• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.184-184
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• 2000

In this study, the lap welding between austenitic stainless steel and carbon steel was carried out using arc spot welding process and weldability of welded specimens was estimated. From the tensile-shear strength test, micro Vickers hardness test, and microstructure observation, specimen of 6.5mm(hole of upper plate) showed the best results in terms of tensile-shear strength and nugget shape. And there was an unmixed zone in fusion boundary between the carbon steel base metal and bulk weld metal. This zone had very thin width with the hard microstructure. The shape of weld nugget in arc spot welding of dissimilar metal welds was predicted by searching thermal history of a weld joint through a three-dimensional finite element model. From the numerical analysis, predicted the shape of weld nugget showed good agreement with the experiment(Received August 24, 1999)

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2000

In this study, the lap welding between austenitic stainless steel and carbon steel was carried out using arc spot welding process and weldability of welded specimens was estimated. From the tensile-shear strength test, micro Vickers harness test, and microstructure observation, specimen of $psi6.5mm$(hole of upper plate) showed the best results in terms of tensile-shear strength and nugget shape. And there was an unmix zone in fusion boundary between the carbon steel base metal and bulk weld metal. This zone had very width with the hard microstructure. The shape of weld nugget in arc spot welding of dissimilar metal melds was predicted by searching thermal history of a weld joint through a three-dimensional finite element model. From the numerical analysis, predicted the shape of weld nugget showed good agreement with the experiment.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-9
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• 1957

On sparking carbon-arc in water we found that a inflammable gas was generated. The object of this experiment is to prepare sols of metals by applying the gas mentioned to a solution of metallic salts. As the result of this experiment we found that : 1) By this method we can prepare easily some kinds of Ag-sol from $AgNO_3$ solution in about 30 sec. by adjusting the temperature, the quantity of stabilizer and the concentration of metallic salt. 2) The appropriate concentration of $AgNO_3$ is about 0.01% by volume, that of the stabilizer, 0.9104 N-NaOH is 0.03-2 cc/100 cc of 0.01% $AgNO_3$ solution. And the lower the temperature, the more concentrated the Ag-sol. But to check the possibility of applying this method to metals other than Au and Ag, measurement of the particle size and properties of a sol prepared by this method, should be studied. Especially, we must study what kinds of gases are generated by sparking the carbon-arc in water.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 디스플레이 광소자분야
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• pp.185-188
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• 2004

A diode structure of field emission lamps based upon carbon-nanotube is studied. The single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) were produced by arc discharge method. We made the 1-inch diode type flat lamp using CNTs. We applied anode voltage gradually to refine the field emission behavior of emitter in dynamic vacuum system to study the emission current. the brightness and efficiency, etc. The field emission properties was estimated by varying gaps between the cathode and anode, contents of the glass frit. The good luminous efficiency is showed in the gap $900{\mu}m$, $1200{\mu}m$ and contents of the proper glass frit. For the upper conditions, the luminous efficiencies were respectively 23.30, 11.12 1m/W.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2007

The corrosion behavior of carbon steel (N80) in carbon dioxide saturated 1%NaCl solution with and without acetic acid or acetate was investigated by weight-loss test, electrochemical methods (polarization curve, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). The major objective is to make clear that the effect of acetic acid and acetate on the corrosion of carbon steel in $Co_2$ environments. The results indicate that either acetic acid or acetate accelerates cathodic reducing reaction, facilitates dissolution of corrosion products on carbon steel, and so promotes the corrosion rate of carbon steel in carbon dioxide saturated NaCl solution. All Nyquist Plots are consisting of a capacitive loop in high frequency region, an inductive loop in medial frequency region and a capacitive arc in low frequency region. The high frequency capacitive loop, medial frequency inductive loop and low frequency capacitive arc are corresponding to the electron transfer reaction, the formation/adsorption of intermediates and dissolution of corrosion products respectively. All arc of the measured impedance reduced with the increase of the concentration of Ac-, especially HAc. However, the same phenomenon is not notable after reducing pH value by adding HCl. HAc is a stronger proton donor and can be reduced directly by electrochemical reaction firstly. Ac- can't participate in electrochemistry reaction directly, but $Ac^-$ an hydrate easily to create HAc in carbon dioxide saturated environments. HAc is as catalyst in $Co_2$ corrosion. As a result, the corrosion rate was accelerated in the presence of acetate ion even pH value of solution increased.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2002

진공 여과 음극 아크(Filtered Vacuum cathodic Arc, FVA) 증착법을 이용하여 초경질 다이아몬드상 카본 박막(tetrahedral amorphous carbon, ta-C)을 합성하였다. FVA 증착법은 이온화율이 높고, 치밀한 다이아몬드상 카본 박막 증착에 적당한 이온 에너지를 갖는 등의 장점을 갖고 있다. 하지만, 이때의 카본 이온 에너지는 아크 소스의 조작만으로는 쉽게 조절되지 못한다는 단점을 갖고 있다. 다양한 물성 조절을 위해, 본 연구에서는 기판에 바이어스 전압을 인가하여 ta-C박막의 기계적 물성을 제어하였다. 기판의 바이어스 전압이 증가함에 따라, 기계적 물성 및 밀도는 바이어스 전압이 -100 V인 경우에 최대값을 보였다. 최대 경도값 및 밀도는 각각 55$\pm$3 GPa, 3.6$\pm$0.4 g/㎤로 이는 RF PACVD나 이온빔으로 증착되는 DLC의 3~5배에 이르는 값이다. 조성 및 구조 분석은 Raman spectroscopy와 NEXAFS spectroscopy를 이용하여 조사하였다. 각 바이어스 전압에 따른 박막의 물성 변화는 박막내의 $sp^2$와 $sp^3$ 혼성결합 분율의 변화의 관점으로 이해할 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.398-403
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• 2001

There is a potential usability of electric arc furnace(EAF) dust produced during the iron manufacturing process as a recycled resource, because valuable materials such as Zn, Pb and Fe are contained in it. In this study, metallic Zn was recycled from the fine electric arc furnace dust by a solid state reduction method using carbon at relatively low temperature. It was possible to recover metallic zinc by using of high vapour pressure of zinc with this reduction method. The feasibility of recycled zinc for cold bonded pellet(CBP) was investigated. The main composition of EAF dust were franklinite(ZnFe$_2$O$_4$), magnetite(Fe$_3$O$_4$) and zincite(ZnO), and Pb and Cl were completely removed by a heat treatment in oxidation environment. The reduction ratio increased as the solid carbon content increased, and it increased with decreasing of dust particle size and increasing of compaction pressure due to a increase of contact area.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2005

Recently, application of arc welding to galvanized carbon steel sheet is on the increasing Ould in the fields of automobile and construction industries. In arc welding process, zinc is evaporated in weld pool, even under the appropriate welding condition and produce blowhole and/or pit. Zinc gas cause instability of arc and increase spatter and fume. This research is purposed to minimize the heat-input and the formation of porosities in the welded joint of the galvanized carbon steel sheet using variable polarity AC wave pulse MIG welding system. An appropriate welding condition which showed low spatter and good bead appearance was acquired by applying the AC pulse MIG welding machine to DC duplicated MIG welding with the solid wire. When oxygen gas was added to shield gas of MIG welding for galvanized steel sheet, arc length was increased and arc stability was improved. In the AC duplicated welding, the loss of galvanized layer was decreased as the amount of heat-input was decreased when the EN ratio was increased under the condition that average welding current was evenly set.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 및 Fine pattern PCB 표면 처리 기술 워크샵
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• pp.75-76
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• 2011

Hot-rolled steel plates of SPHC and SS400 were oxidized at 600, 750 and $900^{\circ}C$ for 2hr in air. With an increase in oxidation temperature, their oxidation rates increased, being accompanied with formation of pores and cracks in the thickened oxide scales that were non-adherent. The SPHC steels that were manufactured by either the arc furnace or the blast furnace displayed similar oxidation rates, indicating that their oxidation rates were insensitive to the manufacturing processes. The medium-carbon SS400 steel displayed a little faster oxidation rates than the low-carbon SS400 steel, indicating that the carbon content did not significantly influence the oxidation rates.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2017

금속실리콘을 제조하는 방법에는 탄소환원법, 플라즈마환원법, 테르밋반응 등이 있다. 상업용 금속실리콘을 대량 생산하는 방법으로 탄소환원법에 의한 아크전기로가 일반적으로 많이 사용되고 있다. 아크전기로를 이용한 생산시스템이 극복해야 할 문제로는 제조원가 중 전력비 비율이 30%를 차지할 정도로 높은 전기에너지 비용과 환경방지 시설구축 및 유지관리비용이다. 이러한 이유로 국내에서는 아직 아크전기로를 이용한 생산시스템이 상용화 제조시스템으로 구축되지 못하고 있다. 기업 및 연구기관에서 탄소환원법의 아크전기로를 이용하여 최적 생산시스템을 연구하고 있다. 세 가지 유형의 이산화규소를 테르밋반응을 통하여 순도변화를 알 수 있었다. 그리고 실험분석에서 테르밋반응을 사용하여 이산화규소 순도로 금속실리콘 순도 변화를 분석하였다. 이산화규소 순도와 금속실리콘 순도는 밀접한 관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다.