• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.232-241
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• 1996

This study was designed to compare the effect of different dietary fats on plasma lipids, the degree of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in RBC and liver rats treated with or wighout 1, 2-dimethylhydrazing (DMH). Male Sprague Dawley rats, at 7 weeks-old, were divided into control and DMH-treated grous, and each group was again subdivided into four were perilla oil (PO), blend fat (BF) containing ten different kinds of dietary oil, beef tallow (BT), corn oil (CO). At the same time, each rat was injected intramusculary with saline(for control) or DMH twice a week for 6 weeks to give total dose of 180 mg/kg body weight. Compared with BT feeding, BF reduced plasma total choesterol level and PO and Co reduced plasma TG levels (p<0.05). DMH injection decreased plasma cholesterol in all dietary groups. However, PO decreased tocopherol levels and increased TBARS levels in RBC compared to BT. The degree of hemolysis in PO group was higher than that of BT group (p<0.05 only in control group. Fatty acid composition of hepatic microsome was reflected by dietary fatty acid profile. The peroxidizability index and TBARS level in hepatic micorsome were significantly increased but tocopherol level was lowered in PO group compared to BT group. Activites of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in RBC and hepatic cytosol were not influenced y dietary fats and DMH treatment(p<0.05). Overall, perilla oil rich in $\omega$3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid could be a very important dietary source in reducing plasma lipids and blend fat was also good dietary oil mixture in reducing plasma cholesterol. However, the degree of lipid peroxidation was greater in tissue by perilla oil feeding and it is very difficult to use only perilla oil as oil source for meal preparation, so that it could be suggested to use more perilla oil and fish to give an equal effect of blend fat in order to reduce the risk factors against cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2007

The present study was carried out to evaluate the physiological effects of mushroom supplementation on blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzyme activities in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects were randomized into either a control group or mushroom supplementation group. Mushroom supplementation was provided 3 times a day for 4 weeks. We found that total dietary fiber intake was about 2.5 times higher (30.3 g vs. 12.3 g) in subjects receiving mushroom supplementation than in the control group. Two groups maintained the same food intake and amount of activity, exercise during the supplementation. We observed no difference in age, height, weight, BMI (body mass index), blood pressure between the groups. Nutrient intake did not differ appreciably between the two groups, except for fiber intake, during the supplementation. Fasting blood glucose levels and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower in those ingesting mushroom than in controls. Furthermore, the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased significantly in the mushroom supplementation group. Small changes were observed in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of those supplemented with mushroom, but these changes were not statistically significant. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase with mushroom supplementation were higher than in controls, but and glutathione peroxidase activity was not affected. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance of mushroom group were lower than control group, but were not significant. We conclude that addition of mushroom influences glycemic control and may be effective in lowering blood lipids and improving antioxidant enzyme activities. Accordingly, such effects may reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, to confirm these effects and to make dietary recommendations for patients with type 2 diabetes, further studies are necessary.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2001

Microalbuminuria is a strong predictor of diabetic nephropathy and is also associated with increased mortality in people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) patients. Improved glycemic control and dietary protein restriction are recommended to retard and avoid developing microalbuminuria. The purpose of this study was to measure the dietary counseling effects for diabetes mellitus patients with microalbuminuria. To investigate the effects of the dietary counseling effect, thirty NIDDM patients with microalbuminuria were selected from outpatient diabetic clinic of Seoul National University Hospital for this study. None of them had evidence of renal and heart complications. For 24 weeks, they received individualized dietary counseling 3 times. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1) Dietary protein and calorie intake decreased significantly from 79.8$\pm$29.9g/d to 66.6$\pm$16.5g/d, from 1845.4$\pm$631.9kcal to 1515.7$\pm$392.7kcal after dietary counseling, respectively (p<0.05). 2)The glycosylate hemoglobin level showed significantly decreased after dietary counseling(p<0.05). However there were no change in lipid profiles and blood pressure after counseling. 3) There was a significant correlation between the duration of disease and the amount of microalbuminuria. Any other cardiovascular risk factors, such as duration of diabetes, total cholesterol level and systolic blood pressure were not correlated with microalbuminuria. These results shown that dietary counseling can be used as an effective therapy to control blood sugar levels for NIDDM patients who are poorly controlled with microalbuminuria.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권4호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2022

Background: The most consistently identified mortality determinants for the new coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection are aging, male sex, cardiovascular/respiratory diseases, and cancer. They were determined from heterogeneous cohorts that included patients with different disease severity and previous conditions. The main goal of this study was to determine if activities of daily living (ADL) dependence measured by Barthel's index could be a predictor for COVID-19 mortality. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed with a consecutive sample of 340 COVID-19 patients representing patients from all over the northern region of Portugal from October 2020 to March 2021. Mortality risk factors were determined after controlling for demographics, ADL dependence, admission time, comorbidities, clinical manifestations, and delay-time for diagnosis. Central tendency measures were used to analyze continuous variables and absolute numbers (proportions) for categorical variables. For univariable analysis, we used t test, chi-square test, or Fisher exact test as appropriate (α=0.05). Multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. IBM SPSS version 27 statistical software was used for data analysis. Results: The cohort included 340 patients (55.3% females) with a mean age of 80.6±11.0 years. The mortality rate was 19.7%. Univariate analysis revealed that aging, ADL dependence, pneumonia, and dementia were associated with mortality and that dyslipidemia and obesity were associated with survival. In multivariable analysis, dyslipidemia (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.71) was independently associated with survival. Age ≥86 years (pooled OR, 2.239; 95% CI, 1.100-4.559), pneumonia (pooled OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.362-6.606), and ADL dependence (pooled OR, 6.296; 95% CI, 1.795-22.088) were significantly related to mortality (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve, 82.1%; p<0.001). Conclusion: ADL dependence, aging, and pneumonia are three main predictors for COVID-19 mortality in an elderly population.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.630-638
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• 2017

본 연구는 2015년 7월부터 2016년 6월까지의 연구기간 동안 내원한 광주선한병원의 건강검진 수진자들의 인스턴트 커피믹스 섭취량을 조사하여 대사증후군 위험인자와의 연관성을 분석하고자 하였다. 그 결과 인스턴트 커피믹스 섭취와 대사증후군의 위험인자 중 특히 허리둘레와 혈중 중성지방 농도는 양의 상관성을 보였고, 인스턴트 커피믹스 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 공복혈당과 혈중 중성지방 농도가 증가하는 유의적인 상관성을 보였다. 또한, 다중회귀분석에서도 1 cup/d 이상 인스턴트 커피믹스를 섭취하는 대상자에서 보정 여부와 상관없이 대사증후군 위험인자인 혈중 중성지방 농도가 상승하는 유의적인 연관성을 나타냈다. 이와 같은 인스턴트 커피믹스와 관련한 연구 조사와 선행 연구 결과를 통하여 볼 때 건강인은 물론 지방 섭취에 주의해야 할 대상자는 섭취 커피 종류에 따른 섭취 빈도와 섭취량 조절 교육이 중요하다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권6호
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• pp.726-734
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• 2023

Objective : Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) patients using antithrombotic agents (AT) at high risk for cardiovascular disease are increasing. The authors aimed to analyze the factors influencing outcome by targeting patients using AT and to establish a desirable treatment strategy. Methods : A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 462 patients who underwent burr hole trephination (BHT) surgery for CSDH at five hospitals from March 2010 to June 2021. Outcomes included incidence of postoperative acute bleeding, recurrence rate, and morbidity or mortality rate. Patients were divided into the following four groups based on their history of AT use : no AT. Only antiplatelet agents (AP), only anticoagulants (AC), both of AP and AC. In addition, a concurrent literature review was conducted alongside our cohort study. Results : Of 462 patients, 119 (119/462, 25.76%) were using AT. AP prescription did not significantly delay surgery (p=0.318), but AC prescription led to a significant increase in the time interval from admission to operation (p=0.048). After BHT, AP or AC intake significantly increased the period required for an in-dwelling drain (p=0.026 and p=0.037). The use of AC was significantly related to acute bleeding (p=0.044), while the use of AP was not (p=0.808). Use of AP or AC had no significant effect on CSDH recurrence (p=0.517 and p=1.000) or reoperation (p=0.924 and p=1.000). Morbidity was not statistically correlated with use of either AP or AC (p=0.795 and p=0.557, respectively), and there was no significant correlation with mortality for use of these medications (p=0.470 and p=1.000). Conclusion : Elderly CSDH patients may benefit from maintenance of AT therapy during BHT due to reduced thromboembolic risk. However, the use of AC necessitates individualized due to potential postoperative bleeding. Careful post-operative monitoring could mitigate prognosis and recurrence impacts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2008

배경: 여러 단계의 수술이 필요한 기능성 단심실 환자들에서 방실 판막의 해부학저이고 기능적인 기형이 흔하고, 방실 판막 폐쇄부전과 관련된 위험성은 잘 알려져 있다. 본 저자들은 폰탄 수술까지의 과정에서 방실 판막 폐쇄부전에 대해 적극적으로 수술적 교정을 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 기능성 단심실을 가진 209명의 환자에서 폰탄 수술이 시행되었다. 이중 폰탄 수술 후 심장 초음파 검사의 추적 관찰 기간이 6개월 이상 되는 168명의 환자들에 대해서 방실 판막 폐쇄부전의 발생, 방실 판막 성형술의 효과와 폰탄 술 후 방실 판막 폐쇄부전의 진행을 후향적으로 평가하였다. 폰탄 수술 시기까지 25명의 환자에서 30예의 방실 판막 술식이 시행되었으며, 양방향성 체정맥-폐동맥 단락술시 9예에서, 양방향성 체정맥-폐동맥 단락술과 폰탄 수술 사이에 4예에서, 폰탄 수술시 17예에서 시행되었다. 이중 5명의 환자는 방실 판막 술식을 두 번 시행 받았다. 결과: 폰탄 수술 후 중앙값 52개월(범위: 6개월${\sim}$123개월)의 추적 관찰 기간 동안 7명(4.2%)의 환자들이 만기 사망하였다. 마지막 추적 관찰 시 3도 이상의 방실 판막 폐쇄부전이 6예, 의미 있는 방실 판막 협착이 1예에서 있어, 7명(4%)이 좋지 않은 판막 기능의 결과를 보였다 이중 4예는 폰탄 수술 후 방실 판막 성형술이 시행되었으며, 1예는 방실 판막 치환술이 추가로 필요하였다. 폰탄 수술 후 마지막 추적 관찰 시 30명(18%)에서 2도 이상의 방실 판막 폐쇄부전이 관찰되었으며, 이중 이전에 방실 판막 성형술을 시행 받은 환자들이 12예였다. 폰탄 수술 후 방실 판막 폐쇄부전의 진행에 유의한 위험인자는 초기 방실 판막 폐쇄부전의 정도, 이전에 방실 판막 수술의 시행 여부와 공통 방실 판막이나 승모판막 폐쇄증의 방실 판만 구조였다. 결론: 단심실 환자들에서 방실 판막 페쇄부전에 대한 적극적인 치료로 폰탄 수술 후 의미 있는 방실 판막 폐쇄부전은 낮은 빈도를 보였다. 그러나, 폰탄 수술후 방실 판막 폐쇄부전의 진행을 평가하기 위해서 방실 판막의 구조나 초기의 방실 판막 기능이 좋지 않은 환자들에서는 특히 면밀한 추적 관찰이 필요하다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2016

본 연구는 대사증후군의 위험요인과의 관계를 분석함을 통해 대사증후군 및 심혈관 질환의 효과적인 예방 관리 체계 수립을 위한 근거자료를 제시하고, 대사증후군 환자 교육과 직장인의 만성질환에 관한 중요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 우리나라 직장인의 건강검진 결과를 통하여 건강관련 행위, 흡연 음주 등과 운동이 대사증후군에 미치는 영향력을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구의 조사대상은 서울에 기반한 전문 건강검진센터에서 직장의료보험으로 검진을 받은 직장인 291명으로 하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 직장인 건강검진 내용을 바탕으로 하였다.연구방법으로는 SPSS/Win Program ver 20.0을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 독립변수와 종속변수와의 관계를 분석하기 위하여 F-test 검증 및 ANOVA test를 실시하였으며, 연관성의 검증을 위해서는 $x^2$(Chi-square) 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 직장인 291명 중 대사증후군 유병률이 19.2%로 나타났고, 흡연행태로 인한 대사증후군 유병률의 비흡연 그룹은 12.7%, 과거 흡연 그룹 중에서 가볍게 흡연했던 그룹은 25.0% 중흡연 그룹은 25.9%, 현재 흡연 그룹 중에서 경흡연 그룹은 29.7% 중흡연 그룹 26.7%로 분석되었다. 결과적으로, 본 연구는 직장인의 흡연과 음주 생활형태가 직장인의 대사증후군 유병률과 밀접한 융합적 관련성이 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.722-730
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• 2020

대기오염은 더 이상 무시할 수 없는 심각한 건강 위험요소 중 하나로 여겨지고 있다. 미세먼지는 각종 생화학적 오염물질, 유기 화합물, 무기 화합물 및 중금속 등의 유해성분을 포함한 대기오염의 주요 구성 미립자 성분이다. 최근 여러 연구에서 미세먼지가 암, 심혈관질환, 호흡기질환 및 피부질환 등을 이환율과 관련이 있다고 밝혀져 있다. 그러나 눈이 대기 오염에 직접 노출되는 기관 중 하나임에도 불구하고, 미세먼지에 의한 눈의 영향 평가는 소수에 그치고 있다. 본 총설에서는 역학 및 임상 결과, 생체 내 및 생체 외 실험 결과를 바탕으로, 미세먼지 노출과 안구표면질환, 망막질환 및 녹내장 등의 안구질환의 발달 사이의 연관성을 제시하였다. 또한 미세먼지 노출이 산화적 스트레스, 염증반응, 자가포식 등을 통해 안구 표면질환을 야기할 수 있다는 사실을 제시하였다. 그러나 현재까지 미세먼지에 대한 대부분의 안구 영향 평가가 안구 표면질환에 국한되어 이루어지고 있으며, 후안부의 병리학적 발생 기전은 아직 밝혀져 있지 않다. 따라서, 미세먼지 노출에 대한 안구 영향 평가는 안구 표면을 포함하여 후안부에 대한 지속적인 역학, 임상 및 기초 연구가 수반되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1732-1741
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• 2006

Obesity is chronic disease which influenced on health severly. The causes of obesity have been known as life change, lack of excercise, genetic factor, mental and social economic factors. Especially the obesity of women increased the risk of the diseases such as DM, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and infertility. The limitations of the widely used negative definition of health as the absence of disease and WHO's 1946 definition of health as total social, psychological and physical well-being have long been recognized (WHO 1958). The Quality of Life (QoL) includes functional ability, the degree and quality of social and community interaction, psychological well-being as somatic sensation and life satisfaction. I investigated to compare the differences between obese women (n=63), non-obese women (n=37) in clinic and general women (n=43, control) on baseline characteristics and WHO QoL-BREF. The purpose of this study is to assist the diagnosis and treatment of obesity. WHO QoL-BREF is self administered type which consisted of 26 questions. The prospective question is calculated with 5 scores by Likert's method. The results are as follows : The means of physical, psychological, social, overall and total scores of QoL were significant among BMI group (P<0.05). The score of control group (BMI < 25) was higher than other groups significantly (P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, the variable of high school/below middle school was significant in environmental and overall domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of college/below middle school was significant in environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of above university/below middle school was significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score in QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (moderate/bad) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (good/bed) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, social, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable as BMI non-=obese women/control was negatively significant in social domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). Above the results, It suggests that the variable as BMI did't affect on the QoL in patients and control, but the variables as education and health perception affected on the QoL scores. Further study is required to conduct QoL differences between before and after treatment of obese patients.