurses' perceived autonomy was explained by predicted variables; 32 percent of nurses' job satisfaction was explained by by predicted variables. Tn predicting nurses' perceived autonomy the findings of this study clearly demonstrated the work overload might be the most important variable of all the antecedent variables. Head nurses' relation oriented leadership, situational supports, need for achievement, and role conflict were also found to be important determinants for nurses' perceived autonomy. As for the job satisfaction, role conflict, situational supports, need for the achievement, and head nurses' relation oriented leadership were in turn important predictors. Unexpectedly the result showed perceived autonomy have few influence on job satisfaction. The results were discussed, including directions for the future research and practical implication drawn from the research were suggested.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2006

The goal of qualitative analysis is to capture and formalize qualitative and intuitive knowledge about physical world. Qualitative reasoning has been successfully applied to electric and mechanical mechanism domains, in which most of reasoning has focused on simulation. This paper introduces a qualitative comparative analysis technique which predicts how a change in a given situation propagates. We developed a comparative analysis technique which extends previous research by including a reasoning technique about the relative rate of the change of a parameter. Previous research focuses only on the relative change of a parameter. Causal model for the given situation is generated from qualitative domain model. The propagation by the change in causal relations are traced by applying our comparative analysis. By providing explanation as well as prediction for the given change, our technique is expected to be used in design, diagnosis, intelligent tutoring system, environmental evaluation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.181-188
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• 2021

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the causal relationship between school life adjustment and life satisfaction among adolescents through longitudinal panel data. The current study analyzed the 1st through 7th wave data in the 4th grade panel of elementary school from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). The research model was tested using auto-regressive cross-lagged model. The major results were as follows. First, adolescents' school life adjustment had a positive auto-regressive effect. Second, adolescents' life satisfaction had a positive auto-regressive effect. Third, adolescents' school life adjustment was a causal predictor of life satisfaction, but not vice versa. Finally, implications in terms of enhancing adolescents' school life adjustment and life satisfaction were also discussed.