• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1172-1185
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• 2019

Objective: Meat quality attributes in postmortem muscle tissues depend on skeletal muscle metabolites. The objective of this study was to determine the key metabolic compounds and pathways that are associated with postmortem aging and beef quality in Japanese Black cattle (JB; a Japanese Wagyu breed with highly marbled beef). Methods: Lean portions of Longissimus thoracis (LT: loin) muscle in 3 JB steers were collected at 0, 1, and 14 days after slaughter. The metabolomic profiles of the samples were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by statistical and multivariate analyses with bioinformatics resources. Results: Among the total 171 annotated compounds, the contents of gluconic acid, gluconolactone, spermidine, and the nutritionally vital substances (choline, thiamine, and nicotinamide) were elevated through the course of postmortem aging. The contents of glycolytic compounds increased along with the generation of lactic acid as the beef aging progressed. Moreover, the contents of several dipeptides and 16 amino acids, including glutamate and aromatic and branched-chain amino acids, were elevated over time, suggesting postmortem protein degradation in the muscle. Adenosine triphosphate degradation also progressed, resulting in the generation of inosine, xanthine, and hypoxanthine via the temporal increase in inosine 5'-monophosphate. Cysteine-glutathione disulfide, thiamine, and choline increased over time during the postmortem muscle aging. In the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database, a bioinformatics resource, the postmortem metabolomic changes in LT muscle were characterized as pathways mainly related to protein digestion, glycolysis, citric acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism, pentose phosphate metabolism, nicotinamide metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, purine metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. Conclusion: The compounds accumulating in aged beef were shown to be nutritionally vital substances and flavor components, as well as potential useful biomarkers of aging. The present metabolomic data during postmortem aging contribute to further understanding of the beef quality of JB and other breeds.

• 멤브레인
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2021

멤브레인 기반의 MBRWG (Membrane Bioreactor for Waste Gas) 처리기술은 폐가스 흐름에 대한 높은 선택성을 바탕으로 효과적인 생물학적 제거를 수행할 수 있다. MBRWG에는 몇 가지 잠재적 이점이 있는데, 이 중 가장 두드러진 점은 기상과 액상이 멤브레인 양쪽으로 명확히 분리되어 액상 내 생물막의 최적제어가 용이하고 이를 통해 효과적인 생분해와 생물막의 활성화를 도모할 수 있다는 것이다. MBRWG 처리기술은 특히 xylene 같은 소수성 독성 기체 성분 제거에 유리한데 이는 소수성 기체의 물질전달속도, 독성 및 제거율이 생물막 인근의 액상흐름 및 수분제어에 민감하게 변화하기 때문이다. MBRWG 처리에 쓰이는 다양한 멤브레인 중에서 PDMS-중공사막(hollow fiber)이 가장 높은 기체 물질 전달을 제공한다고 보고되었다. Capillary 형태도 중공사막형태에 비해 비표면적은 낮지만 비교적 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 소수성 기체성분 제거 외에도 기존 생물학적 폐가스 처리 장치에서 배출된 잔류 기체 혼합물이나 먼지를 제거하기 위한 후단 공정에서 멤브레인 활용을 고려할 수 있다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2021

Generating electricity by using water in many energy harvesting system is due to their simplicity, sustainability and eco-friendliness. Evaporation-driven moist-electric generators (EMEGs) are an emergent technology and show great potential for harvesting clean energy. In this study, we report a transpiration driven electro kinetic power generator (TEPG) that utilize capillary flow of water in an asymmetrically wetted cotton fabric coated with carbon black. When water droplets encounter this textile EMEG, the water flows spontaneously under capillary action without requiring an external power supply. First carbon black sonicated and dispersed well in three different solvent system such as dimethylformamide (DMF), sodiumdedecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS-anionic surfactant) and cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB-cationic surfactant). A knitted cotton/PET fabric was coated with carbon black by conventional pad method. Cotton/PET fabrics were immersed and stuttered well in these three different systems and then transferred to an autoclave at 120 ℃ for 15 minutes. Cotton/PET fabric treated with carbon black dispersed in DMF solvent generated maximum current up to 5 µA on a small piece of sample (2 µL/min of water can induce constant electric output for more than 286 hours). This study is high value for designing of electric generator to harvest clean energy constantly.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2024

This study investigates the temperature sensitivities of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) across a broad temperature spectrum ranging from -196 ℃ to 900 ℃. We developed the FBG temperature measurement system using a high-temperature tubular furnace and liquid nitrogen to supply consistent high and low temperatures, respectively. Our research showed that the FBG temperature sensitivity changed from 1.55 to 10.61 pm/℃ in the range from -196 ℃ to 25 ℃ when the FBG was packaged with a quartz capillary. In the 25-900 ℃ range, the sensitivity varied from 11.26 to 16.62 pm/℃. Contrary to traditional knowledge, the FBG temperature sensitivity was not constant. This inconsistency primarily stems from the nonlinear shifts in the thermo-optic coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient across this temperature spectrum. The theoretically predicted and experimentally determined temperature sensitivities of FBGs encased in quartz capillary were remarkably consistent. The greatest discrepancy, observed at 25 ℃, was approximately 1.3 pm/℃. Furthermore, it was observed that at 900 ℃, the FBG was rapidly thermally erased, exhibiting variable reflected intensity over time. This study focuses on the advancement of precise temperature measurement techniques in environments that experience wide temperature fluctuations, and has considerable potential application value.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 1987

This study is to evaluate the potential use of aclarubicin-loaded gelatin microspheres as an intravascular biodegradable drug delivery system for the regional cancer therapy. The diameter of the microspheres prepared by water in oil emulsion polymerization could be controlled by adjusting the stirring rate in the range of 10-50 $\mu$m : D(in $\mu$m) = -73.8 log (rpm) + 262.7. The addition of proteolytic enzyme increased the in vitro aclarubicin release but it did not change the amount of the initial burst release which reached about 45%. Microspheres injected intravenously into the mouse tail vein embolized only to the lung when observed by fluorescence microscopy. From histological examination following injection of gelatin microspheres into mouse femoral muscle, mild inflammation was observed from the appearance of neutrophils after 2 days and rapid repair process was confirmed thereafter. Biodegradation process of gelatin microspheres lodged on the pulmonary capillary bed was followed up by microscopic observation; degradation was taking place by about 36 hrs, followed by severe damage on the spheerical shape and microspheres was no longer found 10 days after injection.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.627-631
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• 2015

Various solid structures were prepared by electrospray technique. In this process, liquid flows out from a capillary nozzle under a high electrical potential and is subjected to an electric field, which causes elongation of the meniscus to form a jet. In our study, by controlling the amount of polyvinyl pyrrolydone in precursor solution, the jet either disrupted into droplets for the formation of spherical particles or was stretched in the electric field for the formation of fibers. During the electrospray process, the ethanol solvent was evaporated and induced the solidification of precursors, forming solid particles. The evaporation of ethanol solvent also enhanced the mass transport of solutes from the inner core to the solid shell, which facilitated fabrication of porous and hollow structure. The network structures were also prepared by heating the collector.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.2.1-2.1
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• 2011

Electrospray deposition (ESD) technique is fast finding its applicability in the field of thin film device manufacturing processes and the ease and cost efficiency attached to ESD process with possible integration with batch manufacturing technologies is the potential future of thin film device manufacturing. As the name suggests, the deposition phenomenon should solely be a spray achieved through electrostatic forces. In fact it is an imbalance between the surface forces arising because of the surface tension of the liquid to be sprayed and Maxwell stresses which are induced because of the electric field, that pull the liquid downwards from the capillary into a stable jet which further disintegrates into smaller droplets because of coulomb forces and hence a cloud of charged, mono-dispersed and extremely diminutive (sometimes up to femtolitres) droplets is achieved. The present talk is going to be exclusively about the electrospray process concepts, generation and possible applications.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1104-1110
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• 2003

The present study investigates the hemorheological characteristics of blood flow with applying vibration to a non-aggregating red blood cell suspension. In order to obtain the non-aggregating RBC suspension, blood samples were treated with vibration at a specified condition, which viscosities were taken before and after the treatment, respectively. The viscosity of the blood samples after treatment was higher than before treatment. These treated blood samples were forced to flow through a capillary tube that was vibrated perpendicularly to the direction of the flow. The experimental results showed that vibration caused a reduction of the flow resistance of the non-aggregated blood. The reduction of the flow resistance was strongly dependent on both frequency and amplitude of vibration. These results show potential in treating various diseases in the microcirculation associated with blood cell aggregation.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2015

Dynamically vulcanized PMMA/ACM (80 wt%/20 wt%) blend using DCP as a curing agent was prepared using internal mixer. The morphology, mechanical properties, optical properties, melt viscosity and die swell were characterized by using FE-SEM, tensile test, Izod impact test, dynamic mechanical analysis, ARES and capillary rheometer, respectively. The blends show a phase-separated morphology in which ACM are dispersed in PMMA matrix. Dynamically vulcanized blend exhibits higher mechanical properties, higher melt viscosity, and die swell as compared to simple blend. And, the dynamically vulcanized blend showed total transmittance of more than 75% and haze of higher than 90%, which enable it to find potential applications to fabricate an optical diffuser by extrusion process.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.255-262
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• 2016

The disease known as cerebral cavernous malformations mostly occurs in the central nervous system, and their typical histological presentations are multiple lumen formation and vascular leakage at the brain capillary level, resulting in disruption of the blood-brain barrier. These abnormalities result in severe neurological symptoms such as seizures, focal neurological deficits and hemorrhagic strokes. CCM research has identified 'loss of function' mutations of three ccm genes responsible for the disease and also complex regulation of multiple signaling pathways including the WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β and Notch signaling by the ccm genes. Although CCM research is a relatively new and small scientific field, as CCM research has the potential to regulate systemic blood vessel permeability and angiogenesis including that of the blood-brain barrier, this field is growing rapidly. In this review, I will provide a brief overview of CCM pathogenesis and function of ccm genes based on recent progress in CCM research.