• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.569-579
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between drug dosage calculation error prevention competence and medication safety organizational climate. Methods: We surveyed 207 nurses from 15 hospitals. An assessment survey was designed to assess the medication safety organizational climate which consisted of four subcategories including medication safety cultures, medication safety initiatives, medication error communication, and medication error management competence. The drug dosage calculation error prevention competence contains two subcategories; Dosage calculation habits and ability. The data were collected from July to August 2011. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, partial Pearson correlation coefficient, canonical correlation were used. Results: Organizational climate was related to dosage calculation error prevention competence with two significant canonical variables. The first canonical correlation coefficient was .53 (Wilks' ${\lambda}$=0.71, df=8, p<.001) and that of the second was .21 (Wilks' ${\lambda}$=0.96, df=3, p=.027). The first variate indicated higher perception of medication safety cultures, safety initiatives, error communication and error management competence were related to better dosage calculation habits. The second variate showed higher perception of medication safety cultures and lower medication error management competence were related to higher calculation ability. Conclusion: Continuous supporting strategies for medication safety organizational climate should be implemented to improve drug dosage calculation habits.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.23-47
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• 2017

본 연구에서 초등학교에서 분수에 대한 사칙연산의 학습을 마친 시점에 있는 6학년 학생들을 대상으로 학업성취수준에 따라 분수의 사칙연산 과정에서 발생하는 오류는 어떤 것들이 있는지 분수의 사칙연산 유형별로 오답률을 분석하였고, 학업성취수준에 따라 각각의 분수의 오류유형에는 어떤 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 분수의 사칙연산에서 진분수 사이의 계산보다는 대분수가 같이 있는 계산에서 가장 높은 오답률을 보이고 있다. 특히 동분모 분수의 계산보다는 이분모 분수에서의 계산에서 높은 오답률을 보이고 있는데 학생들이 이분모 분수에서 통분을 하는 것을 어려워하는 것으로 나타났다. 분수의 곱셈에서는 상 수준과 중 수준의 학생들은 계산오류에서 가장 높은 오답률을 보이고 있으며, 하수준의 학생들은 역수오류가 가장 높은 오답률을 보이고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to identify predictors of drug dosage calculation error risk in newly graduated nurses. Methods: A total of 115 newly graduated nurses who passed their employment examination, but didn't work for hospital yet, were recruited from a university hospital. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The mean score of 'drug dosage calculation ability' was $0.81{\pm}0.16$ and the mean score of 'certainty of calculation' was $2.95{\pm}0.60$ out of a 5 point scale. The error risk of drug dosage calculation was positively related to anxiety for drug dosage calculations (r=.388, p<.001), but negatively related to interest and confidence in mathematics (r=-.468, p<.001), confidence related to dosage calculations (r=-.426, p<.001). The main predictors of error risk related drug calculations in newly graduated nurses were identified as interest and confidence in mathematics (${\beta}$=-.468, p<.001). This factor explained about 21.9% of the variance in error risk of drug dosage calculation. Conclusion: The strategies used to decrease the error risk related drug dosage calculation such as improving interest and confidence in mathematics should be developed and implemented.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2002

위상이동 간섭무늬 투영 방법을 이용한 3차원 형상측정 시스템의 위상계산오차를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 다룬 오차의 요소에는 물체 표면의 특성에 따라 검출기에 나타나는 양자화 크기의 변이 효과, 물체 표면에 맺히는 간섭무늬 패턴의 초점 어긋남 효과, 간섭무늬의 위상이동 오차에 의한 효과, 위상 이동된 간섭무늬 패턴이 투영된 여러 개의 물체 상을 받아들이는 도중에 시스템 및 주위 환경 변화에 의한 오차, 그리고 투영되는 격자 패턴의 왜곡에 의한 효과들을 계산하고 논의하였다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.402-409
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• 2015

This paper proposes a novel rotor position error calculation method for high-frequency signal-injected sensorless control. The rotor position error using the conventional modulation method can be only measured up to ${\pm}45^{\circ}$. In addition, when the rotor position estimation error is not sufficiently small, the small angle approximation in no longer valid. To overcome these problems, this study introduces a new rotor position error calculation method using the rotating matrix. In this study, the position error measurement range of the proposed method is extended from ${\pm}45^{\circ}$ to ${\pm}90^{\circ}$. The linearity between the real rotor position error and the estimated error is maintained by nearly $90^{\circ}$. These features of the proposed method improve the performance of the sensorless control. The validity of the proposed method is verified by simulations and experiments.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.92-104
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• 1995

It often happens some elements are so largely distorted during a large-deformation finite element analysis that further calculation becomes impossible or the approximation error increases rapidly. This problem can be overcomed only by remeshing at several suitable stages. The present study aimed to establish the criterion based on the error estimators, and examined in the simulation and posterior error analysis of ring compression test to demonstrate the usefulness of them. The distribution of each error estimator and its variation during deformation were investigated. All the error estimators were increased monotonously with deformation and decreased rapidly at remeshing stage. It was shown that the error estimators suggested in this study are good measures as remeshing criterion for large deformation finite element analyses.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2008

유비쿼터스 사회에서는 사용자의 요구를 충족시키기 위하여 사용자가 갖고 있는 기기에 대한 정밀한 위치측정을 필요로 한다. 위치 측정은 송수신기간에 신호의 전송을 기반으로 한 거리측정을 통해 이뤄지기 때문에 위치측정의 오차는 거리측정의 오차로부터 발생한다. 신호가 전송되는 기기 간에 장애물이 존재하게 되면 LoS(Line of Sight)신호 성분이 줄어들게 되어 NLoS(Non-Line of Sight) 채널이 발생하게 되고 정확한 시점에서 신호를 검출할 수 없게 되어 거리오차가 발생하게 된다. 일반적인 위치측정 알고리즘은 참조기기(Reference Device)의 거리측정 성능에 관계없이 참조기기와 목표기기(Target Device)간의 거리측정 값을 위치 계산에 그대로 사용하기 때문에 거리측정 값으로부터 발생되는 오차가 위치 계산에 더해지게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 각 참조기기가 속해 있는 채널특성을 판별하고 NLoS채널로부터 계산된 거리와 LoS채널로부터 계산된 거리를 다른 비율로 적용하여 위치측정의 오차를 줄이는 Iterative Calculation 기법을 제안한다. 참조기기는 수신된 신호의 Kurtosis, Mean, Excess Delay, RMS Delay spread를 통해 NLoS와 LoS 채널을 구분한다. 이를 통해 구분된 채널마다 각기 다른 비율로 랜덤 거리를 계산된 거리에 더하여 위치를 계산하는 것을 반복적으로 수행한 뒤 평균값을 계산하여 확률적으로 존재할 가능성이 높은 목표기기의 위치를 찾아감으로써 NLoS채널로부터 계산된 거리오차가 위치측정에 미치는 영향을 줄이는 방법을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 기존의 방식과 비교했을 때 성능향상을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1986년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.92-102
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• 1986

In this paper, Modular cell approach was applied to custom IC design or RS decoder. For the design of RS decoder by modular cells, 3 basic cells and one extra circuit are designed, these are, SYN cell for syndrome calculation, AL cell for error locator polynomial calculation, and REM cell for remaining error transform calculation. RS decoder design by these basic cells is very simple and regular, and naturally suitable for VLSI RS decoder design.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2003년도 제27회 추계학술대회
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• pp.41-41
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• 2003

Purpose: Even if the wedge filter is widely used for the radiation therapy to modify the photon beam intensity, the wedged photon beam dose calculation is not so easy. Radiation therapy planning systems (RTPS) have been used the empirical or semi-analytical methods such as attenuation method using wedge filter parameters or wedge filter factor obtained from measurement. However, these methods can cause serious error in penumbra region as well as in edge region. In this study, we propose the dose calculation algorithm for wedged field to minimize the error especially in the outer beam region. Materials and Method: Modified intensity by wedge filter was calculated using tissue-maximum ratio (TMR) and scatter-maximum ratio (SMR) of wedged field. Profiles of wedged and non-wedged direction was also used. The result of new dose calculation was compared with measurement and the result from attenuation method. Results: Proposed algorithm showed the good agreement with measurement in the high dose-gradient region as well as in the inner beam region. The error was decreased comparing to attenuation method. Conclusion: Although necessary beam data for the RTPS commissioning was increased, new algorithm would guarantee the improved dose calculation accuracy for wedged field. In future, this algorithm could be adopted in RTPS.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2013

In case of applying the BIM method in the civil engineering of irregularly shaped structure, BIM method began to be introduced in the current building engineering area compared with the expected effects of the relatively high construction productivity has been recognized. In this paper, I have developed quantity calculation algorithms applying it to earthwork and bridge construction, tunnel construction, retaining wall construction, culvert construction and implemented BIM based 3D-BIM Modeling quantity calculation. Structure work in which errors occurred in range between -6.28% ~ 5.17%. Especially, understanding of the problem and improvement of the existing 2D-CAD based of quantity calculation through rock type quantity calculation error in range of -14.36% ~ 13.07% of earthwork quantity calculation. It's benefit and applicability of BIM method in civil engineering. In addition, routine method for quantity of earthwork has the same error tolerance negligible for that of structure work. But, rock type's quantity calculated as the error appears significantly to the reliability of 2D-based volume calculation shows that the problem could be. Through the estimating quantity of earthwork based 3D-BIM, proposed method has better reliability than routine method. BIM, as well as the design, construction, maintenance levels of information when you consider the benefits of integration, the introduction of BIM design in civil engineering and the possibility of applying for the effectiveness was confirmed. In addition, as the beginning phase of information integration, quantity document automation program has been developed for activation of BIM. And automatically enter the program code number, linkage and manual volume calculation program, quantity document automation programs, such as the development is now underway, and step-by-step procedures and methods are presented.