• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is not only fixation of carbon dioxide using the cement-saturated solution by wet carbonating reaction but also evaluate the possibility of storage technology of Carbon dioxide. wet carbonation is reaction of CO₂ injection by CO₂ reactor. As a result of experiment, the carbon dioxide is fixed, and high-purity Calcium Carbonate is eluted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.71-72
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is not only fixation of carbon dioxide using the cement-Paste solution's calcium ion by wet carbonating reaction but also quantitatively evaluate the possibility of storage technology of Carbon dioxide. wet carbonation is reaction of CO₂ injection by CO₂ reactor. As a result of experiment, the carbon dioxide is fixed, and high-purity Calcium Carbonate is eluted.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.821-824
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• 2009

LFG-MGT CHP system development project with $CO_2$ enrichment in greenhouses was introduced. LFG is produced from the anaerobic digestion of landfilled waste and it has been utilized for power/heat generation since it contains around 50% of $CH_4$. Utilization of LFG from small scale landfill is also needed as well as large scale landfill. However, due to economy of scale, it is very difficult to develop business model. In this context, combining CHP system with greenhouses is considered as feasible option for LFG utilization. LFG-MGT CHP system with $CO_2$ fixation in greenhouses has been derived as an active greenhouse gas reduction strategy, The focus of the system is beyond carbon neutral LFG utilization to neutral carbon absorption. The system is feasible in terms of direct and indirect $CO_2$ emission reduction with more economical way.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.644-648
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• 2000

Biological fixation of carbon dioxide using microalgae is known as an effective CO$_2$reduction technology. However, many environmental factors influence microalgal productivity. Optimal cultivation factors were determined for the green alga, Euglena gracilis Z, which offers high protein and vitamin E content for animal fodder. In batch culture in a photovioreactor, it was found that theinitial pH, temperature, CO$_2$concentration in air, and light intensity during the optimal cultivating conditions were 3.5, 27$^{\circ}C$, 5-10% and 520 ${\mu}$mol/㎡/s, respectively. When tap water and freshwater were used as cultivating media unsterilized tap water was found to be effective. A kinetic model was considered to determine the relationship between the specific growth rate and the light intensity. The half-velocity coefficient (K(sub)I) in the Monod model under photoautotrophic conditions was 978.9 ${\mu}$mol/㎡/s.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2014

Due to increasing greenhouse gas emissions, global warming and abnormal weather phenomena it has become important on a national level to keep a count of greenhouse gases being emitted. We want to take advantage of any selected area, as the basic data for the calculation of greenhouse gas emissions, Forest and Grassland, Paddy fields, and Fields(crops), Greenhouse(crops), Pig farm, Cattle farm, Farm household(populations, agricultural machinery) and Vehicle, the basic building blocks shots with a small amount of per-unit basis, the statistics calculated based on regional carbon emissions through the literature and experimental. Carbon absorption 772,960 ton C/year, amount of fixation 487,477 ton C/year, amount of emission 1,112,607 ton C/year were noted in Gimje-si, and amount of carbon absorption 55,559 ton C/year, amount of fixation 25,864 ton C/year, amount of emissions 58,355 ton C/year in Gongdeok-myeon, respectively. The carbon absorption at Hwangsan-ri is 25,107 ton C/year, fixation 4,301 ton C/year, and emission 20,330 ton C/year respectively. We were able to estimate the amount of carbon according to the specific characteristics of each unit village, then expanding it to a large-scale and comparative analysis, therefore we were able to obtain basic data on the national levels of carbon absorption.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.425-436
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• 2015

The carbon cycle came into the spotlight due to the climate change and forests are well-known for their capacity to store carbon amongst other terrestrial ecosystems. The annual organic carbon of litter production, forest floor litter layer, soil, aboveground and belowground part of plant, standing biomass, net primary production, uptake of organic carbon, soil respiration, etc. were measured in Mt. Worak in order to understand the production and carbon budget of Quercus serrata forest that are widely spread in the central and southern part of the Korean Peninsula. The total amount of organic carbon of Q. serrata forest during the study period (2010-2013) was 130.745 ton C ha^-1. The aboveground part of plant, belowground part of plant, forest floor litter layer, and organic carbon in soil was 50.041, 12.510, 4.075, and 64.119 ton C ha^-1, respectively. The total average of carbon fixation in plants from photosynthesis was 4.935 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1 and organic carbon released from soil respiration to microbial respiration was 3.972 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1. As a result, the net ecosystem production of Q. serrata forest estimated from carbon fixation and soil respiration was 0.963 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1. Therefore, it seems that Q. serrata forest can act as a sink that absorbs carbon from the atmosphere. The carbon uptake of Q. serrata forest was highest in stem of the plant and the research site had young forest which had many trees with small diameter at breast height (DBH). Consequentially, it seems that active matter production and vigorous carbon dioxide assimilation occurred in Q. serrata forest and these results have proven to be effective for Q. serrata forest to play a role as carbon storage and NEP.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2000

The biological carbon dioxide fixation using microalgae has been known as an effective carbon dioxide reduction technology. With many environmental factors influencing microalgal productivity, the desirable cultivation factors were investigated using a green alga, Euglena gracilis. It has the high protein and vitamin E to be used as fodder. In batch culture with a photobioreactor, initial pH, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity in the optimum cultivation condition were 3.5, $27^{\circ}C$,5-10% and $520{\mu}mol/m^2/s$, respectively. After that, the optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT for the continuous cultivation was 4 days at carbon dioxide concentration of 10%. In this condition, the final dry cell weight was 1.2g/l.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.677-682
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• 1996

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction to produce acetaldehyde, methanol and ethanol is investigated by using perovskite type electrode ($La_{0.9}$$Sr_{0.1}$$CuO_3$). The experiments were Performed under 100 mA/cm2 and -2 to -2.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The highest faradaic efficiencies for methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde were 11.6, 15.3, and 6.2%, respectively. The experimental data demonstrated that the capability of the perovskite type oxide for the electrode of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction to produce alcohols was superior to other metal electrode. Key words : Perovskite, Electrode, Alcohol Formation, Electrochemical Reduction, Carbon Dioxide Fixation.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.339-348
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• 2014

Agro-ecosystem plays an important role in the mitigation of atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration through photosynthesis and soil carbon fixation. The perennial crops have capacity of carbon accumulation because they have lived for years in the same position. Carbon dioxide fixation occurs in the fruit orchard by photosynthesis and soil carbon sequestration. The objectives of this review are to introduce the fruit orchard as a carbon dioxide sink and to summarize the methods that measure $CO_2$ flux in the orchard. There are three difference methods (chamber, biomass, and eddy covariance method) to measure $CO_2$ exchanges on sites. However, there is no standard method suitable for fruit cultivation condition in Korea. Thus the standard method have to be developed in order to exactly estimate the carbon accumulation. In foreign studies, the carbon assessments were conducted in apple, peach, olive, grape orchard and so on. On the other hand the estimation of $CO_2$ exchange was carried out for apple and mandarine orchard in Korea. According to these results, fruit orchard is a $CO_2$ sink even though amount of carbon accumulation is smaller than the forest. To introduce certainly fruit orchard as greenhouse gas sink, long-term monitoring and further study have to be conducted under each planting condition.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1211-1215
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• 2012

Terrestrial ecosystem are a strong sink of carbon. Forest ecosystem, one of them, has been expected to play an important role in climate changing process by absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide. On the other hand, agricultural ecosystem that consists mainly of annual crops is regarded as poor contributor to carbon accumulation, because its production (carbon hydrate) is decomposed into carbon at a short period, which is emitted to the atmosphere. However, it is thought that fruit tree plays a great role in decreasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, same as forest. Net ecosystem exchange of $CO_2$ (NEE) was measured to estimate carbon fixation capacity using an eddy covariance (EC) system method in 2 years from 2005 to 2006 at an apple orchard in Uiseong, Gyeongbuk. Average air temperature values were higher in 2006 than in 2005 during the dormant season, and lower by about $5^{\circ}C$ over the growing season causing visible cold injuries. Accordingly, we investigated long-term exchange of carbon to determine how much difference of carbon fixation capacity was shown between 2006 and 2005 in terms of environmental and plant variables such as NEE, leaf area index (LAI), and Albedo. NEE was $4.8Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$ in 2005 and $4.7Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$ in 2006, respectively. Low temperature after July in 2006 decreased LAI values faster than those in 2005. Meanwhile, Albedo values were higher after July in 2006 than in 2005. These results show that the low temperature after July in 2006 apparently affected apple growth.