• 조형예술학연구
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• 제9권
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• pp.49-87
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• 2006

Narrative has broad domains. So it is related to the everything man faces in his daily life and also performed in various modes. Narrative is revealed through all media including a character, which is also applied to plastic art. And narrative objects formed beyond the differences in media aid forms of expression are commonly based on a language. The study on such objects which created a new conceit of narratology can be said to be a spiritual trend by which to understand the world and man from the viewpoint of a 'story'. Plastic art took high interest in narrative in the same period as the rise of postmodernist art in the latter half of the 20th century, which was also applied to sculpture. The researcher, therefore, investigated through the history of sculpture in the 20th century the process in which narrative was denied under the value system of modernism and reappeared with the quickening of postmodernism. And as a result this period could be briefly characterized by 'return to figure' and 'reappearance of narrative'. The is, such flow means that late sculpture converted its center of interest from simple geometric abstract forms to irregular, figurative images. The researcher chose as the subject of his study the work of Louise Bourgeois, who was judged to have performed narrative positively and successfully among a great number of performed narrative positively and successfully among a great number of postmodernist sculptors who adopted it as their own strategy of expression. As the central artist of postmodrnist sculpture, She expressed human desire and condition as sexuality through the introspection of her own personal experience in contrast to the character of pop art sensitive to external world. The researcher borrowed narrative semiotics as a method of analyzing more elaborately the problem about the generation of narrative shown in her works. For it, he selected as the sample work for analysis Bourgeois's , which were judged to contain narrative most abundantly and as the metaphor of a gaze and recollection presented a new woman self that sublimed love, hatred, and loneliness. The narrative in her works are characterized by introspection questioning one's own trauma. It has independent domain and characteristics and clearly reveals narrative and content-centered characteristics, which are commonly discovered in postmodernist sculpture. The researcher could more concretely and definitely understand the characteristics of narrative through figurative images by analyzing the sample work. The researcher wanted to call your attention to the fact that the sculpture in the late 20th century contained narrative commonly and uniformly despite being characterized by various expressions and modes. And the focused on highlighting the fact that the narrative was more effectively revealed through figurative images of human body and simultaneously analyzing the formalizing process and structure for narrative. Besides he wanted to argue that the position of narrative defining the characteristics of sculpture should be valued more justly. Also, such acceptance of narrative, which is discovered in the sculpture, will have to be understood as the characteristics of the period reflecting the cultural aspect of the present time.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.53-77
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• 2012

Financial firms, especially large scaled firms such as KB bank, NH bank, Samsung Card, Hana SK Card, Hyundai Capital, Shinhan Card, etc. should be securely dealing with the personal financial information. Indeed, people have tended to believe that those big financial companies are relatively safer in terms of information security than typical small and medium sized firms in other industries. However, the recent incidents of personal information privacy invasion showed that this may not be true. Financial firms have increased the investment of information protection and security, and they are trying to prevent the information privacy invasion accidents by doing all the necessary efforts. This paper studies how effectively a financial firm will be able to avoid personal financial information privacy invasion that may be deliberately caused by internal staffs. Although there are several literatures relating to information security, to our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on the behavior of internal staffs. The big financial firms are doing variety of information security activities to protect personal information. This study is to confirm what types of such activities actually work well. The primary research model of this paper is based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) that describes the rational choice of human behavior. Also, a variety of activities to protect the personal information of financial firms, especially credit card companies with the most customer information, were modeled by the four-step process Security Action Cycle (SAC) that Straub and Welke (1998) claimed. Through this proposed conceptual research model, we study whether information security activities of each step could suppress personal information abuse. Also, by measuring the morality of internal staffs, we checked whether the act of information privacy invasion caused by internal staff is in fact a serious criminal behavior or just a kind of unethical behavior. In addition, we also checked whether there was the cognition difference of the moral level between internal staffs and the customers. Research subjects were customer call center operators in one of the big credit card company. We have used multiple regression analysis. Our results showed that the punishment of the remedy activities, among the firm's information security activities, had the most obvious effects of preventing the information abuse (or privacy invasion) by internal staff. Somewhat effective tools were the prevention activities that limited the physical accessibility of non-authorities to the system of customers' personal information database. Some examples of the prevention activities are to make the procedure of access rights complex and to enhance security instrument. We also found that 'the unnecessary information searches out of work' as the behavior of information abuse occurred frequently by internal staffs. They perceived these behaviors somewhat minor criminal or just unethical action rather than a serious criminal behavior. Also, there existed the big cognition difference of the moral level between internal staffs and the public (customers). Based on the findings of our research, we should expect that this paper help practically to prevent privacy invasion and to protect personal information properly by raising the effectiveness of information security activities of finance firms. Also, we expect that our suggestions can be utilized to effectively improve personnel management and to cope with internal security threats in the overall information security management system.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2020

문헌조사와 현장조사를 통해 순창 구미리 남원양씨 종택과 만수탄 종호(鍾湖)에 펼쳐진 초로 양운거의 정원 향유 양상을 추적하기 위하여 시도한 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 종호의 경관 향유자는 남원양씨(南原楊氏)인 초로 양운거와 종호팔경의 작자이기도 한 진주하씨 양진당 하만리를 비롯한 6인의 노선(老仙)으로, 이들은 양운거의 친우이거나 사돈 또는 외숙으로서 매우 긴밀한 관계였다. 투구모양의 돌섬과 소(沼)를 중심으로 생성된 종호정과 육로암 그리고 인근 탁영정 등은 종호에서 최대 약 2㎞ 떨어진 종택을 본제로 삼아 행해졌던 풍류 행위 거점이자 임천원림(林泉園林)이라 할만하다. 종호팔경은 종호암과 육로암 그리고 탁영정을 시점으로 하는 정자팔경과 구미리 남원양씨 영토를 대상으로 한 읍치팔경의 성격이 함께 공유하는 특성이 발견된다. 만수탄 일원에서 확인된 바위글씨는 총 9점으로 만수탄에서 행해졌던 시율(詩律)·낚시·탄금 풍류와 함께 특히, 술 풍류가 행해졌던 현장임을 여실히 알려줄 뿐 아니라 종호팔경의 경관내용이나 경관구조와도 밀접히 관련되어 있다. 종호팔경과 그곳에서의 풍류 행위 그리고 주변 바위글씨는 만수탄 종호의 옛 풍경을 상기하거나 연출하기 위한 매우 시사적이고 유효한 문화경관이자 '노블레스 오블리주의 정원 향유사례'로 현대적 전통조경에 시사하는 바가 적지 않다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2015

We have conducted a verification test of correlation between bird community indices and bird sound recording results in order to use the equipment which deals with the automatic sound collecting system, the song meter. The study areas include four sites which are Gombaeryoung and Zochimryoung in Jeombongsan Mountain and Jookryoung and Gochiryoung in Sobaeksan National Park. We collected the bird sound data five times using a sound recorder and field survey results in the same place of the study site. As a result of the sound recording from the field survey, the species recorded by three researchers of sound analyst include common resident species or species which have a relatively conspicuous call and song. On the contrary, the species recorded by only one researcher are a relatively rare or inconspicuous species or was familiar with the personal experiences of each researcher. The number of species recorded by only one researcher totaled fourteen species (36.8 %), and that of two researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %), and that of three researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %). The correlations of the number of species among three researchers was not significant in some results, but the sum or maximum count of the number of species was useful to estimate a significant correlation between the result of researchers and the indices of field surveys. As a result of correlation analysis by using sound recordings, the maximum number of species among the three researchers significantly correlated with the number of species, the species diversity index and the species abundance index in the field survey at the same site, however it did not correlate with the number of individuals and species evenness index. As a result of sound analysis collected from the stationary sound recording system; song meter, the number of frequencies in bird songs and calls correlated with the number of species in the field survey at the same site. The number of calls and songs decreased as time went by. Finally, we could test the active time range and change the activity strength by using a sound recording system. In particular, that sound recording system is able to collect data in same time and site, so it is expected so that the equipment not only replenish a shortage of researchers and survey periods in field research in a short term monitoring survey, but also be able to acquire statistical objectivity.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.851-862
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• 2007

현행 온천법은 온천수를 광물질 성분이나 그 효능에 두는 것이 아니라 오로지 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 수온으로만 온천수를 규정하여 온천의 무분별한 난개발과 그에 따른 환경파괴 및 환경오염의 주범이 되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 온천법 개정을 촉구하기 위한 일환으로서 349개의 현행온천을 전통온천과 신설온천으로 구분하고 그 차이점을 온천과 밀접한 연관성이 있는 지열류량, 지질암석, 그리고 단층선과의 상관성 측면에서 살펴보았다. 본 연구 결과에 따르면, 전통온천은 지열류량이 남한의 평균 지열류량 $67mW/m^2$보다 큰 포항, 부곡, 부산 동래구 및 해운대구, 경북 울진군, 충주, 대전 유성구, 충남 예산군, 아산, 이천 지역과 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 반면에 신설온천은 337개의 온천 중에서 20.1%인 68개의 온천만이 남한의 평균 지열류량 $67mW/m^2$ 이상인 지역과 일치하였다. 그리고 단층선과 지질암석과의 관계에서 전통온천은 92.3%가 단층선과 일치하고, 58.2%가 지질암석 중에서 화강암의 분포지역과 높은 상관성을 보였다. 이에 비해 신설온천은 총 337개 중에서 33.5%인 113개의 온천만이 단층선과 일치하였고, 화강암 분포지역과의 상관성 정도는 42.7%로서 전통온천 보다 낮았다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2016

최근 선박 간 안전 및 물류 정보 전송에 이용되는 데이터양이 크게 증가함에 따라, 내해에 있는 선박은 육상국과 외해의 선박으로 부터의 전송되는 데이터로 인해 트래픽 부하량이 크게 증가하여 실시간 정보 전송에 어려움이 발생 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 육상국에서 외해의 선박이 밀집해 있는 분포에 따라 적응적으로 섹터의 세부 빔폭을 조절하여 통신을 수행함으로써 내해에 밀집해 있는 선박과 육상국 간의 실시간 통신지원이 가능하도록 하는 적응 섹터 시스템을 적용 후 시뮬레이션을 통해 산출한 전 방향 안테나, 고정 섹터 시스템, 적응 섹터 시스템의 각각의 호 차단율을 근거로 성능 검증을 실시하였다. 성능 검증 결과 선박의 밀집도 q 값이 증가 할수록 고정 섹터 시스템에 비해서 적응 섹터 시스템의 성능의 우수함을 알 수 있으며 동시에 섹터의 세부 빔의 빔폭이 작을수록 적응 섹터 시스템의 성능의 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2008년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.343-347
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• 2008

기업으로서 호텔은 전략목표를 달성하는데 필요한 경쟁력 기반을 견고하게 하고, 업무활동을 지속적으로 개선하기 위해 노력하고 있으며, 이러한 노력은 IT의 급속한 발전에 힘입어 업무프로세스와 컴퓨터를 결합하여, 호텔업무의 상당부분을 전산화(Computing)함으로써 조직유효성과 생산성 향상을 도모하고 있다. 호텔업무의 전산화는 기존의 운영업무(Operating)를 근간으로 POS, ARS, WEB 등으로 점차 확대되어 가는 한편, 급변하는 시장환경에 적응하기 위한 전략적 시스템 구축에도 다가서고 있다. 호텔기업의 기존의 운영관리시스템은 지극히 정량적이며, 재무적 성과에 치우쳐, 단기적으로 기업을 평가하고 관리하는 수준에 그치고 있으나, 최근 전략적 관점의 6시그마, BSC 등의 시스템 도입추세에 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 호텔기업의 전략적 시스템 구축에 있어, 도입되고 있는 BSC(균형성과표)시스템과 관련하여 재무적 관점과 비재무적 관점에서 시스템화할 측정지표 발굴에 그 목적이 있다. 호텔기업의 경영성과를 측정함에 있어 재무적 측정과 더불어 비재무적 성과(고객관점, 내부프로세스, 학습과 성장)에 일선근무자 및 의사결정자들이 시스템에 반영하고자 하는 중요요소를 파악하여, 기업경영에 도움을 주자 한다. 본 연구는 호첼기업에 근무하고 있는 집단을 대상으로 델파이 기법과 전문가 인터뷰(팀장급이상)를 통해 각 관점별 중요순위를 판별하였다. 연구결과 재무적 관점에서는 객실매출액, 객실가동율, 매출성장율, 매출이익율, 매출액 증가율이 중요순위로 나타났으며, 고객관점에서는 고개만족, 서비스 품질, 고객차별화, 고객D/B화, 고객수익성 순으로, 내부프로세스관점에서는 전사적 품질관리, 업무메뉴얼적용, 종사원 만족도, 리더쉽, 경력개발 순으로, 학습과 성장 관점에서는 직원만족도, 자기계발 교육기회 부여, 종사원 생산성, 서비스교육, 보상시스템 순으로 중요하게 인식하고 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 서비스를 주된 경쟁도구 삼고 있는 호텔기업의 재무적 성과외 비재무적 성과상의 중요지표를 발굴하여 호텔기업의 특성에 맞는 BSC(균형성과표/Balanced Scorecard)시스템 구축에 도움을 주고, 궁극적으로 호텔기업의 경영성과 개선에 활용되길 기대한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2002

지금까지 VoIP에 음성인식을 접목했을 때 만들 수 있는 서비스를 동향에 맞춰 살펴보았다. 최근 들어 음성인식 기술을 이용한 서비스나 상품들이 홍수처럼 쏟아져 나오고 있으며, 이제는 음성인식 기술이 GUI나 일반 DTMF를 이용하는 사용자 인터페이스(User Interfaces)를 대신할 수 있을 정도로 발전되었고 또 앞으로도 지속적인 발전이 있을 것이라 예상되므로 이제 시작된 VoIP와 음성인식의 접목은 수많은 다양한 종류의 새로운 서비스를 창출해낼 것으로 예상된다. 본 논문의 그림들에서 유선전화, 무선전화, 무선 인터넷 등 세 종류의 서비스가 계속 등장한다. 이렇게 세 종류의 서비스를 유지하는 이유는 현재 유무선 전화 및 인터넷 서비스 사업자에 관련되어 각각 다른 비즈니스 모델이 다음과 같이 형성될 수 있기 때문이다. 유선 전화망을 통한 인터넷 서비스는 유선망과 인터넷망을 연동시켜 주는 하드웨어를 개발하는 제조업체와 인터넷 정보를 제공해 주는 정보제공 업자 및 서비스를 제공하는 통신사업자가 협력하여 부를 창출하는 비즈니스 형태이다. 무선 전화망을 통한 인터넷 서비스는 무선 전화 사업자들이 이미 무선 인터넷이라는 이름으로 다양한 정보 제공 서비스를 지속해왔다는 점에서 인터넷 정보를 제공해 주는 정보제공업자 및 무선전 화 사업자 그리고 서비스 제공업자가 협력하여 매 출을 올라는 비즈니스 형태이다. 무선 인터넷 서비스는 일반 인터넷 서비스와의 차이는 없으며, 특별히 이동성을 강조한 서비스를 제공한다면 일반적인 인터넷 기반 정보제공자보다 경쟁력을 가질 수 있다. VoIP는 단독으로 쓰이기보다는 다른 다양한 기술과 서비스와 합쳐졌을 때 그 효과가 커진다. 이 제 음성처리기술, 특히 음성인식기술과 함께 사용되는 VoIP 기술의 응용 범위가 어디까지 확대될지 사뭇 기대되는 바이다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.55-85
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• 2011

Many States such as Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, California, New Mexico, Florida were obtained either from Spanish Empire or from Mexico. In 1848 due to the Guadalupe-Hidalgo treaty America could obtain half of the original territory of Mexico. American identity cannot be understood without the history of American expansionism further consolidated by the Spanish-American War in 1898, which brought other ex-Spanish colonies such as Guam, Puerto Rico, the Philippines to the US. The US's interest in these territories dates back to the Monroe doctrine in 1823 when Monroe "declared the Americas off-limits to any new European colonization." America justifies their expansion based on the notion of Manifest Destiny which was created by O'Sullivan at the hight of American fever to annex Texas to US. The intent of this paper is to study how Anglo-Saxon and Latin Culture clashed against each other especially right before and after the Spanish-American War. In this study the American hero, Theodore Roosevelt and Latin American hero, $Jos{\acute{e}}$ Martí will be compared, though they did not meet each other during the Spanish-American war due to Marti's early death in 1895 at the battle for the Cuba Libre. Their comparison is significant in that the former represents the American expansionist spirit and the latter the spirit of Anti-imperialism and Anti-Anglocentrism. Along with the concept of Manifest Destiny of America, 'American exceptionalism' is also mentioned which motivates U.S. to expand further even after the Spanish-American war in the form of 'informal imperialism' characterized by 'gunboat politics'of the US. These discussions will draw attention to how recent theorists such as Bryce Traister criticizes the Border Theory represented by $Jos{\acute{e}}$ David Saldívar. Here the Border Theory is criticized to repeat the discourse of the globalized capitalism which prefers the weak state and the transnational aspects by focusing on the in-betweenness of the border. In the end the paper will focus on how the Border theory as represented by Saldivar is political enough and sets up a resistant example against American expansionism of today in its focus on the call for pan-American and pluri-versal subjectivity of the borderlands. This point will be supported by a discussion of how Saldivar's view is confirmed by Walter Mignolo who advocates the "bottom up" resistance of the indigenous people of Chiapas and other social forums such as World Social Forum and the Social Forum of the Americas derived from the Zapatistas' movement whose motto is "A World in which many world co-exist."

• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2018

Sarcopenia, a common clinical syndrome in older adults, is defined as decreased muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. Since sarcopenia is associated with the incidence of functional decline, falls, and even mortality in older adults, researchers and health care providers have been keen to accumulate clinical evidence to advocate the screening and prevention of sarcopenia progression in older adults. The factors that may accelerate the loss of muscle mass and function include chronic diseases, inactivity, and deficiency in appropriate nutritional support. Among these, nutritional support is considered an initial step to delay the progression of muscle wasting and improve physical performance in community-dwelling older adults. However, a nationwide study suggested that most Korean older adults do not consume sufficient dietary protein to maintain their muscle mass. Furthermore, considering age-associated anabolic resistance to dietary protein, higher protein intake should be emphasized in older adults than in younger people. To develop a dietary protein recommendation for older adults in Korea, we reviewed the relevant literature, including interventional studies from Korea. From these, we recommend that older adults consume at least 1.2 g of protein per kg of body weight per day (g/kg/day) to delay the progression of muscle wasting. The amount we recommend (1.2 g/kg/day) is 31.4% higher than the previously suggested recommended daily allowance (i.e., 0.91 g/kg/day) for the general population of Korea. Also, evidence to date suggests that the combination of exercise and nutritional support may enhance the beneficial effects of protein intake in older adults in Korea. We found that the current studies are insufficient to build population-based guidelines for older adults, and we call for further researches in Korea.