• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.157-169
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• 2001

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects on WBC counts and each differential of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes in whole blood sample of each experimental Aqua-acupuncture treated mice groups PCortex Ulmi Pumilae(CU), Ramulus Cinnamomum(RC), Radix Achyranthes(RA), Apitoxin(BV), Calculus Bovis Fel Ursi Moschus compound(BUM). Materials & Method : All the BALB/c mice used in this study were bred and maintained in our pathogen-free mouse facility and were 6 weeks of age at the start of the experiment. The experimental model of arthritis was induced by injecting 300${\mu}g$/kg LPS to all mice knee joint. The each of Aqua-acupuncture(Cortex Ulmi Pumilae, Ramulus Cinnamomum, Radix Achyranthes, Apitoxin, Calculus Bovis Fel Ursi Moschus compound) was injected into GB34(陽陵泉) of mice groups every other day for 6 times. And the WBC counts and each differential of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes were measured at the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after LPS injection. Results : 1. The WBC counts were significantly decreased compared with the control(CON) group in every Aqua-acupuncture groups at all days. And at the 14th day, BV & BUM groups were more significantly decreased than RA group. 2. The Neutrophil's ratio was significantty increased compared with the CON group in CU & RC groups at the 3rd day and RC group was more significant than CU group. But at the 7th and 14th day, every Aqua-acupuncture groups were significantly increased compared with the CON group and at the 7th day, RC group was more significant than RA, BV & BUM groups and at the 14th day, RC, BV & BUM groups were more significant than RA group. 3. The Lymphocyte's ratio was significantly decreased compared with the CON group in RC group at the 3rd day. At the 7th day, CU, RC & BV groups were significantly decreased compared with the CON group. At the 14th day, every Aqua-acupuncture groups were significantly decreased compared with the CON group and RC group was more significant than RA group, 4. The Monocyte's ratio was significantly decreased compared with the CON group in every Aqua-acupuncture groups at the 7th day. At the 14th day, BV & BUM groups were significantly decreased compared with the CON group. Conclusion : According to the above results, it was concluded that CU & RC groups were more effective at the early period of this experiment, and at the latter period, BV & BUM groups were more effective than others. RA group was less effctive than others.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.115-121
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the scavenging effect on Nitric Oxide of BUM. Methods : The scavenging effect on NO concentrations 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after treatment with Vit C. and BUM at 1, 10, $100{\mu}g/ml$ were estimated. And those was compared with control group. Results : 1. The concentration of NO 2 hours after treatment with BUM at 1, 10, 1$100{\mu}g/ml$ were decreased compared with control group. 2. The conecntration of NO 6 hours after treatment with BUM at 1, 10, 1$100{\mu}g/ml$ were decreased compared with control group. 3. The concentration of NO 12 hours after treatment with BUM at 1, 10, $100{\mu}g/ml$ were decreased compared with control group. 4. The concentration of NO 24 hours after treatment with BUM at 1, $100{\mu}g/ml$ were decreased compared with control group. Conclusion : The scavenging effect of BUM on NO was dose-dependent.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2010

Objectives : We tried to investigate the effects of Carthami Semen(CF) pharmacopuncture and Bovis Calculus Fei Ursi(BU) pharmacopuncture on the heart rate variability(HRV) in adult men. As well as we tried to observe how CF pharmacopuncture and BU pharmacopuncture effect on the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : We investigated on 40 healthy volunteers consisted of 20 subjects in CF pharmacopuncture group and 20 subjects in BU pharmacopuncture group respectively. We ruled out subjects whose vital sign isn't in normal range, yet they had taken a rest. The study established by a randomized, single-blind clinical trial. CF pharmacopuncture and BU pharmacopuncture was applied on each group. We measured HRV 7 times : baseline measurement and every 5 minutes for 30 minutes after injection. The SPSS 15.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data by the paired t-test(in group) and Independent sample t-test(between the groups). Results 1. After injection of CF pharmacopuncture, SDNN, Ln(TP), Ln(VLF) and Ln(LF) increased significantly, and Complexity, pNN50 decreased significantly. 2. After injection of BU pharmacopuncture, RMSSD, SDSD and HRV-index increased significantly. Conclusions : We suggest that CF pharmacopuncture activate sympathetic nervous system and BU pharmacopuncture tend to activate the autonomic nervous system.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.135-146
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• 2002

Background and Purpose : This study shows the clinical effects on treatment with Rheumatoid arthritis using Aqua-acupuncture such as Ursi Fel Bovis Calculus and Cathami Flos that are known for which have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Objective and Methods : This study has been carried out Aqua-acupuncture treatment such as Cathami Flos and Ursi Fel Bovis Calculus twice or three times a week with patients diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis on 7 criteria of US Rheumatism Academy. Results : 1. If you see the sexual distribution, it shows the rates of male and female 1: 1.83. Age distribution shows as age ascend it shows high. 2. If you see the duration distribution, it shows chronic tendency in order of more than 6 months(63.3%), 2 to 5 months, and I month. 3. If you see the invaded distribution, it shows chronic tendency in order of hand(37 cases), wrist joint(34 cases), knee joint(32 cases), ankle joint(21 cases), elbow joint(16 cases), shoulder joint(14 cases), feet(14 cases), hip joint(9 cases), low back(6 cases), neck(4 cases). 4. Seeing the mean post-therapeutic index among groups on RA factor level distinction, it shows that 0-18(normal range) scored 89.0, 19-50 scored 94.8, 51-80 scored 101.2, 81-100 scored 97.3, 101-140 scored 102.4, above 141 scored 97.5. 5. Seeing the mean post-therapeutic index among groups on CRP level distinction, it shows that 0-0.4(normal range) scored 100, 0.5-1.0 scored 48.6, 1.1-2.0 scored 34.9, 2.1-3.0 scored 35.7, 3.1-4.0 scored 37.1, 4.1-5.0 scored 53.8, above 5.0 scored 70.4. 6. Seeing the mean post-therapeutic index among groups on ESR level distinction, it shows that 0-20(normal range) scored 48.6, 21-40 scored 57.5, 41-60 scored 59.2, 61-80 scored 59.2, above 81 scored 66.0. 7. If you see the satisfactory assesment after Aqua-acupuncture treatment such as Cathami Flos and Ursi Fel Bovis Calculus, Excellent is 11 cases, Good is 14 cases, and Moderate 5 cases. Conclusion : It will be better effects, if herbal medicine, moxibustion, and acupuncture are used together with Cathami Flos and Ursi Fel Bovis Calculus on rheumatoid arthritis as chronic inflammatory disease.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.430-445
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• 1997

In order to know the effects of Calculus $Bovis{\cdot}F디$ Ursi aqua-acupuncture ($C{\cdot}F$ aqua-acupuncture) to the liver damage, we carried out the treatment of $C{\cdot}F$ aqua-acupuncture and injection of Kam-Du-Tang on the liver damaged rat which is induced by aconitine, and then ultrastructural study has been to the liver tissue. The results were as follows: 1. In the hepatic cell of normal group, the nuclear envelope is round and electro-density of nucleoplasm is relatively low, and have one or two large nucleolus. Cell organelle is developed rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) and many mitochondria, glycogen granules, smooth endoplasmic reticulum(SER) and Golgi apparatus. 2. In 24 hours control group, nuclear envelope is very irregular, RER and most of cell organell is shown that destroyed by aconitine. This is similar to the 48 hours control group. In 72 hours control group, RER is recovered somewhat but cristae of mitochondria is not seen the shape 3.In 24 hours $C{\cdot}F$ aqua-acupuncture group, nuclear envelope is very irregular and cristernae is very dilatable and many mitochondria is dilationed and the cristae is not definite like the control group. In 48 hours $C{\cdot}F$ aqua-acupuncture group, nuclear envelope is relatively round and chromatin is regular. Cristernae of RER and ribosme is somewhat imperfect but is similar the normal group, and the cristae of mitchondria is shown definitely like the normal group. In 72 hours $C{\cdot}F$ aqua-acupuncture group, nuclear envelope is round and cell organell is similar to normal group. 4. In 24 hours Kam-Du-Tang group, nuclear envlope is very irregular and cell organelles are destroyed by the effects of aconitine. In 48 hours Kam-Du-Tang group, nuclear envelope is somewhat irregular but chromatin is relatively regular. RER is seperated regularly through the cytoplasm, but cannot make the structure of lamina, and cistennae is very dilationed. many of glycogen granules is seperated regularly. In 72 hours Kam-Du-Tang group, RER makes the lamina. Mitochondria is a little but inner space is dilationed so the shape of is not definite and a lot of glycogen granules are accumulated in several places. It see the above result, hepatic cell that is damaged by aconitine is effected chiefly by the $C{\cdot}F$ acupuncture and effect of acupuncture is similar to the detoxicated effect of Kam-Du-Tang.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.139-149
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to report Bell's palsy patients with postauricular pain treated by Calculus Bovis Fel Ursi Moschus(BUM) Pharmacopuncture. Methods : The 6 patients were treated by the Korean medica treatment including herbal medication, dry needle acupuncture and physical therapy. We performed BUM Pharmacopuncture in Yepung for the treatment of postauricular pain once or twice. We have evaluated the effect of BUM Pharmacopuncture by Visual Analog Scale(VAS). Results : After BUM Pharmacopuncture for the treatment of postauricular pain, VAS were decreased in all cases. Conclusions : It was suggested that BUM Pharmacopuncture might have effect on control of auricular pain in Bell's palsy. Further, systemic studies will be needed to evaluate obvious effect of BUM pharmacopuncture on postauricular pain of Bell's palsy.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was performed to examine effects of herbal acupuncture therapy on shoulder pain. Methods : Control group were treated by common acupuncture therapy and sample group were treated by common acupuncture therapy and herbal acupuncture therapy. We compared control group with sample group by VAS and ROM. Results : VAS of sample group were more decreased than control group. ROM of sample group were more improved than control group. Conclusion : The herbal acupuncture therapy may be good effects on the shoulder pain.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.29-51
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• 2003

This study was progressed for oriental medical care of neonates by fetal toxicosis removal therapy, and the results as follows: 1. The purpose of fetal toxicosis removal therapy : It removes dirty blood in neonatal mouth and prevents diseases. 2. Kinds of fetal toxicosis removal therapy : Radix Glycyrrhizae(甘草), Rhizoma Coptidis(黃連), Cinnabaris-Mel(朱蜜), Calculus Bovis(牛黃), Sojae Semen Praepartum, Juice of Semen Allii Tuberosi(非汁) and mercury(汞粉). 3. A period of fetal toxicosis removal therapy : At birth, 3rd day or so, one week or so, after umbilical omission. 4. Methods of fetal toxicosis removal therapy: Purgative therapy(下法) and Emetic therapy(吐法).

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2011

Objectives The objective of this study was to contribute to the development of pharmacupuncture for obesity treatment by reviewing the studies of pharmacupuncture experimentations and clinical trials. Methods We searched the papers with keywords of 'obesity' and 'pharmacupuncture' in the search site, RISS, Oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system(OASIS), Korean traditional knowledge portal, the society of Korean medicine for obesity research, Korean pharmacupuncture institute, the Korean academy of oriental rehabitation medicine and Korean acupuncture & moxibustion society. Results 1. We reviewed 37 articles searched. 27 articles(73.0%) were animal experimentations, 5 articles(13.5%) were cell experimentations, 4 articles(10.8%) were clinical trials and 1 article(2.7%) was study analysis. 2. The herbs, using for animal experimentations, were atratylodes japonica, coix lachrymajobi, ephedra sinica, crataegus pinnatifida, wild ginseng and etc. Acupucture points were joksamni(ST36), zhongwan(CV12), gansoo(BL18), pungnyung(ST40), umnungchon(SP9), bisu(BL20), gokji (LI11), cheun-chu(ST25) and etc. 3. For cell experimentations, preadipocytes and adipocytes performed on cell cultures with using rats, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and porcine skin including fat tissue were treated with fel ursi, bovis calculus, ephedrae herba, spirodelae herba, wild ginseng. 4. For clinical trials, Sangsik no.1, Bigiheo, ephedra, green tea and sweet bee venom were injected at the region where a lot of fat like zhongwan(CV12), xiawan(CV10), kwanwon(CV4), cheun-chu(ST25) and thigh. Conclusion Through animal and cell experimentations and clinical trials, the treatment of obesity using local acupuncture therapy was effective. For clinical use, however, it is considered that animal and cell experimentation and clinical trial's connection using one kind of herb and studies about more clinical trials and associated side effects are needed.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of BU pharmacopuncture therapy consisting of bear's gall(fel ursi) and ox bezoar(bovis calculus) on acute lumbar sprain. Methods: 12 patients diagnosed as acute lumbar sprain in 6 designated local Korean medicine clinics from October 2017 to February 2018 were treated by BU pharmacopuncture. Several acupoints in abdomen and lumbar region were selected by clinicians at their own discretion. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated using VAS and ODI. After that we reviewed the medical records of all these patients to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the therapy. Results: The VAS and ODI scales were significantly decreased after BU pharmacopuncture therapy. And no major complications and adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: BU pharmacopuncture showed rapid pain relief in patients with acute lumbar sprain. It is possible to shorten the treatment period of acute lumbar sprain and prevent progressing to chronic back pain in advance. To establish the effects of BU pharmacopuncture therapy, more succeeding clinical and laboratory studies are needed.