• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7541-7546
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• 2015

Aim: To report the histologic findings on Whipple resection specimens and thus determine the extent and spread of carcinomas of ampullary region and head of pancreas in our population. Setting: Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A case series of 311 consecutive Whipple resection specimens received between January 1,2003 and December 31, 2014. Specimens processed for histologic sections and representative sections submitted and histologically examined as per established and standard protocols. All relevant tumor parameters including histologic type, histologic grade, pathologic T and N stage and tumor size were assessed. Epidemiologic data were also recorded. All findings were analysed using SPSS 19.0 software. Results: Ampullary (periampullary) carcinomas were much more common than carcinomas of the head of the pancreas, especially in males, with an average age of 53 years. Mean tumor size was 2.5 cms, over 54% were well differentiated. A large majority were pT2 or pT3 and N0. Carcinomas of pancreatic head were also more common in males, mean age was 55 years, mean tumor size was 3.5cms, and over 65% were moderately differentiated. The majority were T2 or T3 and pN1. Prognostically, significant statistical correlation was seen with tumor grade and pathologic T and N stage (p values statistically significant). However, tumor size was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Ampullary carcinomas are more common compared to pancreatic carcinomas. Majority of ampullary carcinomas were well differentiated while majority of pancreatic carcinomas were moderately differentiated. Large majority of both types of cases were pT2 or T3. Histologic tumor grade and pathologic T and N stage are significantly related to prognosis in Pakistani patients with ampullary and pancreatic cancers.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.294-298
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• 2018

This report presents a rare case of feline exocrine pancreatic ductal carcinoma including treatment and prognosis. A 4.6-year-old castrated male American Shorthair cat, weighing 5 kg was presented with intermittent vomiting, diarrhea and loss of appetite. Through physical examination and radiography, a cranial abdominal mass was identified. Exploratory laparotomy was carried out. The largest mass was connected to the left lobe of the pancreas, and there were several small, nodular masses scattered along the abdominal lining. The pancreatic mass was removed using an ultrasonic scalpel, and the patient recovered favorably. Histopathologically, the resected lesion was diagnosed as an exocrine pancreatic ductal papillary carcinoma. The patient was maintained with conservative therapy and euthanized on post-operative day 262. Partial pancreatectomy using an ultrasonic scalpel was accomplished safely without evidence of pancreatic leakage.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-29
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• 2015

A 73-year-old male visited our hospital with a complaint of general weakness. He underwent pyloric preserving pancreas-toduodenectomy due to ampullary cancer three years ago. Abdominal computed tomography scan at initial visit revealed multiple hepatic masses. A PET-CT scan showed multiple FDG uptakes at whole liver. He underwent hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for five cycles. During the first cycle of HAIC, he developed gastric ulcer bleeding and endoscopic hemostasis was done successfully. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy after the 5^th cycle of HAIC revealed ulcer scar at gastric angle. PET-CT scan at 12 months showed no FDG uptake at liver, but a focal FDG uptakes at stomach and peri-gastric lymph nodes were newly developed. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed about 3 cm sized mass at gastric angle. He underwent surgery and pathologic examination revealed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. We report a case of gastric large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with liver metastasis treated with HAIC followed by surgery.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.47-54
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• 1978

Recently, a major resection of the pancreas has been carried out not only to treat carcinoma of pancreas but also chronic pancreatitis. But limited and often contradictory reports have been made on the exocrine effects after partial surgical pancreatectomy in mammals. It was suggested that the growth of the residual tissue in pancreatectomized rat is very active, because pancreas has the great power of regeneration after partial pancreatectomy, while others observed that rat pancreas after partial surgical resection revealed a perplexing mixture of atrophy and regeneration of acinar tissue. On the other hand, another results showed that the amount of insulin required to control diabetes after partial resection of pancreas is much greater than that needed after total pancreatectomy. Because the anti-insulin system, such as glucagon secretion and hypophyseoadrenal function, is probably depressed after total pancreatectomy. Furthermore, minimal resection line which will not influence the normal function of pancreas is not agreeable, such 75%, 80% or 95% resection of the total pancreas in rat. So far, studies on the exocrine function other than endocrine function after partial pancreatectomy have been limited. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to examine the changes of exocrine as well as endocrine function of pancreas at the different time interval after 60% or 80% pancreatectomy in rats. The results summerized as follow: 1) In both 60% and 80% resected groups, a slight decrease of the total body weight was observed at a day after partial pancreatectomy in rats, but the body weight was continued to increase for following 100 days. 2) The weight of residual pancreas was continuously increased during experiment in both 60% and 80% resected groups. But the content of tissue protein in residual pancreas was significantly decreased comparing with those of resected pancreas. 3) The flow rate of pancreatico-biliary juice was significantly decreased immediately after pancreatectomy in both resected groups. But it was recovered to control level after a day in 60% resected group, after 30 days in 80% resected group. 4) The output of amylase and lipase in resected groups were significantly decreased right after pancreatectomy comparing with control group. In the 60% resected group, the output of amylase was recovered during the following 100 days after pancreatectomy, while lipase output in 3 days. However, in the 80% resected group, the output of amylase and lipase were not recovered during 100 days after pancreatectomy. 5) In order to examine the endocrine function, blood sugar level were examined at all experimental periods after partial pancreatectomy. There was no difference between control and 60% resected group in the sugar level. But in the 80% resected group the level was significantly incresed immediately after pancreatectomy, and reached the highest level at 3 days. Then it was decreased to control level during the next 10 days after pancreatectomy. The above results showed that in 60% resected group little changes were observed on pancreatic function, but severe functional impairments were observed in 80% resected group. This results suggested that the endocrine function was recovered within a short period, although the exocrine function was not recovered for a long time after 80% pancreatectomy in rats.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2019

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare epithelial neuroendocrine malignancy and is preferentially located in gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Cases of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma have been reported in many other locations, including the thymus, gallbladder, prostate, larynx, salivary glands, nasopharynx, tonsil and mastoid. However, primary sinonasal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma never have been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from left maxillary sinus recently. A 82-year-old male patient presented with nasal obstruction and epistaxis. The biopsy revealed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with poor differentiation. After a general evaluation, the patient was staged as cT3N0M0. The patient was treated by combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We report this rare case with literature review.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.331-335
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• 1993

From January 1981 to December 1991, forty patients with localized advanced carcinoma of the pancreas were treated at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital. The treatment protocol consisted of two split course external radiation therapy with each 2000 cGy over two weeks separated by two week rest period. Intravenous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was administered on the first three days of each radiotherapy course. Twenty three of these patients were treated by maintenance 5-FU or FAM (5-FU, adriamycin, mitomycin) chemotherapy. Median survival was 9 months and the 2-year survival rate was $10.0\%.$ Good prognostic indicators were good performance status, palliative bypass surgery and tumor located in the head of pancreas.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 2006

An adenomyoma of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare, benign, tumor-like condition histologically characterized by glandular structures embedded within a smooth muscle stroma. An adenomyoma has been considered to be as an abortive variant of an ectopic pancreas. An ectopic pancreas is defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue that lacks anatomic and vascular continuity with the main body of the pancreas. Common sites of an ectopic pancreas are the stomach, duodenum, and upper jejunum. An adenomyoma may rarely undergo a malignant transformation or cystic dystrophy. Recently, the authors an experienced a case of an incidental adenomyoma of the stomach associated with early gastric carcinoma. We report that case here.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2013

There have been very few reports related to pancreatic cancer developing in the remnant pancreas after a resection for pancreatic cancer. We report two cases of repeated pancreatectomy for second primary pancreatic cancer. A 58-year-old man with a 2.3 cm sized low attenuated pancreatic tail mass on abdomen CT scan, received a distal pancreatectomy (adenosquamous carcinoma, stage IIB) and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. A follow-up abdomen CT scan revealed a 2.0 cm sized pancreatic head mass in the remnant pancreas at 35 months after the distal pancreatectomy. He received a pancreaticoduodenectomy and diagnosed as ductal adenocarcinoma (stage IIA). Another 62-year-old female was declared pancreatic head mass on a regular health examination. An abdomen CT scan revealed a 3.6 cm sized mixed solid and cystic mass. She received a pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (ductal adenocarcinoma, stage IB) and adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. At 20 months after the resection, a 1.8 cm sized ill-defined low attenuated mass developing in the tail of remnant pancreas was detected on a follow-up abdomen CT scan. The patient received a distal pancreatectomy and diagnosed as ductal adenocarcinoma (stage IIA).

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2003

Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas is characterized by intraductal papillary proliferation of mucin-producing epithelial cells with or without excessive mucin secretion. According to the degree of epithelial dysplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous tumor is classified into adenoma, borderline tumor, and carcinoma. We recently experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of the intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma in a 69-year-old male. The fine needle aspiration cytology yielded flat sheets of columnar, mucin containing epithelial cells in the background of dense mucin containing degenerated cellular material and histiocytes.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.145-147
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• 1994

Colloid uptake in various hepatic conditions such as focal nodular hyperplasia, regenerating nodules in the cirrhotic liver, hamartoma, hemangioma and rarely hepatoma has been documented. Extrahepatic tumors may show colloid uptake and they include splenic hemangioma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, breast carcinoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. The mechanism of colloid uptake in those lesions is associated with phagocytic activity in or around the tumors. We report a pancreas islet cell tumor that showed colloid uptake on $^{99m}Tc$-phytate liver scan without histologic evidence of phagocytosis by tumor cells or infiltration of phagocytes in the tumor Microscopically the tumor was highly vascular and showed diffuse hemorrhage throughtout the tumor. We postulated that extravasation of the colloid into the tumor insterstitium caused nonspecific colloid uptake in this tumor. It is expected that hemorrhagic tumor may show nonspecific colloid uptake without phagocytosis in or about the lesion.