• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.217-223
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• 1994

Carbon dioxide emission has been increased by 7% in an annual average toward 212.5 million tons in 1990 from 108.7 million tons in 1980. Among emissions in 1990, industry, residential / commercial, transportation, other and non-energy have occupied 91.12, 68.04, 42.13, 7.13 and 4.09 million tons respectively. The Korea-scenarios corresponding to those of IPCC that is Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (A : modest control of $CO_2$; B : stringent control of $CO_2$, C: shifting fuel to renewable and nuclear energy in the second half of the next century ; and D: shifting fuel to renewable and nuclear energy in the first half of the next century show that the global-scale contributions of atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration are 0.77, 0.64 and 0.78% in 2050 for cases A,B, and C respectively. In all cases, the contributions were smaller than 0.09 % in 1985.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

Many countries have made their best to protect the earth from global warming and to find solutions for the reduction of carbon dioxide emittion and energy consumption. Especially, buildings have emitted over 40% of carbon dioxide against whole quantities emitted to the earth. Therefore, the reduction of carbon dioxide emitted from buildings require to save the earth environment. Energy consumption of buildings in Korea has reached 24% of total energy quantities, and energy consumption of collective housing has been continuously increasing. So, Korea government has also executed the Green Building Certification Criteria(GBCC). The GBCC evaluates the 8 types of buildings - collective housing, office, school, etc - to certificate the green building. In this paper, the evaluation items of collective housing in GBCC were reviewed to be used as the reference data for future revisions by the case studies. According to the results of this study, current version of GBCC requires additional revisions about the evaluations of energy consumption monitoring, commissioning and existing building.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.13-13
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• 2011

Graphene based nano-electronic and nano-electromechanical devices will be introduced in this presentation. The first part of the presentation will be covered by our recent results on the fabrication and physical properties of artificially twisted bilayer graphene. Thanks to the recently developed contact transfer printing method, a single layer graphene sheet is stacked on various substrates/nano-structures in a controlled manner for fabricating e.g. a suspended graphene device, and single-bilayer hybrid junction. The Raman and electrical transport results of the artificially twisted bilayer indicates the decoupling of the two graphene sheets. The graphene based electromechanical devices will be presented in the second part of the presentation. Carbon nanotube based nanorelay and A new concept of non-volatile memory based on the carbon nanotube field effect transistor together with microelectromechanical switch will be briefly introduced at first. Recent progress on the graphene based nano structures of our group will be presented. The array of graphene resonators was fabricated and their mechanical resonance properties are discussed. A novel device structures using carbon nanotube field effect transistor combined with suspended graphene gate will be introduced in the end of this presentation.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2003

Microstructures and mechanical properties of variously heat treated 0.85% carbon steel(eutectoid steel) were evaluated by magnetic property measurements. Microstructural analysis (pearlite interstellar spacing), measurement of mechanical properties(Rockwell hardness, yield stress, fracture stress) and magnetic properties(coercivity, remanence, hysteresis loss, saturation magnetization) were performed to clarify mutual relationships among these parameters. Water quenched specimens with martensite structure showed much higher coercivity and remanence than air cooled or furnace cooled specimens with pearlite structure. The linear dependence of coercivity and remanence on pearlite interlamellar spacing as well as on Rockwell hardness, yield stress and fracture stress was observed in the pearlitic steel. Hysteresis loss and saturation magnetization showed no distinct trend with pearlite interlamellar spacing.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2003

The interface between low carbon steel and blended cement pastes containing slag was investigated using impedance spectroscopy. In addition, the pastes were characterized by several analytical methods (XRD, EDX, electrode potential, pH and ICP). The electrical behavior of the interface in the blended slag systems is correlated to its corresponding pore solution chemistry and the products present in the interface. Passivation occurred at the paste/steel interfaces, in cement pastes up to containing from 0 to 75% slag content. 100% slag paste induced corrosion of the low carbon steel, which could be explained by the influence of sulfur on the system.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.259-290
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• 2022

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), due to their excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties and their ability to prepare new membranes with attractive properties, have found applications in water and wastewater technology. CNT functionalization, which involves the introduction of different types of functional groups into pure CNTs, improves the capabilities of CNT membranes for water and wastewater treatment. It turns out that CNT-based membranes have many advantages, including enhanced water permeability, high selectivity and anti-fouling properties. However, their full-scale application is still limited by their high cost. With their tremendous separation efficiency, low biofouling potential and ultra-high water flux, CNT membranes have the potential to be a leading technology in water treatment in the future, especially in desalination.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구과학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.115-125
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• 2005

Carbon isotopic composition of a stream (Odaecheon Stream) monitored over 7 months from July 2004 to January 2005 in Gangweon Province ranges from -9.24 to -4.69‰. Strong negative correlation between ${\delta}^{13}C_{DIC}$ and water temperature suggests that temperature is a dominant factor controlling ${\delta}^{13}C_{DIC}$ in the Odaecheon Stream. The variation pattern of ${\delta}^{13}C_{DIC}$ was thought to be caused by fractionation of C isotope between stream water and atmosphere and more fractionation at reduced temperature. More fractionation of C isotope between stream water and atmosphere at reduced temperature resulted in increase of ${\delta}^{13}C_{DIC}$ of stream water in winter compared to summer. Photosynthesis and respiration of aqueous biota seem to affect little in ${\delta}^{13}C_{DIC}$ as indicated by little variation of dissolved oxygen and reverse variation pattern of Eh in the stream and scarce aqueous biota in stream water. pH seems to be controlled by $CO_2{2}$ exchange between stream water and atmosphere. During summer more $CO_2{2}$ exchange between stream water and atmosphere resulted in decrease in pH value.

• 청정기술
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

화력발전소의 연소가스에서 고순도의 $CO_2$를 분리, 회수하는 것을 목적으로, 에너지 비용이 적게 드는 것으로 알려진 PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption)공정을 이용하였다. 흡착제로서 활성탄 및 제올라이트를 사용하여 연소가스에서 $CO_2$를 회수할 수 있는 장치를 제작하고 이를 조업하는 조건을 확립하고자 하였다. $CO_2$ 회수용으로 적합하지 않다고 알려져 있는 활성탄을 이용하여도 세정단계의 변형을 통한 새로운 사이클을 이용하여 고순도의 $CO_2$를 생성물로 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 활성탄과 제올라이트 각 흡착제의 흡착특성을 이용하여 이들 두 흡착제의 장점을 최대로 이용할 수 있도록 흡착탑의 일부만을 제올라이트 13X를 채워 조업하는 2단 적층 흡착탑을 이용하여 회수율의 향상을 얻을 수 있었다. 흡착탑의 도입부 쪽에 활성탄을, 배출부 쪽에 제올라이트를 채움으로써 최대의 효과를 얻을 수 있었는데, $CO_2$ 농도 13%, 유량 10 SLPM, 흡착압력 2.2기압에서 제올라이트를 부피비로 25%만 사용하여도 40%의 회수율 향상을 얻을 수 있었으며 50%를 이용한 경우에는 회수율이 67%까지 증가하였는데 이는 제올라이트만을 이용한 경우의 회수율과 비슷한 결과였다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2017

The effect of heat treatment temperature (HTT) on the mechanical properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber had been investigated. The heat treatment on the carbon fiber was conducted under high vacuum atmosphere of $10^{-6}mmHg$, and the range of temperature of $1,000^{\circ}C$ to $2,000^{\circ}C$. As a results, The tensile strength of carbon fiber and carbon fiber composites showed increasing tendency with the rise of heat treatment temperature. And, the shape parameter of Weibull distribution for the strength of carbon single fiber showed an increasing trend until $1,800^{\circ}C$. But the shape parameter of Weibull distribution for the strength of carbon fiber composites showed no clear tendency with the rise of heat treatment temperature. The cause of reinforcement effect of the carbon fiber by the heat treatment was regarded as the carbonization of carbon single fiber.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2022

인도네시아 칼리만탄 남동측에 위치하는 아셈-아셈분지(Asem-Asem Basin)에서 길이 540.3 m의 AA-1 시추코어를 획득하였고, 이 시추코어에 포함된 석탄층과 석탄질 셰일에서 6개의 석탄층 가스 시료를 채취하였다. 아셈-아셈분지에서 채취된 석탄층 가스의 성분, 탄소동위원소(δ¹³C_CH4, δ¹³C_C2, δ¹³C_CO2), 수소동위원소((δD_CH4), 탄화수소지표(C_HC), 이산화탄소-메탄지표(CDMI)의 분석을 통하여 이들의 기원과 메탄생성경로를 해석하였다. AA-1 시추코어는 최하부에 메라투스섭입복합체(Meratus subduction complex)의 일부로 해석되는 사문암 기반암 상부에 석탄층과 석탄질 셰일을 포함하는 쇄설성 퇴적암(SU-1)과 석회암(SU-2)이 순차적으로 놓인다. 석탄층과 석탄질 셰일(SU-1)은 소규모 하천 주변의 습지에서 형성된 것으로 해석된다. SU-1에서 채취된 석탄층 가스의 탄화수소가스를 100%로 환산한 메탄 함량은 87.35~95.29% 범위이고, 에탄 함량은 3.65~9.97% 범위이다. 석탄층 메탄의 탄소동위원소(δ¹³C_CH4) 값은 -60.3~-58.8‰ 범위이고 수소동위원소(δD_CH4) 값은 -252.9~-252.1‰ 범위이다. 석탄층 에탄의 탄소동위원소(δ¹³C_C2) 값은 -32.8~-31.2‰ 범위이고, 석탄층 이산화탄소의 탄소동위원소(δ¹³C_CO2) 값은 -8.6~-6.2‰ 범위이다. 석탄층 이산화탄소는 탄소동위원소값과 이산화탄소-메탄지표 도표에서 비생물기원(abiogenic origin)에 도시되었고, 기반암인 메라투스섭입복합체에 포함된 이산화탄소가 단층 통하여 이동된 것으로 해석된다. AA-1 시추코어 석탄층 가스의 메탄생성경로는 동위원소, 탄화수소지표, 이산화탄소-메탄지표 분석을 바탕으로 일차적인 미생물 메틸발효작용과 이산화탄소환원작용의 혼합으로 해석되며, 열기원 비해성 석탄형 가스의 영향을 받은 것으로 해석된다.