• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.50-53
• /
• 2000

The effect of punching density on the mechanical and thermal properties of nonwoven needle-punched carbon/phenol composite was studied. The carbonized preforms were farmed into composites with phenol resin. The interlaminar shear, tensile and flexural strengths were increased with increasing punching density. However, excessive punching density decreased interlaminar shear and tensile strengths. Erosion rate of carbon/phenol composite was decreased with increasing punching density

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.239-245
• /
• 2016

In this study, carbon/phenol composites were prepared from carbon fiber preform and phenol resin by RTM(resin transfer molding) process. And changes in the properties of the composite according to the pre-treatment of phenol resin was mainly studied. RTM process conditions were deduced from viscosity and thermal analysis of phenol resin which were rheometer and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA). RTM process was performed under various injection and molding temperature. Characterization of the prepared C/P composites were evaluated by various analysis. Morphology of composites was analyzed by Micro-CT(MCT), Mechanical properties of composites were measured through the flexural properties. As results, volatile impurities of phenol resin were effectively removed at resin pre-treatment temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ and composite was sufficiently cured at molding temperature of $180^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 2008

Carbon/$TiO_2$ composite photocatalysts were thermally synthesized with different mixing ratios of anatase to phenol resin through an ethanol solvent dissolving method. The XRD patterns revealed that only anatase phase can be identified for Carbon/$TiO_2$ composites. The diffraction peaks of carbon were not observed, however, due to the low carbon content on the $TiO_2$ surfaces and the low crystallinity of amorphous carbon. The results of chemical elemental analyses of the Carbon/$TiO_2$ composites showed that most of the spectra for these samples gave stronger peaks for carbon and Ti metal than that of any other elements. The BET surface area increases to the maximum value of $488\;m^2/g$ with the area depending on the amount of phenol resin. From the SEM images, small $TiO_2$ particles were homogeneously distributed to a composite cluster with the porosity of phenol resin-based carbon. From the photocatalytic results, the MB degradation should be attributed to the three kinds of synergetic effects, such as photocatalysis, adsorptivity, and electron transfer by light absorption between supporter $TiO_2$ and carbon.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.181-189
• /
• 2015

A composite material was tested to eliminate phenol in aqueous solution combining adsorption on activated carbon and photocatalysis with $TiO_2$ in two different ways. A first implementation involved a sequential process with a loop reactor. The aim was to reuse this material as adsorbent several times with in situ photocatalytic regeneration. This process alternated a step of adsorption in the dark and a step of photocatalytic oxidation under UV irradiation with or without $H_2O_2$. Without $H_2O_2$, the composite material was poorly regenerated due to the accumulation of phenol and intermediates in the solution and on $TiO_2$ particles. In presence of $H_2O_2$, the regeneration of the composite material was clearly enhanced. After five consecutive adsorption runs, the amount of eliminated phenol was twice the maximum adsorption capacity. The phenol degradation could be described by a pseudo first-order kinetic model where constants were much higher with $H_2O_2$ (about tenfold) due to additional ${\bullet}OH$ radicals. The second implementation was in a continuous process as with a fixed bed reactor where adsorption and photocatalysis occurred simultaneously. The results were promising as a steady state was reached indicating stabilized behavior for both adsorption and photocatalysis.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.196-203
• /
• 2008

Metal-carbon/$TiO_2$ composite photocatalysts were thermally synthesized through the mixing of anatase to metal(Cu, Zn) containing phenol resin in an ethanol solvent coagulation method. The BET surface area increases, with the increase depending on the amount of metal salt used. From SEM images, metal components and carbon derived from phenol resin that contains metal was homogeneously distributed to composite particles with porosity. XRD patterns revealed that metal and titanium dioxide phase can be identified for metal-carbon/$TiO_2$ composites, however, the diffraction peaks of carbon were not observed due to the low carbon content on the $TiO_2$ surfaces and due to the low crystallinity of the amorphous carbon. The results of a chemical elemental analysis of the metal-carbon/$TiO_2$ composites showed that most of the spectra for these samples gave stronger peaks for C, O, treated metal components and Ti metal compared to that of any other elements. According to photocatalytic results, the MB degradation can be attributed to the three types of synergetic effect: photocatalysis, adsorptivity and electron transfer, according to the light absorption between the supporter $TiO_2$, metal species, and carbon layers.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.45 no.9
• /
• pp.531-536
• /
• 2008

Reaction bonded silicon carbide (RBSC) composite for heat-exchanger was fabricated by molten Si infiltration method. For enforcing fracture toughness to reaction bonded silicon carbide composite, the surface of carbon fiber has coating layer by SiC or pyro-carbon. For SiC layer coating, CVD method was used. And for carbon layer coating, the phenol resin was used. In the case of carbon layer coating, fracture toughness and fracture strength were enhancing to 4.4 $MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$ and 279 MPa.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.178-181
• /
• 2004

In this work, the carbon fabric reinforced phenolic composite is applied for heavy-duty journal bearings. The through thickness compressive strength (TTCS), which is one of the most important characteristics for the bearing material, is measured and analyzed with respect to the stacking sequence and composite thickness. Also, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and thermal conductivity of the composite in the thickness direction were measured with respect to stacking sequence.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2000

This study has been investigated to apply fiber reinforced composites instead of asbestos as a friction material. the reinforced used was E-glass fiber and binder resin was phenol having good mechanical properties and heat resistance. And it has been also investigated the effect of molding conditions and some additives such and carbon black, alumina and rubber powder in E-glass fiber/phenol resin composite on the friction on the friction and wear characteristics. As a result, it was found that the molding conditions of E-glass fiber/phenol resin composites for friction materials had to be different from those of phenol resin and was found that the wear rate of E-glass fiber/phenol resin composites added alumina powder was higher than of composites added carbon black in the same wear distance. And it was found that friction coefficient of E-glass/phenol resin composites added carbon black was decreased and that of the composites added the powder of natural rubber and ABS rubber were increased compared to the composites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.133-136
• /
• 2001

The effect of pre-carbonization condition on the mechanical properties of nonwoven needle-punched carbon/phenolic composite was studied. The nonwoven Oxi-PAN felt was pre-carbonized at different temperature. The pre-carbonized Oxi-PAN felt was needle-punched and then carbonized. Needle-punched nonwoven carbon preforms were formed into composites with phenol resin. The tensile and flexural strengths showed maximum value with pre-carbonization temperature of $500^{\circ}C$. Compared with the non-pre-carbonized composite, the mechanical properties were slightly improved.

• Carbon letters
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2013

This study investigated a developed process for producing a composite bipolar plate having excellent conductivity by using coal tar pitch and phenol resin as binders. We used a pressing method to prepare a compact of graphite powder mixed with binders. Resistivity of the impregnated compact was observed as heat treatment temperature was increased. It was observed that pore sizes of the GCTP samples increased as the heat treatment temperature increased. There was not a great difference between the flexural strengths of GCTP-IM and CPR-IM as the heat treatment temperature was increased. The resistivity of GPR700-IM, heat treated at $700^{\circ}C$ using phenolic resin as a binder, was $4829{\mu}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ which was best value in this study. In addition, it is expected that with the appropriate selection of carbon powder and further optimization of process we can produce a composite bipolar plate which has excellent properties.