• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.231-234
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• 2002

According to recent investigations regarding Fenton-like reaction, it was reported that there was a key factor to decompose organic materials by not only the hydoroxyl radical but also several reductants which were superoxide anion and hydroperoxide anion. This research was focused on an investigation of the decomposition of carbon tetrachloride(CT) by reductants which were generated by pyrolusite with hydrogen peroxide. Generally, CT decomposition rate increased with raising pH values. Especially,, CT was decomposed over 60 percent by 10,000 ppm of hydrogen peroxide within 10 minutes in neutral condition. In addition, the decomposition of chlorinated compounds would be accelerated in alkaline condition, even with low concentration of hydrogen peroxide.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 1990

An effect of carbon tetrachloride (CCl$_{4}$) was studied on the xanthine oxidase(XOD)activity of small intestine in male rats. Concomitantly a cause of increasing small intestine XOD was focused on an effect of actinomycin D and the kinetics of partial purified XOD frdm small intestine in CCl$_{4}$ intoxicated rats. An injection of CCl$_{4}$ to the rats showed an increase of small intestine XOD. In the pretreatment of actinomycin D before injection of CCl$_{4}$ to the rats, the XOD activities of small intestine were significantly decreased. In the partial purified enzyme preparation, the small intestine XOD in CCl$_{4}$ intoxicated rats showed the more increased Km and Vmax value with xanthine as substrate than that of control group.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.201-205
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• 2003

The dechlorination of chlorinated methanes by iron powder and palladium coated iron (Pd/Fe) was studied in batch experiments. Iron powder dechlorinated carbon tetrachloride (CT) with a half-life of 4 days. Three chloromethane was found as major product and less chlorinated daughters. Mass balance found was to be about 93-99%. Pd/Fe showed very enhanced reactivity for CT in comparing with plain iron. The major dechlorination products of CT were also less chlorinated methanes with Pd/Fe. Pd/Fe also degrade the produced less chlorinated compounds. Sequential reactions were occurred on Pd/Fe. As the Pd/Fe content increased, the reaction rate was increased linearly.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

The methanolic extract of natural roots of Mucuna pruriens was screened for hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects in carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) induced hepatotoxicity in Albino rats. The degree of protection was measured by estimating biochemical parameters like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, total protein and level of serum bilirubin (both total and direct). The extract also reduced $CCl_4$ induced lipid peroxidation both in-vitro and in-vivo. Hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract at dose 300 mg/kg body weight, i.p., was comparable with standard drug Silymarin (25 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, histopathological experiments were also carried out to support the study.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 1978

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the bioavailability of sulfadimethoxine in pathological rats and rabbits pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride. The results are as follows: The absorption of sulfadimethoxine was decreased in rats damaged liver and kidney as compared with that of normal rats. Especially, absorption of sulfadimethoxine in rats damaged liver was more decreased than that of rats damaged kidney. Blood level of sulfadimethoxine administered orally was mostly decreased significantly in rabbits damaged kidney and liver, and in rabbits severely damaged kidney the blood level of sulfadimethoxine was not significant at 4 to 6 hours. Urinary clearance of sulfadimethoxine in rabbits severely damaged kidney was inhibited at 5 to 6 hours. but in rabbit damaged liver. Hepatic clearance of sulfadimethoxine was accelerated in rabbits damaged kidney but in rabbits damaged liver. Protein binding percentage of sulfadimethoxine was not affected by the various concentration of carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride respectively.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 1979

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the bioavailability of oxytetracycline in pathological rats and rabbits pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride. The results are as follows: The blood level of oxytetracycline administered orally was mostly decreased significantly in rabbits damaged kidney and liver, and in rabbits severely damaged kidney, the blood level of oxytetracycline was not significant at 4 to 6 hours. Urinary clearance of oxytetracycline in rabbits severely damaged kidney was inhibited at 5 to 6 hours but in rabbits damaged liver. Hepatic clearance of oxytetracycline was accelerated in rabbits damaged kidney but in rabbits damaged liver. AUC of oxytetracycline orally administered in rabbits damaged liver and kidney was largely decreased. The absorption of oxytetracycline was decreased in rats damaged liver and kidney as compared with that of normal rats. Especially, absorption of oxytetracycline in rats damaged liver was more decreased than that of rats damaged kidney. The absorption of oxytetracycline was inhibited by combinated administration of carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.156-160
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• 1984

The pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen administered intravenously(20mg/kg) was investigated in the rabbits of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic failure. The blood level, the total AUC and the biological half life of acetaminophen were increased significantly in hepatic failure rabbits compared with those of normal rabbits. The urinary excretion and the overall elimination rate of acetaminophen were decreased significantly in hepatic failure rabbits. There was significant relationship between GOT value and AUC or biological half life of acetaminophen.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.21 no.1 s.52
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• pp.87-92
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• 2006

This study was done to investigate the protective effect of novel 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives on the hepatoprotective effect intoxicated rats induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$). A series of currently derivatives of 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine have been prepared through the alkly substitution or the ring expansion for the treatment of the Alzheimer's disease. The activities of aminotransferase (aspartate and alanine) and contents of alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and glutathione S-transferase in 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives pretreated rats were significantly decreased compared to the only carbon tetrachloride treated rats but the contents of cholesterol were increased compared to the only $CCl_4$ treated rats. The result indicated that 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives showed hepatoprotective effect in $CCl_4$ treated rats.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.226-232
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• 1978

It was to investigate the absorption, excretion, protein binding of ampicillin in the pathological animals pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride. The absorption of ampicillin was not affected in rats with damaged liver and kidney as compared with that of normal rats. The blood level of ampicillin after oral administration was increased significantly in rabbits with damaged kidney and liver. The blood level of ampicillin in rabbit with damaged kidney was more increased than that in rabbits with damaged liver. In severly damaged rabbits, it was more increased than that of mildly damaged rabbits. Urinary excretion of ampicillin in pathological animals was more inhibited than that of ampicillin in normals. Hepatic excretion of ampicillin was accelerated in rabbits with damaged kidney. However, in rabbits with damaged liver, it was inhibited as compared with that in normals. Protein binding of ampicillin was slightly enhanced by the various concentration of carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride, respectively. The results suggest that the increase of blood level of ampicillin in pathological animals was due to the inhibition of renal excretion.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 1989

These studies were attempted to investigate the therapeutic effect earthworm (Lamnodrilus gotai Hatai) extract (LS) on the liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in rats. Male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were treated with sub-chronic concentration of $CCl_4$, which was 0.2 ml/kg of $CCl_4$ via peroral administration twice a week. LS administration to rats (6 ml/kg,po) prevented the development of fatty liver, necrosis and fibrosis induced by $CCl_4$. Furthermore, as compared with rats suspended after treated with $CCl_4$ only, LS treatment significantly decreased the increment in serum enzyme activities, liver enlargement and improved growth rate. This protective effect was observed when LS was given monthly for 4 months after $CCl_4$ treated for 2 months. These results suggest that earthworm extract has appreciable therapeutic effect on $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity.