• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.727-732
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• 2012

The goal of this study is to determine the activities of antioxidants and antiglycation from the extracts of various Capsicum annum (known as pepper) ethanolic extract (CAE). We tested the extracts of Capsicum annum seeds and pericarps using 70% ethanol. The CAE showed antioxidant activities in a 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation assay, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging assay, ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay, total flavonoid content, and total polyphenol content. Also, the physiological activities of CAE on glycation inhibition activities, anti-${\alpha}$-glucosidase activities, and tyrosinase activities were measured. As a result, green and red Capsicum annuum seeds show higher levels of antioxidant activities. In addition, the physiological activities are also more effective in the seeds than in the plant pericarps. A radar chart proves that antioxidants and physiological activities are more effective coming from the seeds. And the red Capsicum annuum seeds are more effective than the green ones.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2003

An efficient procedure was developed for adventitious shoot bud induction and plantlet regeneration from various explants of the ten genotypes of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using Thidiazuron (TDZ). Among various treatments at 1.0-3.0 mg/L TDZ Induced maximum number of adventitious shoots depending upon the explant type and genotype compared to other treatments. Among the explants tested, leaf induced maximum number of adventitious shoots than the cotyledons. TDZ-mediated organo-genesis was possible in 10 pepper cultivars, the extent of the response being genotype-dependent. Of the ten genotypes tested, C. annuum cvs CA960, $G_4$ and X-235 were produced maximum number of adventitious shoots and Sell was the least, and all other genotypes gave moderate response. Elongation of multiple shoots was observed on medium supplemented with SA (0.05 mg/L) in combination of IAA (0.05 mg/L). Differences in ability for in vitro shoot regeneration and elongation depend upon the variety and explant type. The elongated shoots were success. Fully rooted on MS medium containing at 1.0 mG/L IAA. Plantlets regenerated from different explants of ten genotypes were found to be diploid (2n=24) and were devoid of any chromosomal aberrations. Regenerated plants were successfully established in soil where 85-90% of them developed into morphologically normal and fertile plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.527-539
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• 2023

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable and spice crop that has been cultivated worldwide. Pepper fruits have unique taste and aroma, providing a variety of antioxidants and compounds important for human health, which makes a high economic value. In addition, there is a high demand for new pepper varieties, according to consumer's preference. However, pepper is a recalcitrant plant for in vitro tissue and organ differentiation and plant regeneration, which makes it difficult to develop demanded varieties using newly developed technologies such as genetic engineering and gene editing. In this study, tissue culture and regeneration conditions were investigated using seven pepper varieties that were obtained from the core-collection of Seoul National University. We observed callus and bud induction and shoot formation using several media composition composed of different cytokinins and auxin concentrations. As a result, it was found that there were differences in callus induction and shoot formation of each variety depending on the hormone composition, and the highest regeneration was shown when the medium containing Zeatin Riboside and the petioles of seedlings were used. In particular, out of seven pepper varieties, CMV980 exhibited a higher regeneration efficiency (approximately 48%) than other varieties, followed by Yuwolcho. Therefore, this study provides CMV980 and Yuwolcho as good candidates that can be used for pepper transformation, which might contribute to the development of various varieties through gene editing technology in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.272-272
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.235.2-235
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.236.2-236
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• 1995

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2008

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), one of the most important traits in crop breeding, has been used for commercial seed production by $F_1$ hybrid cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). To develop reliable molecular markers for allelic selection of the Restorer-of-fertility (Rf) gene, which is known to be a major determinant of pollen fertility restoration in peppers, a sequence of approximately 10 kb flanking an RAPD fragment closely linked to the Rf locus was obtained by genome walking. A homology search revealed that this sequence contained an LTR retrotransposon and a non-LTR LINE-like retrotransposon. Sequencing of this Rf-linked region to search for polymorphisms between a dominant and recessive allele revealed 98% nucleotide sequence identity between them. A third polymorphic haplotype of the Rf-linked sequence, which has 94-96% nucleotide sequence identity with the two previously isolated haplotypes, was identified among a large number of breeding lines. Utilizing polymorphic sequences in the haplotypes, PCR markers were developed for selection of particular haplotypes and used to examine the distribution of the haplotypes in diverse breeding lines, cultivars, and C. annuum germplasms. Surprisingly, the third haplotype was the predominant type in C. annuum germplasms, while its frequency in $F_1$ hybrid cultivars was relatively low. Meanwhile, analysis of breeding lines whose Rf allele genotypes and male-sterility phenotypes were already known revealed that the third haplotype was mainly present in exotic breeding lines that cause unstable male-sterility when combined with sterile cytoplasms.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 2017

Capsicum annuum L. (CA) is reported to be the most widely cultivated species of the Capsicum throughout the world. Its fruit and the seeds have been used as spice after drying and grinding. It is reported that the fruit and seeds contain capsaicinoid such as capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, carotenoid such as capsanthin and ${\beta}$-carotene with its anti-tumor effect, anti-obesity effect, anti-diabetic action. Present study, we isolated two lignans, icariside $E_5$ and vanilloyl icariside $E_5$ from the seed of CA and validation and content determination were confirmed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). As a result, the contents of the lignans, icariside $E_5$ and vanilloyl icariside $E_5$ were 0.28%, 0.085%, respectively in the extract.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2009

Microscopic study of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) infected with Phytophthora capsici, causing Phytophthora blight of chili pepper, was conducted to compare histological and cytological characteristics in the root and stem of susceptible (C. annuum cv. Bugang) and resistant (C. annuum cv. CM334) pepper cultivars. The susceptible pepper roots and stems were extensively penetrated and invaded by the pathogen initially into epidermal cells and later cortical and vascular cells. Host cell walls adjacent to and invaded by the infecting hyphae were partially dissolved and structurally loosened with fine fibrillar materials probably by cell wall-degrading enzymes of the pathogen. In the resistant pepper, the pathogen remained on root epidermal surface at one day after inoculation, embedded and captured in root exudation materials composed of proteins and polysaccharides. Also the pathogen appeared to be blocked in its progression at the early infection stages by thickened middle lamellae. At 3 days after inoculation, the oomycete hyphae were still confined to epidermal cells of the root and at most outer peripheral cortical cells of the stem, resulting from their invasion blocked by wound periderms formed underneath the infection sites and/or cell wall appositions bounding the hyphal protrusions. All of these aspects suggest that limitation of disease development in the resistant pepper may be due to the inhibition of the pathogen penetration, infection, invasion, and colonization by the defense structures such as root exudation materials, thickened middle lamellae, wound peridems and cell wall appositions.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.678-683
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Korean red pepper extracts on physiological and sensory characteristics. The Korean red pepper extracts were added to chocolate at weight percentages of 0, 2, 4, and 6%. The sensory characteristics made with various Korean red pepper concentrations of the additives were measured as follows: color values (L-value, redness, and yellowness), total phenol, total capsaicinoid, total carotenoid, and ABTS radical scavenging activity. In sensory evaluation, significant differences (p<0.05 and p<0.01) were shown in taste, spiciness, and overall acceptability depending on the addition of pepper extracts. However, there were no significant differences in the properties of aroma and bitterness for chocolate.