• 보건행정학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.78-98
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to categorize the contribution evasion and develop the expected models for contribution arrears in National Health Care System. The modified logistic regression model in non-payments was used as logistic regression model based on the statistical method. By using this model, we arranged non-payment types and typical branches those are appeared by statistical technique. First fact, sex and age branches those are able to take a part in economy had effect mostly. Also they had difference in non-payment probability by existence of their incomes and property. Especially people who didn't have their own house and car were appeared in high non-payment probability, disease and reduction characteristic(rare diseases, reduction of seniors, handicaps, numbers of medical treatments) didn't effect much in probability. The reason for some characteristic of non-payment which is higher than the correct threshold value of Logistic Regression Model (a suggested model for predicting non-payment)'s distribution of probability was mostly moral hazard. Living difficulty was the bigger reason for non-payment, but moral slackening was the bigger reason for non-payment. But it is careless to decide that moral hazard is just the reason, there is a necessity to examine on the side of sociology based in family. By the reason, the member's non-payment reason can be classified by economy, population, and psychology, but there was a comprehension that losing of work desire could be one reason. So we analyzed informations for composition of family of members. In conclusion, we grasped that family conflict makes non-payment and conversion of member in the National Basic Livelihood Protection System difficult.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1455-1462
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine green consumer behavior (green product purchasing behavior and green consumption life) affected by demographical characteristics, and cognition degree of green life (cognition of a green indicator, a green life catalyst system, and environmental problems). It's also to promote strategy and suggest effective activation plans for the vitalization of green consumer behavior. To carry out the task, verification of credibility, multiple regression analysis, two-step cluster analysis, and multinomial logistic analysis were used. The results are as follows: First, the factors that effect green product purchasing behavior were gender, age, cognitive of a green indicator, carbon points system, electricity peak hour system, and seriousness of environmental damage due to lifestyle. Second, the factors that effect green lifestyle were gender, age, carbon grade indicator system, cognition of a green system, and the seriousness of environmental damage due to lifestyle. Third, the comparative group characteristic analysis showed low rates for careless green consumer behavior groups compared to the passive green consumer behavior groups in cognition of a green indicator, green system, and environmental problems. For active green consumer behavior groups, the analysis showed high rates in cognition of carbon grades, eco-labeling, electricity peak hour system, and environmental damage due to lifestyle. In order to encourage green consumer behavior, it's evident that cognition of a green indicator, a green life catalyst system, and environmental problems need to be improved through strategic education and continuous encouragement.

• 인지과학
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.223-243
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• 2017

한글 입력 방식은 어떤 형태이건 기본 낱자들에 대한 글쇠배열과 결합 규칙이라는 두 요소를 반드시 가진다. 그런데 그 규칙을 토대로 입력 방식을 실제로 구현해 보면, 기본 낱자가 여럿 모인 복합 낱자를 입력할 때 모호성이 존재하거나 다음 글자의 연속 입력이 되지 않는 식의 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 한글은 모아쓰기라는 특성으로 인해 낱자 경계와 글자 경계라는 보이지 않는 정보가 입력 과정에서 추가로 고려되어야하기 때문이다. 초성과 종성을 문맥에 따라 구분해야 하는 두벌식, 글쇠가 매우 적은 모바일 환경, 수십 종류의 낱자들을 조합해야 하는 옛한글이라는 조건이 더해지면 입력 방식을 기술하고 분석하는 난이도가 더욱 높아진다. 본 논문에서는 한글 입력 방식에서 쓰이는 낱자의 결합 규칙을 대결합과 소결합으로 구분해서 기술하는 체계를 제안하며, 이를 토대로 어떤 입력 방식이 주어졌을 때 복합 낱자를 입력하는 세부 규칙을 생성하고 예상되는 문제점을 자동으로 분석해 주는 도구 프로그램을 소개하였다. 그리고 모바일용 삼성 천지인과 KT나랏글 한글 입력 방식을 실제로 분석한 결과를 제시하였다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2014

Objectives: The major objective of this study was to develop a tier 2 exposure model combining tier 1 exposure model estimates and worker monitoring data and suggesting narrower exposure ranges than tier 1 results. Methods: Bayesian statistics were used to develop a tier 2 exposure model as was done for the European Union (EU) tier 2 exposure models, for example Advanced REACH Tools (ART) and Stoffenmanager. Bayesian statistics required a prior and data to calculate the posterior results. In this model, tier 1 estimated serving as a prior and worker exposure monitoring data at the worksite of interest were entered as data. The calculation of Bayesian statistics requires integration over a range, which were performed using a Riemann sum algorithm. From the calculated exposure estimates, 95% range was extracted. These algorithm have been realized on Excel spreadsheet for convenience and easy access. Some fail-proof features such as locking the spreadsheet were added in order to prevent errors or miscalculations derived from careless usage of the file. Results: The tier 2 exposure model was successfully built on a separate Excel spreadsheet in the same file containing tier 1 exposure model. To utilize the model, exposure range needs to be estimated from tier 1 model and worker monitoring data, at least one input are required. Conclusions: The developed tier 2 exposure model can help industrial hygienists obtain a narrow range of worker exposure level to a chemical by reflecting a certain set of job characteristics.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2011

Objectives : Children who are users of local children's centers are mostly in the lower income brackets or raised by single parents or grandparents. Their parents are usually careless about them, or they are placed in tough environments. Specifically, they are unlikely to be taught at home to brush their teeth on a regular basis. The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health education experiences of teachers at local children's centers and the reality of oral health care provided by them to children, and to pave the way for the development of collaborative oral health education programs by local children's centers and local communities. Methods : The subjects in this study were teachers who worked at 158 local children's centers located in Gyeongnam Province. Each teacher was asked to fill out the given a questionnaire at the centers. The survey was conducted by phone or in person from February 26 to April 1, 2009. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 program, and statistical data on frequency and percentage were acquired to find out the general characteristics of the teachers. And crosstabulation was utilized to look for connections between oral health education experiences and actual oral health care. Results : At the 158 local children's centers, 21 teachers had ever learned about oral health education to provide children with that, and 137 teachers hadn't. The local children's centers that the former worked for had more interest in dental caries, and those centers had children do toothbrushing more than the other centers at which the latter served. Conclusions : It seems that local children's centers and local communities should make concerted efforts to develop joint education programs.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권8호
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• pp.1064-1069
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• 2014

The railway signalling system plays an essential role in the headway and routing control for a safe and efficient train operation. The reliable and safe operation of the system is very important because the failure of the railway signalling system can lead to the collision, derailment, or unexpected stop of a train. So far, the conventional wayside signal mode (ATS: Automatic Train Stop) has been generally used as the railway signalling system. However, this system is highly linked to a risk of major accidents resulted from human mistakes such as missing a signal or careless control of train speed. Accordingly, the onboard signal mode (ATC: Automatic Train Control) as an alternative of ATS has been recently introduced and applied to transmit effectively the information on speed control of a train by using computers and communication equipment. In the process of replacing the obsolete signal system, it is necessary to switch over the system while providing passengers with normal services. Therefore, the integration of a railway signaling system compatible for both ATS and ATC and its interface is discussed in this study. In particular, the implementation scenario required for operation planning of the integrated system was designed, and the results as well as effects of its applicability test were also presented.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2016

지금까지 의료서비스에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되었지만 기존 연구들은 원인변수와 결과변수와의 관계를 규명하는 데만 초점을 두고 있다. 하지만 의료서비스 문제는 다른 서비스 산업과 상대적으로 비교해볼 때 문제 발생 시 고객이 느끼는 감정은 다를 것이라 예측되며, 최근 의료관광과 더불어 의료서비스의 중요성이 부각되는 시점이다. 이에 본 연구는 의료서비스 문제에 관한 정성적 자료를 실증 분석하였으며, 단어구름기법도 이용하였다. 연구의 주요결과를 살펴보면, 의료서비스 문제는 항목별로 의료과실, 간호사 업무미숙, 무심한 진료, 과잉검사 및 진료, 치료강요 및 거부, 응급대기, 불친절, 예약문제, 프로세스문제, 불편함 등 총 10개의 요인으로 나타났다. 그 중 복구 불가능한 서비스 실패에서 가장 많이 산출된 주요 단어는 의료과실, 무심한 진료, 간호사의 업무미숙 순이며, 복구 가능한 서비스 실패에서는 불친절한 태도와 예약시스템에 관한 부정적 경험의 주요 단어가 가장 많이 도출되었다. 의료서비스 문제 후 고객행동은 대부분 강력한 항의를 하며, 아주 심각한 문제에 대해서는 공개적 항의를 하거나 법적대응을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결론에서는 연구결과 요약과 시사점, 그리고 향후 연구에 대한 제언을 하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.108-119
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• 2009

본 연구는 인터넷 게임 중독수준에 따라 대학생의 의사소통유형 및 문제해결능력에 어떠한 차이가 있는가를 밝혀내기 위해 진행되었다. 이를 위해 경상도, 전라도, 서울지역 대학생 295명을 연구대상으로 삼았다. 일원변량분석을 통해 분석한 결과 첫째, 대학생의 인터넷게임 중독 수준에 따라 의사소통유형에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 인터넷게임에 중독되어 있는 대학생들이 중독되지 않은 대학생에 비해 일치형의 기능적 의사소통은 적게 사용하는 반면 비난형, 회유형, 산만형의 역기능적 의사소통을 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대학생의 인터넷 게임 중독 수준에 따라 문제해결능력에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 인터넷게임에 중독된 대학생들은 문제가 발생했을 때 합리적 문제해결 스타일은 적게 사용하는 반면 부정적 문제지향, 충동-부주의적, 회피적 스타일을 더 많이 사용하여 해결하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

Backgrounds: Burn of children and adolescents is an accident due to careless protector in many case. All the pediatric burns are preventable. We investigated the characteristics of pediatric burns. Such data can propose proper health educational program designs to suit the community. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the characteristics of pediatric burn patients and to discusses a possible prevention program for this population. Methods: The subjects were 77 patients reviewed burn injury in pediatric under 15 years old. Data were burn center of the B General Hospital from January 1 to December 31 2009 and a retrospective epidemiological study was collecting medical records. Results: seventy-seven children and adolescents with burn were admission treated for Burns and they were 54.5% boys and 45.5% girls. An incidence of age group with pediatric burn was less than one year of age(46.8%), 2-3 year(27.3%), 4~7year(10.4%), over 8 years old(15.6). Length of stay hospitalization was 1~2 week(32.9%) highest percentage and second-degree deep burns were 41.6% the highest percentage. Divided by the age of about 3, length of stay, ICU status, time of injury onset, cause, indication, place of accident, treatment, degree, region of burns had a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Less than one year of age was the highest percentage. Divided by the age of about 3, Characteristics and factors affecting the range of burn were significant. Education and guide are necessary to reduce incidence of pediatric burns.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.183-232
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• 1999

The legislative body of The People's Republic of China, the National People's Congress, enacted the first arbitration act in China's history on August 31st, 1994, which took effect on September 1, 1995. The problems revealed through a comparison of China's Arbitration Act with the UNCITRAL model arbitration law were studied as well as the enacting process, background, status and system, important contents, problems of Chaina's Arbitration Act, and the differences between the old arbitration regulations and the new arbitration act. These are all discussed in this paper. The Arbitration Act is the basic act ruling over china's arbitration system: it unified the previously confusing laws and regulations relevant to the arbitration system, and the act brings out fundamental changes in China's domestic arbitration to the level of international arbitration standards. It is possible to view this act as a cornerstone in China's arbitration system. But, as discussed in this paper, there are still a lot of problems with the new act and only a few of the merits which the UNCITRAL model arbitration law has. First, under China's Arbitration Act, parties enjoy autonomy to some degree, but the range of party autonomy, compared to that of the UNCITRAL model arbitration law, is too narrow. Second, because China's Arbitration Act didn't explicitly provide issues which can give rise to debate, a degree of confusion in its interpretation still remains. Third, China's Arbitration Act's treatment of some important principles was careless. Fourth, in some sections, China's Arbitration Act is less reasonable than the UNCITRAL model arbitration law. These problems must be resolved in order to develop China's arbitration system. The best way of resolving these problems for China is to adopt the UNCITRAL model arbitration law. But it is difficult to expect that China will accept this approach, because of the present arbitration circumstances in China. Although it is difficult to accept all the contents of the UNCITRAL model arbitration law, China's legislators and practitioners must consider the problems mentioned in this paper.