• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.171-184
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• 2013

Frequently faced with dangerous situations, for evidentiary purpose in case of civil and criminal liability challenges, car drivers in Korea have been armed with so-called 'black boxes'; however, which are just video recorders in vehicles rather than real 'black boxes' that are equipped in the airplanes. In the United States, they are called EDRs(Event Data Recorders), more technically, which means that they record data of events happened while driving, such as velocity changes, airbags deployment, seatbelt wearing etc. just like in the airplanes. EDR technology is quickly becoming more advanced, more widely available, and less expensive; however, new concerns are emerging : the privacy of drivers. In U. S., vehicle manufacturers and insurance companies and the governmental agencies including the courts and legislatures are the main parties in terms of the EDR concerns. In order to determine the best way to regulate EDR, it is necessary to balance all the merits, such as safety, privacy, truth, justice and efficiency, to support a legal framework regulating the EDR concerns. This article, in light of the regulation of EDR and experience therof in the United States, examines EDR technology itself, particularly with respect to the automobile industry, describing its history, its current state, and trends that may change it in the future; and explains how the National Highway Transportation Safety Agency (NHTSA), legislatures, courts have approached EDR data. At the early stage of regulation on EDRs in Korea, examining U. S. legal framework and usages would help for successful establishment of legislation and regulation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.57-63
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• 2022

If ECU data, which is responsible for collecting and processing data such as sensors and signals of automobiles, is manipulated by an attack, it can cause damage to the driver. In this paper, we propose a system that verifies the integrity of automotive ECU data using blockchain. Since the car and the server encrypt data using the session key to transmit and receive data, reliability is ensured in the communication process. The server verifies the integrity of the transmitted data using a hash function, and if there is no problem in the data, it is stored in the blockchain and off-chain distributed storage. The ECU data hash value is stored in the blockchain and cannot be tampered with, and the original ECU data is stored in a distributed storage. Using the verification system, users can verify attacks and tampering with ECU data, and malicious users can access ECU data and perform integrity verification when data is tampered with. It can be used according to the user's needs in situations such as insurance, car repair, trading and sales. For future research, it is necessary to establish an efficient system for real-time data integrity verification.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.16-25
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• 2004

A Classifier System is a system based on rules to invent new rules from the present useful ones. In this paper, Genetic Algorithms are proposed to find good classification rule of Classifier System which can extract useful information from huge database. The proposed scheme is applied to the real problems such as the car insurance problem to evaluate the performance of Genetic Algorithm based classifier systems.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.349-352
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• 2015

This paper estimates electrical fire damage cost-effect to analyze electrical safety efficiency by applying a cost-benefit analysis method for analyzing the efficiency of a business public interest. Electrical fire loss statistics data was presented as direct costs and casualties, including deaths due to an electrical fire, this paper adds overhead "Incidental Cost of Accidents to the Employer" by W. H. Heinrich was applied to estimate the cost of economic loss. Also wounded, including the loss of human deaths by referring to the car accident insurance claims costs and human development estimated the losses caused by an electrical fire. And to perform a cost-benefit analysis of the electrical safety as a result of future work. In this paper, the economic effect of the electric field of safety and public interest work to systematically presented.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

This study is the research of occupation distribution about citizen members of autonomy organization in Cheongju area. Investigation of autonomy organization members acting as local readers makes it possible to understand direction for community promotion. Result of this study sums up two type occupational categories. First, in urban area independently managers is above participation ratio in public affairs appeared. On the other hand, ratio of private organization, employee, and experts are low. In rural area, it shows the participation ratio of functional representatives and farmers highly. Second, with investigation of detailed occupation, most independent contractors and such as architecture, real-estate, whole and retail sales, restaurant, nursery, and private educational institute. And small number of insurance, news paper, car sales, gas station mangers participate in autonomy organization. Private organization consist of educational organization, social welfare corporate and district head council, as well as some teachers and farmers.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.7-12
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• 2019

AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking system), a system in which vehicles automatically recognize forward objects or pedestrians and actively brake when forward collisions are expected, has been mandated by NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) and IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) for all vehicles sell in the United States since 2022, and AEB research is also actively underway in korea. In this study, it can be confirmed that the passenger injury is reduced according to the AEB detection distance when it is assumed that the AEB is mounted in the actual event generated from KIDAS (Korea New Car Assessment Program) data through various analysis programs.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.78-98
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to categorize the contribution evasion and develop the expected models for contribution arrears in National Health Care System. The modified logistic regression model in non-payments was used as logistic regression model based on the statistical method. By using this model, we arranged non-payment types and typical branches those are appeared by statistical technique. First fact, sex and age branches those are able to take a part in economy had effect mostly. Also they had difference in non-payment probability by existence of their incomes and property. Especially people who didn't have their own house and car were appeared in high non-payment probability, disease and reduction characteristic(rare diseases, reduction of seniors, handicaps, numbers of medical treatments) didn't effect much in probability. The reason for some characteristic of non-payment which is higher than the correct threshold value of Logistic Regression Model (a suggested model for predicting non-payment)'s distribution of probability was mostly moral hazard. Living difficulty was the bigger reason for non-payment, but moral slackening was the bigger reason for non-payment. But it is careless to decide that moral hazard is just the reason, there is a necessity to examine on the side of sociology based in family. By the reason, the member's non-payment reason can be classified by economy, population, and psychology, but there was a comprehension that losing of work desire could be one reason. So we analyzed informations for composition of family of members. In conclusion, we grasped that family conflict makes non-payment and conversion of member in the National Basic Livelihood Protection System difficult.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1019-1027
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• 2014

Vehicle-into-pedestrian traffic accidents show a very high mortality rate compared to their frequency of occurrence. Throughout the world, governments and insurance companies tend to establish and implement new safety standards for pedestrian protection. In order to improve the performance of pedestrian protection, the Korean government has evaluated the pedestrian safety of vehicles under the Korea New Car Assessment Program (K-NCAP) since 2007. The pedestrian protection performance has improved gradually, but it remains insufficient. A pedestrian protection system consisting of a hood lift system and a pedestrian airbag can be a solution to pedestrian safety. A pedestrian airbag design procedure based on a newly defined design scenario is introduced to reduce the head injury criterion of pedestrians. The proposed design scenario is discussed from a practical viewpoint and applied to manufacture pedestrian protection systems.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.49-61
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• 2009

Recently, a great attention has been paid to a vehicle black box device in the auto markets since it provides an accident re-construction based on the data which contains audio, video, and some meaningful driving informations. It is expected that the device will get to promote around commercial vehicles and the market will greatly grow within a few years. Drivers who equips the device in their car believes that it can find the origin of an accident and help an objective judge. Unfortunately, the current one does not provide the integrity of the data stored in the device. That is the data can be forged or modified by outsider or insider adversary because it is just designed to keep the latest data produced by itself. This fact cause a great concern in car insurance and law enforcement, since the unprotected data cannot be trusted. To resolve the problem, in this paper, we propose a novel real-time integrity protection scheme for vehicle black box device. We also present the evaluation results by simulation using our software implementation.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2010

This study examines the impacts of outside directors' characteristics and compensation on stock performances of KOSDAQ and NASDAQ IPO firms. The results of this study indicated the following interesting results. First, there is no significant relation between outside directors' age and CARs on KOSDAQ firms. while significant positive relation between outside directors' age and CARs on NASDAQ firms. And the elder age group shows a more positive impact on performances compared with the younger age group. Second, there is no relation between outside directors' academic background and CARs for KOSDAQ firms. But We find a significantly positive one for NASDAQ firms. Third, In Relation to outside directors' careers, their professional or CEO careers group have more positive impact on stock performances than gray directors' careers group. Lastly, there is an insignificant negative relation between the outside directors' compensation and CARs for KOSDAQ firms. while there is a positive relative for NASDAQ firms. In particular, there is a significant positive relative between value of stock options and CARs for NASDAQ firms. from the result, I could find out the stock option for outside' directors have a positive influence on firm value.