• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2021

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the salivary glands. Its three malignant variants include carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, carcinosarcoma, and metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma. Among the subtypes of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma has rarely been reported. Additionally, metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is rare. We report the imaging findings of a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space in a 42-year-old man.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2022

Among a variety of malignant types for parotid gland tumors, intracapsular carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma which is classified as a non-invasive tumor has been reported rarely. We report a case of a 69-years old patient, who presented with a left parotid mass that was detected 30 years ago. Fine needle aspiration biopsy result of the mass was "suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma". Superficial partial parotidectomy was performed for the mass and the permanent pathologic finding was "intracapsular carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma" which was a salivary ductal carcinoma with well-preserved myoepithelial cells surrounding the malignant epithelial cell clusters. Surgical resection is the main treatment modality for the treatment of intracapsular carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Herein, we present the case with a review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2024

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is an uncommon malignant salivary gland tumor that arises from a long-standing pleomorphic adenoma. The carcinomatous component of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma can possess virtually any histologic subtype of salivary gland cancer. We experienced a case of a 61-year-old patient who presented with a right parotid mass that was initially palpated 20 years ago, with a sudden increase in size in the last few months. Radiological and cytological findings from fine needle aspiration biopsy could not exclude malignancy. Total parotidectomy and selective neck dissection were performed for treatment, and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with mixed carcinoma components of salivary duct carcinoma and myoepithelial carcinoma was diagnosed. After receiving postoperative radiation of 6000 cGy over 6 weeks, there has been no recurrence up to the 18-month follow-up. We report this rare case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with mixed malignancy subtypes, accompanied by a review of literature.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.53-56
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• 2010

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is transformed at the incidence of 1-20% in pleomorphic adenoma and frequently recurred. It accounts for 10% of all malignant salivary tumors and its average age of occurrence is 60s. It will present in a large, long-standing pleomorphic adenoma or in one that was previously treated but has recurred. According to cell composition in malignant cell carcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma. Most (75%) occur in parotid gland, while about 20% occur in the minor gland of the oral mucosa. The metastasis rate to regional lymph node is about 25%, and to distant organs about 33% and the 5-year survival rates are 40%. Though the treatment of the carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is not established, it is treated ideally with and extensive resection, neck dissection, postoperative radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. When occurred in parotid gland, facial paralysis is reported. With a review of literatures, we report a case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma which operated with total parotidectomy and supraomohyoid neck dissection.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.348-352
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• 2020

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most prevalent benign tumor of the parotid gland, and shows potential malignancy. Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) can occur in 3%-15% of pleomorphic adenoma cases. Owing to its clinical similarity to benign tumors, critical information related to CXPA can be easily overlooked, leading to frequent misdiagnosis of the condition. In this article, we report a rare case of CXPA found in the 55-year-old male patient with characteristic clinical, radiographic, and histological features, and subsequent treatment.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.216-220
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• 2010

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is rare, aggressive, poorly understood malignancy that occurs in the salivary glands. The patient was 70-year-old male presenting ovoid elevated submandibular mass that has been present for 30 years and rapid growing for 6 months. The initial cytologic finding by fine needle aspiration biopsy showed highly malignant cells and the radiologic finding revealed a $3.6{\times}3.7{\times}4.8cm$ sized mass with cervical lymphadenopathy. After wide excision of submandibular gland and modified radical neck dissection, the histologic examination revealed that tumor was composed partly of a benign pleomorphic adenoma and partly of an adenocarcinoma component with areas of calcification and frequent angiolymphatic invasion. We present a rare case of adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with tumor thrombus in the submandibular gland.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2001

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma(CXPA) is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary gland, fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) of which are rarely reported. We retrospectively reviewed FNAC of five cases of histologically proven CXPA of the salivary glands diagnosed in Seoul National University Hospital to evaluate their cytologic characteristics. Histologically, the carcinoma components were low-grade in three cases and high-grade in two cases. The cytologic diagnosis were malignancy in two cases(40%), suspicious for malignancy in one(20%), and benign(pleomorphic adenoma) in two(40%). All of the high-grade carcinomas were correctly diagnosed by FNAC, however, 2 cases of low-grade carcinomas were diagnosed as benign by FNAC. The low sensitivity in cytologic diagnosis is due to interpretative difficulties in low-grade tumors. The characteristic cytologic features of CXPA were high cellularity, necrotic, bloody, and inflammatory background, marked nuclear overlapping, coarsely granular chromatin, prominent macronucleoli, and atypical mitosis in epithelial component in addition to the typical biphasic pattern of pleomorphic adenoma consisting of epithelial cells admired with spindle-shaped cells and chondromyxoid stroma. Even though low-grade tumors show mild pleomorphism, the cytologic findings of necrotic background, moderate to high cellularity, and nuclear overlapping could lead to an accurate cytodiagnosis of CXPA.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.217-220
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• 2010

Pleomorphic adenoma is also called a mixed tumor and it most commonly occurs in the salivary gland. This neoplasm has a low grade malignant potential, but it may also show aggressive clinical behavior like recurrence or metastasis. We report here on a case of a tumor that was confirmed to be primary pulmonary carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma by the pathologic examination after complete resection, and it had the characteristics of malignant neoplasms, such as multiple metastases.

• 대한세포병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.06a
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• pp.38-38
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• 1993

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.170-174
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• 2003

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor in the parotid gland and a parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve is a widely accepted treatment. We experienced a case of huge pleomorphic adenoma arising in the parotid gland with suspicious skin invasion. This present case was 67-year-old male presenting huge parotid mass $(12{\times}7cm)$ that has been present for 30 years and this tumor showed rapid-growing nature recently. The overlying skin surface was ulcerated with serous discharge and tightly adherent to the mass. The risk of malignant transformation of a pleomorphic adenoma increases with the duration of disease. The preoperative tentative diagnosis was carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland. The initial pathologic diagnosis of fine needle aspiration biopsy was unsatisfactory smear. After parotidectomy, the histologic examination revealed that the parotid tumor was benign pleomorphic adenoma. We present a case of huge pleomorphic adenoma with skin invasion in the parotid gland with review of literatures.