• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2005

Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is the greatest contributor among the major greenhouse gases covered by the Kyoto Protocol. Therefore, substantial efforts for the control and reduction of $CO_2$ emissions, including increased efficiency of fossil fuel energy usage, development of energy sources with lower carbon content, and increased reliability on alternative energy sources, are being performed worldwide. However, development and industrial application of $CO_2$ sequestration techniques are needed to meet the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol. Among the $CO_2$ sequestration methods developed, geological sequestration methods such as the storage in deep aquifers, deep coal seams and oil and gas reservoirs and the mineral carbonation is considered most favorable because of its stability and environmental effectiveness. In this review, geochemical concepts and technologic development of geologic sequestration technology, especially the storage in deep aquifers and the mineral carbonation, are discussed. The weakness and strengths for each of geologic sequestration methods, are also reviewed.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.270-278
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• 2006

The idea of carbon dioxide sequestration in the ocean is proposed to be an effective mitigation strategy to counteract potential global warming due to the greenhouse effect. Therefore, in the present study, calculations of the dissolution behavior of carbon dioxide when liquid carbon dioxide is released at 1,000m and 1,500 m in depth. by fixed pipeline are peformed. The results show the liquid $CO_2$ injected in the ocean becomes $CO_2$ bubble at between 350m and 500m in depth, and the injection from a moving ship is a more effective method of dissolution than through a fixed pipeline. It so also noted that the ultimate plume generated from $CO_2$ bubbles repeats expansion and shrinking due to the peeling from a fixed pipeline.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

Forest ecosystem is considered as an important stepping stone to minimize the impact of climate change. However, the rapid urbanization has caused fragmentation of forest ecosystem. The fragmentation of forest patch results in edge effect which brings about adverse impacts on forest function and structure. Degradation of forest ecosystem decreases carbon sequestration because edge effect reduces productivity. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of forest edge effect on forest ecosystem carbon stock change in Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do. We used connectivity analysis to determine forest edge and core area. The field study sites were selected with considering forest age, density, class and soil type. Secondly, forest carbon stock was calculated with allometric equation. The soil carbon stock was derived from Walkely-Black method. Lastly, Mann-Whitney test was conducted to validate differences between carbon stock in edge and core area. As a result of study, the connectivity analysis was effective to determine forest edge and core. The core and edge of forest patch showed different composition of tree species and soil properties. Carbon stock per tree in the edge area was lower than that in the core area. However, the difference of soil organic carbon content between the edge and core were relatively small. This assessment can be applied for the conservation of forest patch as well as quantitative assessment on the forest carbon stock change caused by fragmentation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Biochar-based fertilizers delay the nutrient release and feature a slow release effect for agricultural and environmental advantages. This experiment was conducted to evaluate agro-environmental effects of different application ratios of modified biochar pellets supplemented. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments consisted of the control, 40% N, 60% N and 60% N (0.07M MgO) of modified supplemented biochar pellets (MSBP), which were based on recommended ratio of nitrogen for rice cultivation. For the paddy water, the NH₄-N and NO₃-N concentrations in whole treatments rapidly increased at 84 days and 40 days after transplanting, respectively. The PO4-P concentrations in the MSBP were generally lower than those of the control. For the paddy soil, NH₄-N concentrations in the MSBP were higher than those of the control at 5 days after transplanting, while NO₃-N concentrations were not significantly different in the treatments through rice cultivation. P₂O₅ concentrations in the control were higher than those of the MSBP until 40 days after transplanting while K₂O concentrations were not significantly different among the treatment. The highest carbon sequestration was 970 kg ha^-1 in the 60% N (0.07M MgO), and the potential carbon storage in the 60% N (0.07M MgO) was higher at 222 kg ha^-1 than the control during rice cultivation. It shown that the rice yield in the control was not significantly different from the 40% N and 60% N (0.07M MgO) application plots. CONCLUSION: Application of MSBP for rice cultivation was effective for carbon sequestration and agro-environmental effects even though nitrogen application ratio was reduced at 40% based on recommended application ratio of fertilizer.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.196-201
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• 2009

Global warming issues due to the $CO_2$(Carbon Dioxide) become increasing since the Industrial Revolution. After the Kyoto protocol at 1997, nations which have the prearranged quota drives their national project for the reduction of $CO_2$. Korean Government start to the related big projects in the view of three concepts which have consist of the $CO_2$ exhaust reduction on land, $CO_2$ capture and $CO_2$ storage. Furthermore, the storage method putting into depleted region underground is accepted by the London Convention while the ocean diluted method discharging the liquid $CO_2$ into the deep ocean using the long pipe which is towed by the surface vessel is underway for the research steps which means that there are many potentials for the R&Ds that need for the breakthrough. In this paper, the role and example of the Computational Fluid Dynamics for the feasibility study of the $CO_2$ ocean sequestration is mentioned.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.535-550
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• 2003

Ever since the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) was agreed to stabilized greenhouse gas(GHG) concentration in the atmosphere at 1992, most countries including Korea have been developing strategic plans and implementing a number of R＆D programs to develop the measures to reduce the emission of GHG. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the plans and programs for our country to develop more competitive technologies and to be more active and attentive in international meetings. In this paper, the energy policies of advanced countries will be analysed and be compared each other along with the Korean policy. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide reduction and sequestration R＆D programs in the countries will also be studied.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.340-347
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• 2008

Dissolution process of serpentine in distilled water was systematically investigated for study on pre-treatment of serpentine which was a candidate material for carbon dioxide sequestration. The metallic ions(Ca, Si, Mg etc.) were dissolved in distilled water at ambient condition and their concentrations were changed with dissolution time. The precise evaluation of dissolution process for serpentine dissolved solvent was performed by ion conductivity and pH measurement. Serpentine dissolution in distilled water was evaluated as a stable pre-treatment process without changes of crystallographic structure and chemical structure changes.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.219-227
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• 2004

World have been encouraged to develop technologies that contribute to CO$_2$ emission reduction for many years. Those technologies can be categorized into capture, storage or sequestration, utilization, etc. There have been lots of efforts, in Korea, to develop the technology as well. In this paper, the impact factors of the technologies, especially in CDRS (Carbon Dioxide Reduction & Sequestration Center), were selected and were weighed by SMM (Storing Models Method) and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) in order to evaluate the four representative areas of the technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.107-108
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• 2023

In this study, in CO₂ sequestration was carried out through pressure carbonation for concrete slurry water to realize carbon neutrality in the cement industry. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that as the pressure of CO₂ increased, the pH decreased and the amount of CaCO₃ produced increased. However, despite the CO₂ pressure of 5 bars, the carbonation reaction for 10 minutes alone did not proceed completely.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Timber harvest in natural forests and its implications on carbon sequestration were investigated in the Southwestern Nigeria. Data on timber harvest from forest estates for a 3-year period were collected from the official record of States' Forestry Department. The data registered the species, volume and number of timbers exploited during the study period. The data were analyzed accordingly for rate of timber harvest and carbon value of the exploited timbers using existing biomass functions. Values were compared for significant differences among states using one way analysis of variance. The results showed that the most exploited logs, in terms of volume and number of trees, have the highest amount of carbon removal. There was a variation in type of timber species being exploited from each state. The total number of harvested trees from Oyo, Ondo, Ogun, Ekiti and Osun were estimated at 100,205; 111,789; 753; 15,884 and 18,153 respectively. Total quantity of carbon removed for the 3-year period stood at 2.3 million metric tons, and this translated to 8.4 million metric tons of $CO_2$. The annual carbon and $CO_2$ removal therefore were estimated at 760,120.73 tons and 2.8 million tons/ year respectively. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the amount of $CO_2$ removed from the five states. Based on our result, we inferred that there is increasing pressure on economic tree species and it is plausible that they are becoming scarce from the forests in Southwestern Nigeria.. If the present rate of log removal is not controlled, forests could become carbon source rather than carbon sink and the on biological conservation, wood availability and climate change may turn out grave. For the forest to perform its environmental role as carbon sink, urgent conservation measures and logging policies are needed to be put in place.